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Topic: Gutnish

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Gutnish language

Old Gutnish

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	Old Gutnish Encyclopedia Article @ Canst.net (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Old Gutnish was the dialect of Old Norse that was spoken on the island of Gotland.
		The root Gut is identical to Goth, and it is often remarked that the language has similarities with the Gothic language, the most well-known example being that Gothic and Gutnish called both adult and young sheep lamb.
		Most of the corpus of Old Gutnish is found in the Gutasaga from the 13th century.
	www.canst.net /encyclopedia/Old_Gutnish (832 words)

	ooBdoo
		The Old Gutnish dialect was spoken in Gotland and in various settlements in the East.
		In the 11th century, it was the most widely spoken European language ranging from Vinland in the West to the Volga in the East.
		It was written in the 13th century and dealt with the early history of the Gotlanders.
	www.oobdoo.com /wikipedia/?title=Old_Norse (3008 words)

	Gutnish - Medbib.com, the modern encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Gutnish is the old language of the Swedish island of Gotland.
		Today it still exists as a spoken language, but is greatly mixed with Swedish to the extent that it is considered a dialect of Swedish, and has many variants.
		The knowledge in the language is pretty weak both with the Gutnish people and the Swedes.
	www.medbib.com /Gutnish (80 words)

	Gutnish
		One misunderstanding is sometimes that Gutnish is merely a dialect of Swedish, but as it is a direct development of Old Gutnish, this perception is not correct.
		Gutnish had earlier its own writing system and was used in writing during the entire medievals up until the 17th century when Danish and later Swedish became the more dominating languages.
		Inspite the cease of Gutnish as a written language, it was still used as a spoken one for the following 400 years.
	gutnisku.imess.net /indexe.htm (317 words)

	Gutnish language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Gutnish (in Swedish gutamål or gutniska) is a language of the eastern branch of the North Germanic languages, spoken on the island of Gotland.
		It should not be confused with the Gotlandic dialect of the Swedish language (in Swedish gotländska), but many do, which might be a reason why it is not recognized as a separate language under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages.
		The present dialects of Gotland are descended from the Old Gutnish dialect of Old Norse.
	gutnish-language.iqnaut.net (108 words)

	Germanic Languages Encyclopedia Article @ Therewith.net (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The Western group would have formed in the late Jastorf culture, the Eastern group may be derived from the 1st century variety of Gotland (see Old Gutnish), leaving southern Sweden as the original location of the Northern group.
		The earliest coherent Germanic text preserved is the 4th century Gothic translation of the New Testament by Ulfilas.
		Note 3: The speakers of Norn were assimilated to speak the Modern Scots varieties, and the Gutnish language is today practically a dialect of Swedish.
	www.therewith.net /encyclopedia/Germanic_languages (1894 words)

	YourArt.com >> Encyclopedia >> fr:Goths (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		The number of similarities that existed between the Gothic language and Old Gutnish, made the prominent linguist Elias WessÃ©n consider Old Gutnish to be a form of Gothic.
		The most famous example is that both Gutnish and Gothic used the word lamb for both young and adult sheep.
		The fact is that virtually all of those phonetic and grammatical features that characterize the North Germanic languages as a separate branch of the Germanic language family (not to mention the features that distinguish various Norse dialects) seem to have evolved at a later stage than the one preserved in Gothic.
	www.yourart.com /research/encyclopedia.cgi?subject=/fr:Goths (3263 words)

	[No title]
		The sources for Old Gutnish are found in The law of the Guths (Guta Lagh) written down sometime around 1300, but also in runewritings on stones, churchwalls and other objects.
		Under 16th century Gutnish is still used as a written language, but it is here and during the 17th century that it is pushed away as a written language and is replaced by Danish and later Swedish but Gutnish continues to be used as a spoken language and does so for the next 400 years.
		Although much of the Old Gutnish is still used, it has still meant a pretty large change in the language because of danish/swedish influence and the lack of standardized ortography.
	gutnisku.imess.net /oldgut.htm (242 words)

	Germanic Languages
		It diverged from common North Germanic about 800 C. Its descendents were Danish, Swedish, and Gutnish.
		Gutnish is a contemporary Eastern North Germanic language spoken on the island of Gotland.
		It is first attested in legal documents of the fourteenth century C. Some authorities consider Gutnish to be merely a dialect of Swedish.
	softrat.home.mindspring.com /germanic.html (3010 words)

	LISTSERV 14.4
		There are a number of bible texts from 1742, which provide a younger corpus of Gutnish language documents, and I see you have not incorporated those into you investigation.
		Personally I believe after maybe a decade of throrugh studies of the whole corpus of Old Gutnish texts any judgement can be made on the relation between the two languages.
		I think that my conclusion (Gutnish is not Gothic, but Scandinavic) is based on facts.
	listserv.linguistlist.org /cgi-bin/wa?A2=ind0107&L=gothic-l&D=1&P=23751 (558 words)

	Theses from Uppsala University : 1951 - Medan världen vakar
		In Old Gutnish the nine short and long vowels of common Nordic are reduced to six of each.
		Broken and affricated forms are common and used alongside with unbroken and unaffricated forms: hier/hér, ier/ir, giara/gera etc. Also some consonants vary within certain words during most of the period: yftiR/yptir, húsfroya/húsproya etc. The case declension is regular and does not change much over the centuries.
		The investigation shows that Old Gutnish changed but slowly and the development towards the Gotlandic dialect of today had only just begun when the runes disappear at the beginning of the 17th century.
	publications.uu.se /theses/abstract.xsql?dbid=1951 (300 words)

	Gutnish (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Gutnish is one of the topics in focus at Global Oneness.
		Thjálfi (Old Norse) or Thjelvar (Old Gutnish) is a person (or two) from Norse mythology who appear(s) twice in Snorri's Edda and once in the Gutasaga.
		In Medieval and Modern Spain, the Visigoths were thought to be the origin of the Spanish nobility (compare Gobineau for a similar French idea).
	www.experiencefestival.com /gutnish (1106 words)

	Gotland
		The inhabitants of Gotland traditionally spoke their own language, known as Gutnish.
		Today however, they have adapted a dialect of Swedish that is known as "Gotländska", arguably one of the most beautiful dialects in the Swedish Language.
		In the 13th Century there was a writing published that contained the laws of the island, it was called "The Gotlandic law" (Guta lagh), and this work was also written in the ancient language Gutnish.
	www.danceage.com /biography/sdmc_Gotland (1099 words)

	Lesson Seven
		In essence, what has happened in Old Gutnish is that the accusative form has been generalised to include the nominative.
		Instead of the umlauted ö-vowel the Gutnish text has the un-umlauted 'a'.
		The u-umlaut effect, while remaining in full force in Icelandic up to the present day, was much less prevalent in other Old Norse dialects - and it is completely lacking from the dialect of Guta saga.
	www.hi.is /~haukurth/norse/olessons/lesson7.php?colors=0 (1586 words)

	softrat
		The North Germanic languages are modern Danish, Swedish, Norwegian (with two written variants, Bokmål or Dano-Norwegian and Nynorsk or New Norwegian), Icelandic, and Faroese, as well as the various dialects of these languages.
		North Germanic is historically divided into an East Scandinavian (Danish and Swedish) and a West Scandinavian (Norwegian, Icelandic, and Faroese) group.
		It is first attested in legal documents of the fourteenth century C. Many authorities would classify Gutnish as a dialect of Swedish.
	www.hum.uit.no /a/svenonius/lingua/history/history_3.html (3160 words)

	[No title]
		Became extinct after the islands were ceded to Scotland in the 15th century.
		Old Gutnish language evolved from Old (East) Norse.
		It shows sufficient differences from Old Swedish and Old Danish that it is considered to be a separate branch.
	www.verbix.com /xml/germanic_north.xml (77 words)

	Danish Language Encyclopedia Article @ MrsGermany.com (Mrs Germany) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Proficient speakers of any of the three languages can understand the others, though studies have shown that speakers of Norwegian generally understand both Danish and Swedish far better than Swedes or Danes understand any of the other languages.
		The approximate extent of Old Norse and related languages in the early 10th century: ██ Old West Norse dialect ██ Old East Norse dialect ██ Old Gutnish ██ Other Germanic languages with which Old Norse still retained some mutual intelligibility
		In the 8th century, the common Germanic language of Scandinavia, Proto-Norse, had undergone some changes and evolved into Old Norse.
	www.mrsgermany.com /encyclopedia/Danish_language (2624 words)

	Breeds of Livestock - Gute Sheep
		The name Gutefår (pronounced gooteh-fore) was formed in 1974 from the Swedish words (G) = Gotland and (ute) = outdoor, since the native sheep of Gotland always have been kept outdoors year round.
		The Gutnish name for the breed is honnlamb or hornlamb, meaning horned lamb or sheep.
		The sheep are pronounced seasonal breeders, the ewes coming into heat around the end of October - early November.
	www.ansi.okstate.edu /breeds/sheep/gute (754 words)

	Language
		It has been questioned whether Gotlandic is a dialect or a language.
		It has for instance been called, Gutamål (Gutic tongue) Gutiska (Gutic), or Gutniska (Gutnish).
		Sometimes it has also been called Gammal Gotländska (Old Gutlandish).
	home.swipnet.se /gutniska/language.htm (438 words)

	Norwegian language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The red area is the distribution of the dialect Old West Norse; the orange area is the spread of the dialect Old East Norse.
		The pink area is Old Gutnish and the green area is the extent of the other Germanic languages with which Old Norse still retained some mutual intelligibility
		The languages now spoken in Scandinavia developed from the Old Norse language, which did not differ greatly between what are now Danish, Norwegian, and Swedish areas.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Norwegian_language (4158 words)

	Definition of gutnish - Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary
		Click here to search for another word in the Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary.
		Visit Britannica.com for more information on "gutnish "
		Get the Top 10 Search Results for "gutnish "
	www.merriam-webster.com /dictionary/gutnish (55 words)

	FREELANG - Old Gutnish-English and English-Old Gutnish Free Dictionary
		Install this Freelang dictionary and browse both the Old Gutnish-English and the English-Old Gutnish lists.
		Customize your dictionary: change the background color and download (or create) a new logo.
		Freelang also provides a Free Human Translation Help Service, where you can contact a translator in Old Gutnish, a list of common Words in all Languages including Old Gutnish, many downloadable Fonts for Foreign Languages, and a shop where you can buy Handheld Electronic Dictionaries and Translation Software for all platforms.
	www.freelang.net /dictionary/old_gutnish.html (201 words)

	untitled1.html
		Speakers of Germanic languages spread across Iceland, Greenland, America, into Baltic and Slavic territory, and even south to Africa.
		Modern languages such as Swedish, Danish, and Gutnish, all from East Norse, and Norwegian, Faroese, and Icelandic West Norse are direct derivations of the Germanic subgroup.
		As the various forms of Germanic spread across both eastern and western Europe, the dialects which gave birth to Frisian, English, Yiddish, and Dutch.
	www.csun.edu /~lg48405/virtual/gtrack/tnakamur/lit_review.html (2598 words)

	Untitled Document
		Swedish - the official language of Sweden; also spoken in Finland
		Gutnish - a Swedish dialect, Gutnish is spoken on the island of Gotland in the Baltic Sea
		Faroese - the language spoken in the Faroe Islands
	lerc.educ.ubc.ca /LERC/courses/489/worldlang/german/classification.html (1533 words)

	LISTSERV 14.4
		R: [gothic-l] Re: Old Nordic, Gothic and Old Gutnish
		[gothic-l] Re: Gutnish and Gutnish documents et al
		[gothic-l] Re: Gutnish and Gutnish documents et al (147 lines)
	listserv.linguistlist.org /cgi-bin/wa?A1=ind0107&L=gothic-l (2762 words)

	InfoHub - View Single Post - Nordic languages
		Hey, Chinese is spoken in Denmark, so why not Jamtlandic?
		Now, there are many local scandinavian languages in Sweden which are almost extincted: Dalecarlian, Jamtlandic, Gutnish, various northern swedish dialects, Scanian etc. Amongst these, Dalecarlian and Jamtlandic have the greatest chances to survive.
		You can even study Dalecarlian at the university in Sweden:
	www.infohub.com /forums/showpost.php?p=16302&postcount=61 (327 words)

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