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Topic: Gunwales

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	Gunwales
		There are several ways to make gunwales (or gunnels, or wales...), most of which are adequately described in the popular books.
		Gunwales are commonly made from a piece that is mounted along the sheer inside the boat (inwale), and a similarly mounted outer piece (the outwale).
		I mount the gunwales with epoxy using temporary screws in place of clamps, removing the screws after the epoxy cures.
	www.michneboat.com /Gunwales.htm (1300 words)

	Maintenance of wood trim
		Since wood gunwales and thwarts can be seen as the backbone of the canoe, it is important that they are strong and rigid enough to preserve the shape of the canoe well.
		The problem with wood gunwales, especially when your canoe is stored outdoors, is not so much the outside of the rails, which can be easily maintained with oil, but it is the part of the gunwales against the hull, where water can collect gradually and cause rot from the inside out.
		Gunwales that are not firmly laminated to the hull with epoxy, need to be disassembled for maintenance on the inside -- particularly when stored outside in a damp environment.
	www.xs4all.nl /%7Edbarends/oil.html (1567 words)

	Sawmill Creek - View Single Post - Project Pics
		The gunwales are pine and have scarfed joints (epoxied) to achieve their length.
		The gunwales are bent to shape using spreaders and ropes.
		The mortices and mating ends of the deckbeams are cut to accommodate the angles formed as the gunwales taper at either end.
	www.sawmillcreek.org /showpost.php?p=84103&postcount=1 (418 words)

	Endeavour
		The planks to extend in one length from gunwales to calking strip in wake of centerboard trunk, from gunwales to deadwoods fore and aft, and elsewhere from gunwale to gunwale.
		The gunwale casing on the inside will be similar to the caps, the casings and caps to be fastened by brass screws let in and plugged.
		They are to be fastened by a 1/2-inch copper bolt, riveted through the gunwales and boundary cant, and a 3/8-inch copper bolt riveted through the planking, and further secured by a finished gun-metal knee with 6-inch arms 1-3/4 inches wide 3/4 inch thick at the throat and 1/4 inch thick at the ends.
	www.alaska.net /~fritzf/Boats/endeavour/specifications.htm (6824 words)

	Qayaq building in Chevak
		In many traditional frames the gunwales are canted at a fairly steep angle, 25 or 30 degrees, which helps in rib installation, and the lie of the skin over the gunwales.
		The traditional width of the gunwale spacing is from the paddler's armpit to the tip of the first finger, or first finger joint (this latter is better for longer armed persons), but in keeping with the slightly reduced dimensions of the kid's qayaq beam was set at about 27 inches.
		The after gunwale ends are carved round,leaving a shoulder, and a corresponding hole is drilled in the pamyuq, about where the kagaluq and pamyuq would normally join.
	www.rockisland.com /~kyak/chevaq1.html (1713 words)

	Canoe -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Later, they were made of a wooden frame, wood ribs, other wood parts (seats, gunwales, etc.) and covered with (Heavy closely woven fabric (used for clothing or chairs or sails or tents)) canvas, sized and painted for smoothness and watertightness.
		The deck is an extension of the hull, with a special sheet called a (Click link for more info and facts about spraydeck) spraydeck sealing the gap between deck and the paddler.
		A (A small boat of shallow draft with cross thwarts for seats and rowlocks for oars with which it is propelled) rowboat is not really like a canoe, since it is propelled by oars resting in pivots on the gunwales.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/c/ca/canoe.htm (2733 words)

	Untitled
		Progressive widening of the hull from the waterline to the gunwales; serves to deflect water and increase stability
		Gunwale: {Pronounced "gunnels"} the upper edge of the boat's side.
		Gunwales: Structural supports that run end to end along the top of the hull.
	canoe.8m.com (1787 words)

	Gunwale FAQ's
		The subject of gunwales has also generated a lot of questions, ranging from the simple to the complex, and there are numerous possible variations.
		The inner gunwale is made wider by the thickness of the hull plus a bit, and is then rabbetted on the face that contacts the inside of the hull to accommodate the hull thickness.
		Dry fit the outer gunwales, and tape a couple of stir sticks to the hull at the bottom edge of the outer gunwale, so that the stick extends past the end to where the plug will be.
	www.greenval.com /FAQgunwales.html (2515 words)

	The Hooper Bay Alaska Kayak
		The gunwales, major strength members in all kayaks, were fashioned from one driftwood log that Dick first squared up with a hatchet and adze and then halved by sawing with a portable circular saw.
		The gunwales were joined at the ends and spread apart in the middle to check for even bending.
		When all was ready the deck beams were fitted into the gunwales, the gunwale end bolted together and the bow and stern pieces added along with the deck stringers.
	www.arctickayaks.com /hooptext.htm (3620 words)

	Canoe Rescue Techniques (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The paddler or paddlers of the dumped canoe should swim to the end of their canoe that is farthest away from the rescue canoe and push down to help break the suction.
		This facilitates the rescuer lifting the end of the overturned canoe up onto the gunwales of his canoe.
		The now empty canoe is brought alongside the rescuer canoe and the gunwales of both canoes are hand clamped while the victims crawl back in one at a time.
	www.canyonadventures.com /articles/canoerescuetechniques.htm (383 words)

	Making A Birchbark Canoe
		The gunwale template is held tightly in the bottom of the canoe by the vertical pole.
		The gunwales are formed of two strips of white cedar between which the bark is sandwiched and sewn.
		Where the bark meets the gunwale, the force on the sewing is in a direction parallel to the grooves in the bark, so this edge must be reinforced with a horizontal strip of bark with the grooves running parallel to the gunwale through which the sewing passes.
	www.northwestjournal.ca /VIII4.htm (2264 words)

	Umiak Construction and form
		A characteristic feature of Umiak construction is the headboard, basically a piece of plank on the flat that connects the gunwales and serves as an anchor point for the top of the stem or stern post.
		The gunwales may be separated by 6 to 8 inches forward, and 12 or more aft.
		The gunwales themselves were often extended -unskinned- past the headboard, where they served as handholds and grab points.
	www.rockisland.com /~kyak/umicon.html (910 words)

	Building a Canoe
		The gunwales are put into place, and "stem pieces" made of cedar are placed in the ends of the canoe.
		Holes are punched in the bark with an awl and the root is passed through and laced around the gunwales, holding everything securely together.
		The cedar ribs are cut to length and, with their ends securely fitted under the gunwales, are driven into place.
	www.squeedunk.com /building.htm (600 words)

	Canoe Glossary&Clickable Canoe -- OutdoorPlaces.Com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Carrying Thwart: [top] A brace that runs from gunwale to gunwale, typically with a cut out for the neck, sometimes padded, and located just forward of the beam of the canoe.
		Depth: [top] The distance from the top of the canoe at the gunwales to the bottom of the canoe when measured at the beam.
		Gunwales: [top] The upper rails that run along the outside edges of the canoe.
	www.outdoorplaces.com /Features/Paddle/pickcanoe/newcanoe7.htm (594 words)

	Summer Breeze building notes day five
		Today I made and glued the gunwales (also call rub rails by some) made the breasthook, the spacing blocks and laminated the mast.
		The gunwales go about the same as the chine logs, and are the same dimensions 3/4" x 1".
		Stiffen the edge with a piece of gunwale stock, and call it a day.
	www.simplicityboats.com /Summerbreeze5.htm (554 words)

	Tribal Art Brokers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		A bird's head (probably a cormorant, good at finding fish) is placed above a complex and formal arrangement of large and dangerous fishes including sharks and dolphins, and the tiny sprat mu’me’me that follows fishing canoes.
		The ornamental gunwales are two narrow strips grooved to be fixed to the sides of the canoe just behind the prow, and like the prow, they are secured by ornamental fibre lashings.
		This pair features the little mu’me’me fish that accompany the fishermen at sea and abstract patterns commonly painted on canoe sides.
	www.tribalartbrokers.net /details.asp?itemId=CPH (145 words)

	Kevin Martin - Construction: Wood & Canvas (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The canvas is not glued to the hull but is fastened under the gunwales and at the stems, producing a strong, yet giving hull.
		The ribs are of cedar 1/4" to 3/8" thick and 2 1/4" wide, and are tapered toward the gunwales.
		Outer gunwales finish off the trim and can be left open or closed with a cap rail.
	kevinmartin.wcha.org /cons_woodcan.html (369 words)

	A Paper Canoe
		For fastening the gunwales to the crossboards use nails instead of screws, because the nails are not apt to loosen and come out.
		The paper is then trimmed, lapped and doubled over as smoothly as possible at the ends of the frame, and held in place by means of small clamps.
		Then take some of the split rattan and, after wetting it, wind it firmly around both gunwales and inside strip, passing it through small holes punched in the paper just below the gunwale, until the inside and outside strips are bound together into one strong gunwale.
	www.riparia.org /paperboat/paperboat.htm (1272 words)

	Richard Bests Kayaks ·
		The Gunwales are prepared first, with mortices cut just below their upper edges into which the tenons of the deck beams fit.
		Where the ends of the gunwales meet they are pegged together and the frame so locked.
		It states that, in Greenland, the average depth at the back of the cockpit from the top of the gunwales to the keelson is 15-20cm.
	www.freewebs.com /bestie/kayakbuilding.htm (2206 words)

	Folding Kayak Builders Manual - Covering The Hull (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Masking tape is placed on the keel near the bow, center, and stern to check for movement during cutting and lacing.
		Trim the PVC to within 3 inches of the gunwales on either side until you get near the ends.
		With the aid of an assistant, stretch the skin lengthwise to reduce it's tendency to wrinkle around the gunwales.
	www.yostwerks.com /Skin4.html (245 words)

	The Cedar Strip canoe (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Once protected by the fiberglass, the hull could be removed from the forms and the inside smoothed and faired prior it too being covered with fiberglass and epoxy.
		Gunwales, decks and finally seats were added, sanded and smoothed and the whole canoe coated in four coats of varnish.
		The outer gunwales were fitted around the tapered stems using small carved inserts which were epoxy glued into place.
	www.susqu.edu /FacStaff/r/richard/Canoe.html (594 words)

	Fishing with Big Jon Trolling Systems, Downrigging
		Pedestal mounts may be needed for the downriggers to clear the gunwales and swivel mounting bases will make for easier docking.
		Two single reel planer mast mounted on the gunwales just behind the cabin or canopy top are popular for larger boats where the bow is not easily accessable.
		Mounting the planer riggers on the gunwale decks will provide the height needed for the Otter Boats to perform at their best.
	www.bigjon.com /tips/tips.asp (600 words)

	Canadian Canoe Routes :: View topic - Replacing Gunwhales (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Wooden gunwales are not that bad to install depending on the amount of re-curve at each end.
		Gunwales are expensive though...I wonder if the stock is rectangular or if it has been angled to reduce wieght...
		Taking the aluminum gunwales off was easy, but I dont remember if he hacksawed them or not or just drilled the rivets out.
	www.myccr.com /SectionForums/viewtopic.php?topic=1359&forum=20&11 (1427 words)

	Attaching Trim
		So if you just install the gunwales and spacers without forthought, (like I did) they won't be in the right location for the seats and you'll have to do some fudging to hang the seats.
		It is, relative to the gunwales because as you get closer to the points of the boat, the sides are higher.
		The last step is any finish sanding to the gunwales, sand off the top edge so the gunwales, wood hull, and glass are flush.
	www.sba.muohio.edu /finchbj/canoe/attaching_trim.htm (1366 words)

	Kayak, Canoe, Paddlesports - Repair FAQ's
		By lightly sanding the gunwales, you should be able to remove most of the discoloration.
		After sanding or wiping down the gunwales, you should re-coat the wood with a light layer of boiled linseed oil.
		As a nice bonus, the boiled linseed oil will allow your gunwales will dry completely, rather than maintaining the “tacky” feel that comes from stain or “Gunwale Guard." As a final thought, if you are able to store a boat with wood gunwales indoors you won't experience this same problem again.
	www.rutabaga.com /page.asp?pgid=214 (999 words)

	Yakima Gunwale Brackets set of 4 The Yakima Gunwale Brackets set of 4 carry a canoe by the gunwales with a soft, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Yakima Gunwale Brackets set of 4 The Yakima Gunwale Brackets set of 4 carry a canoe by the gunwales with a soft, rounded shape.
		The Yakima Gunwale Brackets set of 4 carry a canoe by the gunwales with a soft, rounded shape.
		With their superb customer support, and high quality brand merchandise like this Yakima Yakima Gunwale Brackets set of 4, you know that you will be getting the best possible for your money.
	www.cool-outdoor-gear.com /Yakima_Gunwale_Brackets_set_of_4.shtml (109 words)

	Voyageur Home Page
		Deluxe hulls are trimmed with wooden gunwales (aluminum is optional), and the Standard hulls are trimmed with aluminum gunwales.
		We are one of the few remaining manufacturers that paint the canvas before the gunwales and keel are attached.
		Both gunwales and keel are completely protected on all surfaces with their respective coatings to prevent premature aging and rot.
	www.voyageurcanoe.com (965 words)

	WCHA - Building a Miller Canoe (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Many canoes are made using hardwood, ash, oak and cherry gunwales, but it adds precious weight to the canoe, and I don't think the hardwoods hold the shape of a canoe better than Spruce.
		The first lumber to get ready is the spruce gunwales, they are sawn out on a table saw in long strips usually 1 1/4" square, then run through a surface planer and sized to one inch wide and 7/8 thick (depending on the size of the canoe and degree of ruggedness desired).
		Meanwhile the gunwales are placed on the model held in place with "C" clamps every 30 inches or so.
	www.wcha.org /tidbits/howto_wood_canvas.html (1090 words)

	REI: Paddling Expert Advice (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Depth is the distance between a canoe's gunwales (side rails) and the bottom of the boat.
		Gunwales — Gunwales (pronounced "gunnels") are the side rails running along the top edges of the canoe that reinforce it and provide a convenient place to grab hold.
		Aluminum gunwales are also tough and maintenance-free, but they can be loud when you hit them with your paddle.
	www.rei.com /online/store/LearnShareDetailArticlesList?storeId=8000&categoryId=Paddling&url=rei/learn/paddle/howcanoef.jsp (1632 words)

	Wenonah Canoe (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		If the canoe has wood gunwales, the seat will be a fixed, non-adjustable seat suspended from the gunwales with wood dowels.
		The non-adjustable seat is hung from the gunwales with aluminum plates.
		Our new height/angle adjustable seat is also hung from the gunwales with aluminum plates but can be used at two height settings and positioned level for sitting, or angled for kneeling.
	www.wenonah.com /wenonah/canoes/composite_seats_page2.html (623 words)

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