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Topic: Gustav IV of Sweden

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	Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Gustav IV Adolf (November 1, 1778 – February 7, 1837), was King of Sweden from 1792 until his abdication in 1809.
		On October 31, 1797 Gustav married Frederica, daughter of Charles Frederick, grand-duke of Baden, a marriage which might have led to a war with Russia but for the fanatical hatred of the French republic shared by the emperor Paul of Russia and Gustav IV Adolf, which served as a bond of union between them.
		At the suggestion of King Oscar II of Sweden his body was brought to Sweden and interred in the Riddarholmskyrkan.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Gustav_IV_Adolf_of_Sweden (739 words)

	Sweden - MSN Encarta
		Gustav’s son and successor, Gustav IV Adolph, strongly opposed Napoleon of France, and in 1805 he participated in the Third Coalition against Naopleon, joining Britain, Russia, and Austria.
		Gustav was deposed by an army revolt in 1809.
		Sweden concluded two treaties, one with Russia in 1809, ceding most of Finland and Ahvenanmaa (Åland Islands), and another with France in 1810, by which a pro-Napoleonic policy was adopted.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761563138_11/Sweden.html (1418 words)

	Gustav III of Sweden
		Gustav was educated under the care of two governors who were amongst the most eminent Swedish statesmen of the day, Carl Gustaf Tessin[?] and Carl Scheffer[?]; but he owed most perhaps to the poet and historian Olof von Dalin[?].
		Gustav first intervened actively in politics in 1768, at the time of his father’s interregnum, when he compelled the dominant Cap[?] faction to summon an extraordinary diet from which he hoped for the reform of the constitution in a monarchical direction.
		The Peace of Värälä[?] saved Sweden from any such humiliating concession, and in October 1791 Gustav took the bold but by no means imprudent step of concluding an eight years’ defensive alliance with the empress, who thereby bound herself to pay her new ally annual subsidies amounting to 300,000 roubles.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/gu/Gustav_III.html (2083 words)

	Enlightened Absolute Monarchy in Sweden - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The elections held on the demise of the Crown resulted in a Gustav's partial victory for the Caps, especially among the lower orders; but in the estate of the peasantry their majority was merely nominal, while the mass of the nobility was dead against them.
		Hitherto Sweden had kept aloof from continental complications; but the arrest and execution of the Duc d'Enghien in 1804 inspired Gustav IV with such a hatred of Napoleon that when a general coalition was formed against the French emperor he was one of the first to join it.
		Gustav IV naturally rejected all the proposals of Alexander to close the Baltic against the English; but took no measures to defend Finland against Russia, though, during the autumn of 1807, it was notorious that the tsar was preparing to attack the grand duchy.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Enlightened_Absolute_Monarchy_in_Sweden (2007 words)

	Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Gustav IV Adolf (1778 - 1837) king of Sweden of the house Holstein-Gottorp was the son of Gustav III of Sweden and Sophia Magdalena of Denmark and born at Stockholm on November 1 1778.
		October 31 1797 Gustav married Frederica daughter of Charles grand-duke of Baden a marriage which might led to a war with Russia but for the fanatical hatred of French republic shared by the emperor Paul of Russia and Gustav IV Adolf which served a bond of union between them.
		On March 29 Gustav in order to save the for his son voluntarily abdicated; but on May 19 the Riksdag of the Estates dominated by the army declared that not merely Gustav but whole family had forfeited the throne.
	www.freeglossary.com /Gustav_IV_Adolf_of_Sweden (685 words)

	Sweden : In Depth : History \| Frommers.com
		Sweden's ties with the Hanseatic ports of Germany grew stronger, and trade with other Baltic ports flourished at the city of Visby on the island of Gotland.
		Sweden's greatest medieval statesman was Birger Jarl, who ruled from 1248 to 1266; during his reign, he abolished serfdom and founded Stockholm.
		Sweden evoked long-lived resentment from its neighbor, Norway, whose cities were leveled by the Nazi troops that had been granted free passage across Swedish territory.
	www.frommers.com /destinations/sweden/0243020044.html (3281 words)

	Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden : Gustav IV of Sweden (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Gustav IV Adolf (1778-1837), king of Sweden, of the house Holstein-Gottorp[?], was the son of III of Sweden">Gustav III of Sweden and Sophia Magdalena of Denmark, and born at Stockholm on November 1, 1778.
		On October 31, 1797 Gustav married Frederica Dorothea, daughter of Charles Frederick, grand-duke of Baden, a marriage which might have led to a war with Russia but for the fanatical hatred of the French republic shared by the emperor Paul of Russia and Gustav IV Adolf, which served as a bond of union between them.
		At the suggestion of King II of Sweden">Oscar II of Sweden his body was brought to Sweden and interred in the Riddarholm’s church[?].
	www.factbase.info /gu/gustav-iv-of-sweden.html (633 words)

	freedominfo.org: features - legislative transparency - sweden
		Sweden was also the first country in the world to establish an Office of the Parliamentary Ombudsmen, a body to which citizens can turn with complaints about the authorities.
		Constitutional reform in Sweden consists of a very rigid mechanism: two consecutive Riksdags must approve the amendment twice (the amendment is approved by a Riksdag, an election is held, and the new Riksdag must approve the amendment again).
		Sweden's public sector: In Sweden there are three democratically elected levels of government, all with their own powers and responsibilities: the Riksdag (Swedish Parliament) at national level, county administration boards at regional level and municipalities at local level.
	www.freedominfo.org /features/leg-sweden.htm (6148 words)

	Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Gustav IV Adolf (1778 - 1837), kingof Sweden, of the house Holstein-Gottorp, was the son of GustavIII of Sweden and Sophia Magdalena of Denmark, and born at Stockholm on November 1, 1778.
		On October 31, 1797 Gustav married Frederica, daughter of Charles Frederick,grand-duke of Baden, a marriage which might have led to a war with Russia but for the fanatical hatred of the Frenchrepublic shared by the emperor Paul of Russia and Gustav IV Adolf,which served as a bond of union between them.
		On March 29 Gustav, in order to save the crown for his son, voluntarilyabdicated; but on May 19 the Riksdag of the Estates, dominated by the army,declared that not merely Gustav but his whole family had forfeited the throne.
	www.therfcc.org /gustav-iv-adolf-of-sweden-54085.html (689 words)

	[No title]
		Sweden protected its new claim by building fortresses, the most famous of this, the castle of Viborg - on the Karelian Isthmus - which was founded in 1293.
		Sweden entered the Napoleonic wars as a neutral state though, being one of the founding members of the Armed Neutrality of the North, which also included Denmark and Russia as well as later, Prussia.
		Gustav IV Adolf actually imagined himself to be the saviour of Europe, who was destined, in a biblical sense, to fight the "French beast".
	www.multi.fi /~goranfri/background.html (3040 words)

	Sweden - IBWiki
		The Kingdom of Sweden is one of the founding member states of the Commonwealth of the Scandinavian Realm.
		It is a land of forests, bounded in the north by Samme and Finland, in the east by the Baltic Sea, in the west by Norway, and in the south by Denmark.(1)
		Sweden's Statsråd (State Council) decided to continue to remain within the Scandinavian Realm by paying homage to the candidate elected by the Scandinavian Rigsråd (Realm Council), Christian IX, from the House of Glücksburg, which is a junior line of the House of Oldenburg.
	ib.frath.net /w/Sweden (1357 words)

	Sweden - The Monarchy now and then
		Gustav III´s strong opposition to the French Revolution and its underlying ideas, led to the murder of Gustav III in 1792, the result of a conspiracy of a group of nobles.
		His great contribution to Sweden´s history was that during his reign he succeeded in transforming the monarchy step by step along the lines of the Swedish society of today.
		In 1973 the 27-year-old Carl Gustaf, the youngest of the Bernadotte monarchs, ascended the throne.
	www.society.at /318/htm/sweden2.html (1206 words)

	Charles XIII of Sweden - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		On the death of Gustav III, Charles, now duke of Södermanland, acted as regent of Sweden till 1796; but the real ruler of the country was the narrow-minded and vindictive Gustaf Adolf Reuterholm, whose mischievous influence over him was supreme.
		On the coming of age of Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden (November 1796), the duke became a mere cipher in politics till the March 13, 1809, when those who had dethroned Gustav IV Adolf appointed him regent, and finally elected king by Riksdag of the Estates.
		By the Union of Sweden and Norway in 1814 Charles became king of Norway under the name Carl II of Norway.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Charles_XIII_of_Sweden (421 words)

	Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Allegedly, Gustav Adolf was the biological son of Count Adolph Fredric Munck of Fulkila, though this has never been established.
		The betrothal was actually fixed for September 22, when the whole arrangement foundered on the obstinate refusal of Gustav to allow his destined bride liberty of worship according to the rites of the Greek Orthodox Church - a rebuff which undoubtedly accelerated the death of the Russian empress.
		Sofia Wilhelmina would marry Leopold of Baden, whose ancestor Victoria of Baden would marry into the House of Bernadotte, by way of Gustav V of Sweden.
	www.nebulasearch.com /encyclopedia/article/Gustav_IV_Adolf_of_Sweden.html (646 words)

	Swedish royalty
		Sweden was in fact a small country and did not have the capacity to compete with a huge state like Russia.
		Sweden declared its neutrality upon the outbreak of World War I and entered an allance with Denmark and Norway to defend their neutrality and common economic interests.
		Gustav VI was born in 1882 at Stockholm, Sweden.
	histclo.com /royal/swe/royal-swe.htm (1851 words)

	Napoleonic Wars - History - Sweden - Europe
		His son and successor, Gustav IV Adolph, was bitterly opposed to Napoleon of France, and in 1805 he joined the Third Coalition against him, composed of Britain, Sweden, Russia, and Austria.
		Sweden concluded two treaties, one with Russia in 1809, ceding most of Finland and the Aland Islands, and another with France in 1810, by which a pro-Napoleonic policy was adopted.
		Charles XIII was childless, and the Riksdag chose Marshal Jean Baptiste Jules Bernadotte, prince of Pontecorvo and one of Napoleon’s generals, as crown prince, in an effort to conciliate Napoleon.
	www.countriesquest.com /europe/sweden/history/napoleonic_wars.htm (253 words)

	Chronology of Sweden (1800-1814)
		Sweden's army in Pomerania is surrounded at Rügen by French troops.
		Gustav IV and his heirs are declared to have forfeited the Crown.
		Sweden is forced to make peace with Russia, ceding all of Finland, the Åland islands, and a north-eastern strip of Sweden.
	www.islandnet.com /~kpolsson/swedhis/swed1800.htm (1803 words)

	assassinations in history - History Forum
		The assassination of Gustav III was one phrase of the long struggle between Gustvian abusolutism and the Swedish nobility.
		Gustav III was shot by a former captain of the royal guards during a masked ball at the Opera House.
		Gustav IV was forced by the coup to abdicate and exiled to Switzerland where he lived as Colonel Gustavson.
	www.simaqianstudio.com /forum/index.php?showtopic=1115 (2264 words)

	Learn about Stockholm's rich history
		At the end of the Ice Age, glacial movements unlocked the land that was submerged underwater.
		Sweden, Norway, and Denmark later became governed by the same rule.
		Gustav IV led Sweden into the Third Coalition against France in 1805.
	www.internationalcircuit.com /stockholm-sweden/history.html (260 words)

	1809 - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		March 13 - Military coup ousts Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden - he is confined in the Gripsholm Castle.
		King Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden abdicates after a coup d'état and is later exiled.
		March 29 - The Battle of Oporto ends in disaster as 18,000 Portuguese soldiers are drowned in a rout after defeat by the French under Marshal Soult and the Battle of Medellin results in massive Spanish casualties in Extremadura, when Marshal Victor's cavalry routs their army.
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/1809 (1218 words)

	Titles of European hereditary rulers
		Sweden ceded Livonia, Estonia and Ingria to Russia (1721).
		Sweden ceded Bremen and Verden to the Elector of Hanover.
		Gustav IV, King of Sweden in 1792-1809, bore the title of Heir in Denmark to addition of the title of Heir in Norway.
	www.geocities.com /eurprin/sweden.html (6170 words)

	1809 - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		King Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden abdicated after a coup d'état.
		June 6 - Sweden promulgates a new Instrument of Government, which restores political power to the Riksdag of the Estates after authoritarian rule since 1772.
		The territory to become the Grand Duchy of Finland is ceded to Russia by the Treaty of Fredrikshamn.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/1809 (788 words)

	GMT GAMES: Gustav Adolf the Great: With God and Victorious Arms
		Sweden had been at war with the Polish-Lithuanian confederation under King Sigismund III since 1621, first to gain territory in Livonia and then Prussia.
		In the Prussian campaign that started in 1626, Gustav Adolf had finally brought the Poles to the field and defeated them in battle at Gniew, skillfully using terrain to offset the powerful Polish Hussars.
		Gustav Adolf sought to catch Wallenstein's army dispersed and defeat it in detail.
	www.gmtgames.com /mpgustav/main.html (1101 words)

	List of Finnish rulers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		This is a list of Finnish rulers, that is, the Kingss, ruling Dukes and Queenss of Sweden with Regents and Viceroys of the Kalmar Union, the Grand dukes of Finland (Tsars of Russia), up to the short lived dream of the Kingdom of Finland at independence in 1917.
		Finland's nearly 700-year association with the Kingdom of Sweden began in 1154 with the introduction of Christianity by King Eric IX of Sweden (Saint Eric).
		1130-1156 : Sverker I of Sweden (Sverker den ldre) - The House of Sverker
	www.knowallabout.com /l/li/list_of_finnish_rulers.html (574 words)

	Gustav III - Search Results - ninemsn Encarta
		Gustav III (1746-1792), King of Sweden (1771-1792), son of King Adolph Frederick, born in Stockholm.
		When Gustav succeeded his father, the power of...
		Gustav II Adolph, called Gustavus Adolphus (1594-1632), King of Sweden (1611-1632), who, for his brilliant leadership of the Protestant forces in the...
	au.encarta.msn.com /Gustav_III.html (111 words)

	info: Gustav_IV_Adolf_of_Sweden (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Gustav III of SwedenSuccessor: Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden; Date of Birth: January 13, 1746 1 (O.S.) Place of Birth: Stockholm; Date of Death: March 29, 1792; Place of Death: Stockholm; Place of Burial: Riddarholmskyrkan, Stockholm
		Oscar I of Sweden; Charles XIV of Sweden; Sigismund I of Sweden; Charles XV of Sweden; Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden; Charles...
		RoyaltyDigestCrown Princess Margaret of Sweden-Obituary- King Gustav IV Adolf of Sweden -Sweden-2-130-17.
	www.napoli-pizza.net /Gustav_IV_Adolf_of_Sweden.html (1065 words)

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