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Topic: Gur languages

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Senufo languages

Nyabwa language

Dida language

Kwa languages

Adele language

Ga language

Kru languages

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Gbe languages

Kordofanian languages

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	African Languages - Printer-friendly - ninemsn Encarta
		Of these, the Kordofanian languages number only 31, all with small populations; they are found in a small area of the Nuba hills in southern Sudan, surrounded by languages of the Nilo-Saharan family and by Arabic.
		North of the Bantu language area, in the north of the Republic of the Congo and adjacent territory, is a branch of the Volta-Congo subfamily, the North branch.
		Its largest branches are Zande and Ngbandi languages; an Ngbandi-based creole known as Sango is widely used as a lingua franca in the Central African Republic, and is growing in importance.
	au.encarta.msn.com /text_761565449___6/African_Languages.html (623 words)

	Senufo languages - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		15 languages spoken by the Senufo in the north of Côte d'Ivoire, the southeast of Mali and the southwest of Burkina Faso.
		The Senufo languages are bounded to the west by Mande languages, to the south by Kwa languages, and to the north and east by Gur languages.
		Most Gur languages to the north of Senufo have a two tone downstep system, but the tonal system of the Senufo languages is mostly analysed as a three level tone system (High, Mid, Low).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Senufo_Languages (752 words)

	African languages. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		These languages are spoken in all parts of the continent, from the extreme south up to the territory of the Afroasiatic languages of N Africa.
		Gur, or Voltaic, is made up of several language groups and includes Mossi, the dominant tongue of Burkina Faso, as well as the Dagomba and Mamprusi of N Ghana.
		Swahili, a Bantu tongue of the Niger-Kordofanian stock, was written before the European conquest of Africa (see Swahili language), and Vai, a language belonging to the Mande subdivision of Niger-Congo, employs an indigenous script developed in the 19th cent.
	www.bartleby.com /65/af/Africanlng.html (1428 words)

	Batya Gur; Israeli novelist, critic \| The San Diego Union-Tribune
		Gur's novels were best-sellers in Israel and were translated into many languages, drawing critical praise worldwide.
		Gur's novels were ostensibly police procedurals, they were no ordinary whodunits.
		Gur's settings were always closed societies – a psychoanalytic institute, a kibbutz, the world of classical musicians – whose tensions, factionalism and prejudices, critics observed, mirrored Israel's own.
	www.signonsandiego.com /uniontrib/20050617/news_1m17gur.html (348 words)

	Gur languages - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Koelle first mentions twelve Gur languages in his 1854 Polyglotta Africana, which represent ten languages in modern classification.
		Notably, he correctly identified these languages as being related to one another; his 'North-Eastern High Sudan' corresponds to Gur in modern classification.
		There are two main subgroups, Central Gur and Senufo, and a number of languages which are not subclassified further.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Gur_languages (298 words)

	National Commission On Culture
		Gur languages are sub-divided into sub-branches of related languages.
		In terms of numbers and size the Oti-Volta languages are more numerous and individually are spoken by larger populations than is the case with the Grusi languages.
		The Dagbani languages are officially sponsored by the Government of Ghana and are taught in schools and used in radio and television broadcasts.
	www.ghanaculture.gov.gh /index1.php?linkid=237&page=4§ionid=593 (1438 words)

	Gur languages -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		formerly Voltaic languages a branch of the Niger-Congo language family comprising some 85 languages that are spoken by approximately 20 million people in the savanna lands north of the forest belt that runs from southeastern Mali across northern Côte d'Ivoire, through much of Burkina Faso, to all of northern Ghana, Togo, and Benin.
		Many attempts to classify them have been inadequate because of the great complexity of the languages and because of a confusion relating language, “race,” and economy; for example, there was once a spurious view of...
		The Slavic languages are a group of related languages within the Indo-European family.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9075705 (810 words)

	Gur languages -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		A common property of Gur languages is the verbal (A distinct feature or element in a problem) aspect marking.
		Gur languages are (Click link for more info and facts about tonal) tonal.
		Koelle first mentions twelve Gur languages in his 1854 list ((Click link for more info and facts about Polyglotta Africana) Polyglotta Africana), which represent ten languages in modern classification.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/g/gu/gur_languages.htm (325 words)

	Batya Gur, Mystery Writer and Critic, Is Dead at 57 - New York Times
		Gur's settings were always closed societies - a psychoanalytic institute, a kibbutz, the world of classical musicians - whose tensions, factionalism and prejudices, critics observed, mirrored Israel's own.
		Gur was also a literary critic for Haaretz and an outspoken opponent of the government of Prime Minister Ariel Sharon.
		Gur is survived by her husband, Ariel Hirschfeld, a scholar and critic; her mother; a brother; and three children from a previous marriage, Haaretz reported.
	www.nytimes.com /2005/05/30/obituaries/30gur.html?ex=1275105600&en=0c434ddc2f1556a9&ei=5088&partner=rssnyt&emc=rss (462 words)

	Foundation For Endangered Languages. Home
		Loyalty to the ethnic language is in contrast to the wish to become an accepted and full member of the majority.
		This attitude is brought to Austria together with the language of the country of origin and is confronted with the new majority's language German, and its social norms.
		The language of the country of origin has taken the basilectal function (that Armenian should have) and is mostly the more emotional language or the language first acquired.
	www.ogmios.org /45.htm (2883 words)

	The Centre for Advanced Studies of African Society
		Notably the languages are spoken in Benin, Burkina Faso, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Mali, Niger and Togo.
		Due to their geographical configuration and the numeric importance of speakers the creation of cross-border language groupings is a requirement in order to accelerate integration and the socio-economic, cultural and political development of sub-regions, where populations, often, already live with the sentiment of belonging to a family.
		- Literacy and orthographic codification of the Gur languages
	www.casas.co.za /activities.htm (3568 words)

	Ama, a Story of the Atlantic Slave Trade: Texts and Sources: History of Ghana
		Their language and the language of the country, Guang, is Akan, and they possess residual traditions of origin of their own, separate from those of the ruling class, which, as we have seen, can be equated with those of the Akan states.
		Although the invaders have dropped their own language and have taken up that of the mass of the people, their conquest was too recent, and perhaps also not sufficiently positive, to result in a complete merging of the two stocks and their traditions.
		In western Dagomba, the invaders have totally eclipsed the original Gur kinship groups: the traditions, which are totally those of the invaders, refer significantly to the killing of the tengdanas, the priest-leaders of the original holders of the soil, and to marrying into their families.
	www.ama.africatoday.com /ghana_history_m.htm (2750 words)

	AFRICAN BY NATURE® - GLOSSARY OF TERMS
		A language family is defined as a group of related languages that derive from a common origin, and subdivided into branches composed of more closely related languages.
		Bantu languages are spoken in South Cameroon, in Gabon, Republic of the Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, Angola, Zambia, Malawi, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Namibia, Botswana and South Africa.
		But the bare form typically does not occur in the language: in the country of Botswana the people are the Batswana, one person is a Motswana, and the language is Setswana.
	www.africanbynature.com /glossary.html (10748 words)

	:: Gurtong Peace Project ::
		It consists of two words: a verb 'gur' and a noun 'tong'.
		'Gur' means 'to grind' or 'to blunt' and 'tong' means 'spear'.
		The words and the phrase have their origins in most Nilotic languages: Acholi, Jieng, Nath, Chollo, Pari and Anyuak.
	www.gurtong.org /gurtongname.asp (258 words)

	What Is Language? (from language) -- Britannica Student Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The language of the bees and some other kinds of insects, for instance, uses body movements.
		The Slavic languages are most closely related to the languages of the Baltic group (Lithuanian, Latvian, and the now-extinct Old Prussian), but they share certain linguistic innovations with the other eastern Indo-European...
		The secret to learning an oral language is to discover which sound patterns are associated with which meanings.
	0-www.britannica.com.library.unl.edu /ebi/article-203593 (922 words)

	Language Through Language: Guidelines for a Model Second-Language Program (from language) -- Britannica Student ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Two main varieties have been distinguished: the first includes the extinct South African languages !Ora and Gri (click for an audio clip of !Ora) and the dialects that were spoken along the southern Cape coast; the second type is Nama, also known as Nama/Damara and...
		Geographically the most widespread language on Earth is English, and it is second only to Mandarin Chinese in the number of people who speak it.
		A language family that covers a broad geographical region and a vast historical period, the Semitic language group is part of an even larger language family known as Afro-Asiatic, or Hamito-Semitic.
	0-www.britannica.com.library.unl.edu /ebi/article-203636?ct= (961 words)

	Languages
		Also known as "Realms-speak," Common is indeed the most common language of the Realms, acting as the standard language of trade and commerce, as well as communication, throughout the lands.
		Elvish, also known as "Espurar," is the most ancient of languages commonly used in the Realms, having remained relatively unchanged in the past millennia.
		Though perhaps the most beautiful language, with its measured meter and tempo, with an almost musical quality to it, it is a difficult language to master; non-native speakers are usually quite obvious.
	www.phoenyx.net /realms/languages.htm (498 words)

	Preface and introduction
		It is one of the languages officially recognized by the Ghanaian government, thus it is also taught in schools.
		Fisch (1912) tried to describe the main grammatical features of the language, and his work written in German early this century is certainly the first published material on Dagbani.
		The Dagbani language can be divided into two main dialects: the eastern one which is spoken around the traditional capital of DagbaN (Dagomba land), Yendi, and the western dialect spread in the Tamale area.
	user.phil-fak.uni-duesseldorf.de /~olawsky/hp-phint.htm (911 words)

	Grundlagenforschung Gursprachen I (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The project is concerned with the linguistic analysis of Gur languages - a language group of the Niger-Congo phylum spoken in several West African countries that still lacks appropriate documentation.
		By way of enabling and assisting research into several Gur languages and bundling international cooperation, the project is filling gaps and improving the knowledge about specific languages as well as Gur-internal relations and its language specific and comparative contributions provide incentives to studies of Gur-external relations.
		Synchronic and diachronic aspects of language contact, shift, change, and death are research fields that receive special attention in many of the studies on Gur languages.
	www.hu-berlin.de:54321 /forschung/fdb/english/PJ/PJ1908.html (165 words)

	The U of MT -- Mansfield Library LangFing Gur & Kwa
		You have reached the page on the Gur and Kwa sub-branches of the Niger-Kordofanian language family, which is just one part of the "Language Finger" homepage, which is an index by language to the holdings of the Mansfield Library of The University of Montana.
		Gur and Kwa are two of the sub-branches of the Western Sudanic sub-branch of the Niger- Congo branch of the Niger-Kordofanian family of languages.
		Yoruba is spoken in Nigeria, Benin, and Togo; it is one of the 4 national languages of Nigeria.
	www.lib.umt.edu /guide/lang/gurkwah.htm (1177 words)

	Central Gur languages - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Central Gur is a subgroup of the Gur language family, ultimately of the Niger-Congo phylum.
		The Central Gur languages are classified into six subgroups:
		Oti-Volta includes Mòoré (Mossi) and Gurma, two of the most spoken languages of Burkina Faso.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Central_Gur_languages (82 words)

	Bibliography of Dagaare Studies (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Language, Culture, and History in northern Ghana: An introduction to the Mabia linguistic group.
		The contribution of loanwords to the study of cultural history: An illustration with the Dagaaba of northwestern Ghana.
		The Structure of Ideophones in African and Asian Languages: The Case of Dagaare and Cantonese.
	www.hku.hk /linguist/staff_ab.DagaareBibliog.html (1487 words)

	L.C. Subject Headings Weekly List 18 (April 30, 2003)
		Collections of literature written in the Luxembourgish language are entered under Luxembourgish literature.
		Collections of literature from Luxembourg written in individual languages other than Luxembourgish are entered under specific headings for the literature, e.g.
		Collections of literature from Luxembourg written in several languages are entered under Luxembourg literature.
	www.loc.gov /catdir/cpso/wls03/awls0318.html (454 words)

	Ghana - The Peoples of the North (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Apart from the Guan-speaking Gonja, the Kyokosi or Chokosi (an Akan-speaking fragment), and the Mande-speaking Busanga in the northeasternmost part of Ghana, the ethnic groups to the north of the Black Volta speak Gur or Voltaic languages of the Niger-Congo linguistic family.
		Of the three Gur subfamilies, MoleDagbane is by far the largest, being spoken by about 15 percent of the nation's population.
		For centuries, the area inhabited by the Gur has been the scene of movements of people engaged in conquest, expansion, and northsouth and east-west trade.
	countrystudies.us /ghana/42.htm (470 words)

	israel today > Culture & Jewish Life > Israel’s own Agatha Christie
		Gur succumbed to cancer at the age of 57, but her legacy will live on through her extraordinary work.
		The daughter of Holocaust survivors, Gur earned a Master’s degree in Hebrew Literature from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.
		Gur is survived by her husband and three children.
	www.israeltoday.co.il /default.aspx?tabid=137&view=item&idx=590 (247 words)

	Linguist List - Web Resource Listings
		Language Aid: Language Aid International is an NGO that promotes the study of both local and foreign languages.
		Language Miniatures: A site on which 900-word essays are posted once a month in which a topic relating to all aspects of language and linguistics is presented in an easily readable, non-technical way.
		The language partner is someone who speaks the language you study as their native language and is studying your native language.
	linguistlist.org /sp/LangAnalysis.html (8176 words)

	Niger-Congo languages spoken in Nigeria (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Ijoid is a cluster of languages spoken in the southernmost part of Nigeria.
		Kwa is represented by Egun, a language spoken in Lagos State.
		The Gur languages are represented by Baatonun, which is spoken on the Western border of the country.
	www.uiowa.edu /intlinet/unijos/nigonnet/nlp/nigercon.htm (138 words)

	Fieldwork (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		I have completed a preliminary fieldwork in Ghana (March 4-June 3, 2003) on Bùlì and some other Ghanaian languages I am currently a visiting student researcher at the Department of Linguistics at University of Ghana again from September 2003 through the end of May 2004, continuing my fieldwork research in Ghana.
		Bùlì is a Gur language of the Niger-Congo Family spoken in northern Ghana.
		The exact number of the Bùlì speakers is unknown and it is said that Bùlì has approximantely 80,000 speakers in the Upper-East region of Ghana.
	web.mit.edu /hiraiwa/www/fieldwork.html (162 words)

	Fieldwork (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		I have completed a preliminary fieldwork in Ghana (March 4-June 3, 2003) on Bùlì and some other Ghanaian languages I am currently a visiting student researcher at the Department of Linguistics at University of Ghana again from September 2003 through the end of May 2004, continuing my fieldwork research in Ghana.
		Bùlì is a Gur language of the Niger-Congo Family spoken in northern Ghana.
		The exact number of the Bùlì speakers is unknown and it is said that Bùlì has approximantely 80,000 speakers in the Upper-East region of Ghana.
	www.l.u-tokyo.ac.jp /~hiraiwa/fieldwork.html (162 words)

	voltaic - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		- of Gur languages: relating to the Gur group of languages, spoken chiefly in Burkina-Faso and Ghana
		Volta was born in Como and educated in the...
		The Voltaic subgroup, also referred to as Gur, has speakers in Mali, Côte d’Ivoire, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Nigeria, and Burkina Faso.
	encarta.msn.com /encnet/refpages/search.aspx?q=voltaic (112 words)

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