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	Gus Hall
		Gus Hall (October 8, 1910 - October 13, 2000) was a labor organizer, a founder of the United Steelworkers of America trade union, a leader of the Communist Party USA and four-time U.S. presidential candidate on the CPUSA ticket.
		Hall was born Arvo Gustav Halberg in Virginia, Minnesota, one of the towns on the Iron Range.
		Hall argued that socialism in the United States would be built on the traditions of U.S.-style democracy rooted in the United States Bill of Rights.
	publicliterature.org /en/wikipedia/g/gu/gus_hall.html (906 words)

	Gus Hall (1910-2000): Stalinist operative and decades-long leader of Communist Party USA
		Hall was born Arvo Kusta Halberg on October 8, 1910 in the mining area of northern Minnesota.
		Hall, who began his political life as a revolutionist, embodied many of the political weaknesses that led to the transformation of the CPUSA into a counterrevolutionary instrument of the Kremlin apparatus.
		Gus Hall began his political life when the October 1917 Revolution was still young, and many millions of workers looked to it as a beacon for the future.
	www.wsws.org /articles/2000/nov2000/hall-n06.shtml (3498 words)

	Gus Hall Obituary from NY Times - Ron's Log
		Gus Hall, the zealous lifelong Communist who led the American branch of the party from the cold war through political oblivion in the post-Soviet era, died on Friday at Lenox Hill Hospital in Manhattan.
		Gus Hall was born Arvo Kusta Halberg on Oct. 8, 1910, in Iron, Minn., one of 10 children reared by Matt Halberg, a miner, and his wife, Susannah.
		Hall, freshly discharged from the Navy and unscarred by factional combat, was elevated to the national executive board under the new general secretary, Eugene Dennis.
	www.rbgilbert.com /log/gushall.html (2190 words)

	My Home Page
		Gus Hall, longtime leader of the Communist Party USA, died Friday in New York City of complications from diabetes.
		Hall was fined $500 for vandalism, and the steel company was forced to recognize the union.
		Hall volunteered for the Navy, served as a machinist mate, and was honorably discharged in 1946.
	home.att.net /~r.s.mccain/gushall.html (643 words)

	Guest Comment on NRO
		But it excludes the rather significant fact that Gus Hall was not merely another loyal Beantown fan, he was the head of the Communist Party of the USA.
		Gus Hall never ran a gulag, but that was not from a lack of trying.
		Gus Hall was, throughout his long life, in conscious complicity with attempts to keep the world in ignorance.
	www.nationalreview.com /comment/comment102500c.shtml (589 words)

	Red Biography: Gus Hall
		Hall was born Arvo Gus Halberg on October 8, 1910, in the Mesabi Iron Range of Minnesota.
		In the 1934 Minneapolis Teamsters strike (led by Trotskyist Farrell Dobbs), Hall was one of the young activists involved.
		Hall's wife and family received condolences from as far away as the Communist Party of Vietnam.
	reds.linefeed.org /bios/gushall.html (576 words)

	Guest Comment on NRO
		Hall finally ended up in Youngstown, Ohio, which in Party theory, was the kind of place that was supposed to be the breeding ground for the eventual Communist revolution — a working-class town in which the union workers belonged to the industrially organized CIO union, the United Steelworkers.
		While Hall was in Moscow, he must have seen and known about hundreds of his fellow Finns from Minnesota's iron range, who made the commitment to move to Moscow to help build communism, and provide necessary muscle for needed industrial laborers.
		At the war's end, Hall made yet another pilgrimage to Moscow, where he was obviously groomed for the Party's top leadership, a goal that he realized after leading a tough attack on the Party's previous leader, Eugene Dennis, whom he accused of not being servile enough to the Soviets.
	www.nationalreview.com /comment/comment102000e.shtml (859 words)

	Gus Hall - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Gus Hall (October 8, 1910 – October 13, 2000) was a labor organizer, a founder of the United Steelworkers of America trade union, a leader of the Communist Party USA and five-time U.S. presidential candidate.
		Hall was born Arvo Gustav Halberg to Finnish parents in Cherry, a rural community on Northern Minnesota's Iron Range.
		On July 22, 1948 Hall and 11 other Communist Party leaders were indicted under the Smith Act on charges of “conspiracy to teach and advocate the overthrow of the U.S. government by force and violence.” Hall spent eight years in Leavenworth Federal Penitentiary.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Gus_Hall (905 words)

	CNN.com - Gus Hall, American Communist Party boss, dies at 90 - October 16, 2000
		Hall died Friday at Lenox Hill Hospital in Manhattan of complications relating to diabetes, Scott Marshall, a Communist Party official, said Monday.
		Hall, whose name became synonymous with the American communist movement, said harassment had ranged from FBI surveillance of the party's Manhattan headquarters to his inability to get a credit card for many years.
		Hall is survived by his wife; their two children, Barbara and Arvo; and three grandchildren.
	archives.cnn.com /2000/US/10/16/obit.hall.ap (840 words)

	Communist Party USA - Eastern PA & DE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Avro Halberg, the son of immigrants from Finland, was born in Mesabi Iron Ridge, Minnesota, on 8th October 1910.
		Hall was indicted under the Alien Registration Act in 1948.
		Gus Hall remained National Chairman of the Communist Party U.S.A. until his death on October 13th, 2000.
	de.cpusa.org /Comrades/gus_hall.htm (309 words)

	OpinionJournal - Featured Article
		Hall says, "and we thought that maybe steady heat would be good for depression, as opposed to waking up in the cold and sleeping in the cold").
		Hall says, "is flourishing and chaotic." He receives about 300 new books of poetry every year, part of an avalanche that makes discerning the good stuff difficult.
		Hall says, is the 17th century, "the greatest time for poetry ever in the English language." The virtues of the era of Milton and Donne is a message he'll try to convey as laureate whenever the inevitable question comes asking for his advice to aspiring young poets.
	www.opinionjournal.com /editorial/feature.html?id=110008594 (1611 words)

	gushall (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Hall was an organiser for the Steelworkers Organising Committee (SWOC), a founding member of the United Steelworkers of America and a strike leader during the "Little Steel Strike" of 1937.
		Hall was famous around the world as a respected Communist leader and had warm relations with many heads of state.
		Hall is survived by his wife Elizabeth, also a founder of the USWA, a daughter, Barbara, a son, Arvo, two sisters and many grandchildren and great-grandchildren.
	www.ganashakti.com /old/2000/001023/world.htm (701 words)

	HistoryLink Essay:Gus Hall speaks at UW YMCA on February 10, 1962.
		On February 10, 1962, Gus Hall, leader of the American Communist Party, speaks at Eagleson Hall, headquarters of the University of Washington Young Men’s Christian Association, in an event that one YMCA official says “has brought the wrath of the town on us”(UW YMCA).
		A communist activist since 1926, Hall had been elected president of the party in 1959, after serving an eight and a half year prison term for advocating the overthrow of the federal government.
		When Hall’s supporters sought to rent space in the East Madison Branch of the YMCA in April 1983, the executive committee of the YMCA of Greater Seattle rejected the application, saying the principles of the YMCA and the American Communist Party were “incompatible” (Seattle Post-Intelligencer).
	www.historylink.org /essays/printer_friendly/index.cfm?file_id=3062 (335 words)

	For or Against Americanization? The Case of the Finnish Immigrant Radicals
		When historians claim that the Finnish-American workers' movement was hall socialism, they argue that it expressed a generalized class consciousness within the framework of workers' associations, which also served the immigrants as important ethnic institutions.
		Actually hall activities were a suitable means of keeping immigrants' cultural and intellectual life alive in a strange environment.
		The core of Finns in the IWW was foreign-born, as was the case for the supporters of the Socialist party of America, who finally during the period of World War II decided to quit all political parties in order to wait for the creation of an "influential political labor movement".
	www.genealogia.fi /emi/art/article274e.htm (6649 words)

	The Guardian (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Gus Hall was one of the most famous American communists.
		When Hall wanted to get a job in the steel mills, because of fllisting he knew he wouldn't be hired, so he changed it to Gus Hall.
		Hall was an organiser for the Steelworkers Organizing Committee (SWOC), a founding member of the United Steelworkers of America and a strike leader during the "Little Steel Strike" of 1937.
	www.cpa.org.au /garchve3/1022gus.html (528 words)

	gus hall obit (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Gus C.E. Hall, who directed the Christ House homeless shelter in Alexandria for more than 10 years until his retirement in 1995, died July 16 at the Wellmont Hospice House in Bristol, Va. He was 73.
		"Gus was a tireless advocate for the poor in the area," said Aaron Palmer, who worked with Hall at Catholic Charities for several years.
		Born in Russell County, Va., Hall served in the Navy during World War II and graduated from Lincoln Memorial University in Harrogate, Tenn. He pursued graduate studies at New York University and General Theological Seminary in New York City.
	www.catholicherald.com /articles/00articles/gushall.htm (460 words)

	People's Weekly World - Gus Hall remembered (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Gus Hall former national chairman of the Communist Party, was interred at Forest Home Cemetery (formerly Waldheim Cemetery), near Chicago, Sept. 20.
		Hall was one of the most famous American Communists, from founding member of the United Steelworkers of America (USWA) and a leader of the 1937 “Little Steel” strike to being one of 12 Communist Party leaders indicted on false charges under the unconstitutional Smith Act for which he spent eight years in prison.
		Hall’s remains were interred near the Haymarket Martyrs Monument, where the five murdered labor leaders, champions of the eight-hour day, are buried.
	www.pww.org /article/articleprint/2229 (1057 words)

	Gus Hall (1910-2000)
		Hall trat einer Partei bei, die der internationalen Arbeiterklasse und der Perspektive des internationalen Sozialismus den Rücken kehrte.
		Hall, der sein politisches Leben als Revolutionär begann, verkörperte viele der politischen Schwächen, die zu einer Verwandlung der KP der USA in ein konterrevolutionäres Instrument des Kremlapparats führten.
		Gus Hall begann sein politisches Leben, als die Oktoberrevolution von 1917 noch ganz frisch war und viele Millionen von Arbeitern sie als Fanal für die Zukunft ansahen.
	www.wsws.org /de/2000/nov2000/hall-n21.shtml (3498 words)

	THE OLD TOTALITARIANISM VS THE NEW, DECEITFUL KIND
		Gus Hall, Arvo Kusta Halberg, was born in Virginia, Minnesota, in 1910, one of 10 children of Finnish immigrants.
		Hall was no different from those today who have never given up on the philosophy of the 19th century Prussian thinkers from which the majority of today's most despotic philosophies have evolved.
		Though Gus Hall was a communist, there is more to admire in his activities than in those of the current crop of totalitarians.
	www.papillonsartpalace.com /old.htm (2742 words)

	Gus Hall, steadfast communist chief despite demise of USSR, dies at 90 [Free Republic]
		Gus Hall, steadfast communist chief despite demise of USSR, dies at 90 [Free Republic]
		Gus had a real nice mansion, even a yacht, altho the party faithful were NEVER invited to see nor even told about it.
		Somehow Gus had managed to get re-elected American chairman over and over again with a consistently and purportedly unanimity that would have embarrassed even some Communist heads of state, and it now appears that maybe there was some hankypanky going on to help him keep his flashy home and boat.
	www.freerepublic.com /forum/a39eb32df7061.htm (2490 words)

	The Model Garage
		It was a representation of all those small town shops that dotted the American landscape, a place where mechanics such a Gus did their magic.
		Although only a character in a magazine series, Gus Wilson was, and still is, the mechanic's mechanic.
		Gus was patterned after the small town natural mechanic that were so prevalent in the early days of motoring.
	www.gus-stories.org /the_model_garage.htm (245 words)

	Bulletin for the Emancipation of Labor: 4
		In the thirties, Hall worked as a militant union organizer in the midwest, where he was arrested twice during hard-fought strikes.
		Gus Hall was even denied a New York drivers' license.
		Led by Hall, the CP tirelessly propagated the falsehood that the interests of workers and other oppressed people could be advanced simply by keeping the Democrats in power, and so it is no surprise that the Times expressed the gratitude of the U.S. rulers to Hall.
	www.angelfire.com /ma/khaver/emancipation_4.html (808 words)

	A Halloween Meditation
		Gus Hall, longtime boss of the Communist Party USA, died at 90 earlier this month.
		Hall and his party were in perpetual costume.
		Hall “mellowed with age” and “painted pictures of woodpeckers” at his cozy home in Yonkers.
	www.pacificresearch.org /pub/cap/2000/00-10-31.html (479 words)

	Workers World Nov. 2, 2000: Gus Hall
		The death on Oct. 13 of Gus Hall, leader of the Communist Party USA from 1959-1999, has been the occasion for the capitalist press to dip deeply into their wells of poison ink.
		From the sarcastic tone of the bourgeois obituaries on Hall, one would think that exploitation is now a thing of the past in the United States, and that anyone who believes in the class struggle is under a delusion.
		Gus Hall himself was one of 12 CPUSA leaders indicted in 1948 under the Smith Act gag law, and he spent eight years in jail for his views.
	www.workers.org /ww/2000/edit1102.php (868 words)

	A comrade who left his mark [Free Republic]
		Hall’s comrades are striving "For socialism, a system that puts the working class and oppressed people in power.
		Hall maintained his equilibrium even while Communism crumbled: "My overall assessment is that what is going on is a step backward on a short-term basis but a step forward in the long term.
		Gus Hall may be gone, but his agenda lives on.
	www.freerepublic.com /forum/a39eca32b67c4.htm (1173 words)

	The Guardian (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In 1976, in a race where to vote for other than one of the two "main" parties is to be derided for "wasting" your vote, almost 60,000 Americans voted for the Communist Gus Hall for President.
		When the Smith Act was thrown out by the Supreme Court and Hall and others were released, he became instead a "political pedestrian": in an act of petty bastardry, the State of New York even revoked his driver's licence.
		Gus Hall learnt the truth of his parents' political position early in his working life, in the hardships of the logging camps.
	www.zip.com.au /~cpa/garchve3/1023cult.html (569 words)

	HistoryLink Essay:Gus Hall denied access to YMCA, in June 1983. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		In June 1983, the Young Men’s Christian Association of Greater Seattle bars Gus Hall, general secretary of the American Communist Party, from speaking at the East Madison YMCA, saying the principles of the YMCA and the Communist Party were “incompatible” (Seattle P-I).
		Hall’s appearance in Seattle was being sponsored by the Northwest bureau of People’s World, a weekly published in Berkeley, California.
		Juana Mangaoang, a member of the Washington State Board of the Communist Party, protested, saying that Hall had spoken at the Seattle YMCA “several years ago” (it was actually in 1962, at the University of Washington YMCA).
	www.historylink.org /essays/printer_friendly/index.cfm?file_id=3063 (208 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The CIO and Gus Hall also continued to publish the newspaper, urging workers to resist "state oppression" of the "repulsive capitalist classes" and encouraging continuation of the strikes and political action.
		The government argued that Hall and Thomas, as well as other members of the CIO had conspired since arriving in Cleveland to create an illegal syndicalist labor organization that pursued its objectives by illegal means, and that both Hall and Thomas had written and spoken, in violation of the above Syndicalism Act, to that end.
		Finally, Hall and Thomas were both responsible for the continued publication of the "Time for Struggle" in violation of the injunction.
	fas-history.rutgers.edu /clemens/examNo2constitsp03.html (2356 words)

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