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Topic: Gwoyeu Romatzyh

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	Mandarin Phonetic Symbols II - the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Based on the earlier and complex Gwoyeu Romatzyh, the tentativeversion of MPS II was released on May 10, 1984 bythe Ministry of Education.
		Tonal spelling of Gwoyeu Romatzyh is eliminated, and syllables ofall tones are spelled identical (as in Gwoyeu Romatzyh's tone one).
		The Romanization of the consonants is identical to Gwoyeu Romatzyh's.
	www.world-knowledge-encyclopedia.com /?t=MPS2 (439 words)

	Mandarin Phonetic Symbols II - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Based on the earlier and complex Gwoyeu Romatzyh, the tentative version of MPS II was released on May 10, 1984 by the Ministry of Education.
		Tonal spelling of Gwoyeu Romatzyh is eliminated, and syllables of all tones are spelled identical (as in Gwoyeu Romatzyh's tone one).
		Gwoyeu Romatzyh's au persists (as opposed to the ao of Pinyin, Wade-Giles, and the later Tongyong Pinyin.)
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Mandarin_Phonetic_Symbols_II (510 words)

	Gwoyeu Romatzyh - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Gwoyeu Romatzyh (Simplified Chinese: 国语罗马字; Traditional Chinese: 國語羅馬字; Pinyin: Guóyǔ Luómǎzì), abbreviated GR, is a romanization (formerly used officially in the Republic of China) with complex spelling rules which allow for tonal distinctions (unlike most other Romanizations, which require additional diacritics or numerals).
		As a result of its tonal spelling, many letters in Gwoyeu Romatzyh are also used to signify tones and not actual segmental sounds.
		For example, the Pinyin and Wade-Giles ai is written in GR as one of ai, air, ae, or ay (tones 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Gwoyeu_Romatzyh (965 words)

	Guide to Gwoyeu Romatzyh (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Gwoyeu Romatzyh (also known as GR) is most closely associated with the name of Y. Chao, even though it was supposedly the product of a committee and even though the original inspiration for tonal spelling seems to have been Lin Yu-tang's.
		Romatzyh uses y for the final Pinyin writes as i after certain initials, as in Pinyin zhi (Romatzyh jy), chi (Romatzyh chy), shi (Romatzyh shy), ri (Romatzyh ry), zi (Romatzyh tzy), ci (Romatzyh tsy), and si (Romatzyh sy).
		Since Romatzyh uses only symbols that appear in the ordinary lower ASCII character set, it can be used to write fully tonal Mandarin on the internet or in telegrams, without forcing you to resort to all sorts of ad hoc tricks to indicate tone.
	www.languages.umd.edu /branner/yuenren/GwoyeuRomatzyh.html (2233 words)

	Mandarin Chinese
		Gwoyeu Romatzyh was devised by the Committee for National Language Romanization between 1926 and 1928, when it was adopted as the official romanization system of Mandarin in China.
		Gwoyeu Romatzyh is still used in Mandarin textbooks published by the Mandarin Daily News (Gwoyeu Ryhbaw) in Taipei.
		Gwoyeu Romatzyh uses differences in spelling to indicate different tones.
	www.omniglot.com /writing/mandarin.htm (894 words)

	History and Prospect of Chinese Romanization
		Gwoyeu Romatzyh (¹úÓïÂÞÂí×Ö) does not use any diacritic tone marks, but employs an ingeniously designed set of tonal spellings to mark tones.
		From the perspective of representational accuracy and ease of technical processing, Pinyin is only slightly better than Wade-Giles, while Gwoyeu Romatzyh and CWP Pinyin are by far superior to both standard Pinyin and Wade-Giles.
		Unfortunately, Gwoyeu Romatzyh is not as well-known as standard Pinyin, and neither is CWP Pinyin.
	www.white-clouds.com /iclc/cliej/cl4ao.htm (2590 words)

	Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic
		(many letters in Gwoyeu Romatzyh are also used to signify tones and not actual segmental sounds.
		The name Romatzyh (should be "Luomaatzyh") is parallel to Roma Rome quick summary:
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/g/gw/gwoyeu_romatzyh.htm (1895 words)

	Mae Mai: Mr. Shi Eating Lions
		It is a system for spelling modern vernacular Chinese from The Three “NOTs” of Hanyu Pinyin which has a short discussion about the Lion-Eating Poet in the Stone Den piece written by the linguist Yuen Ren Chao (pinyin: Zhào Yuánrèn).
		Zhào Yuánrèn was the leader group that created the romanization system known as Gwoyeu Romatzyh ("National Romanization"; pinyin: Guóyǔ Luómǎzì).
		He wrote the poem Lion-Eating Poet in the Stone Den to demonstrate that Classical Chinese should not be romanized with Gwoyeu Romatzyh.
	silpayamanant.blogspot.com /2005/09/mr-shi-eating-lions.html (507 words)

	Jordan: Romanized Chinese Data Base (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Gwoyeu Romatzyh (tonal spelling) GR spellings are given in all four tones.
		In Gwoyeu Romatzah, words borrowed from foreign languages and incorporated into Chinese retain their foreign spellings.
		For example, "Romanization" should be spelled "luomaatzyh" according to its pronunciation, but is officially spelt "Romatzyh" because "Roma" is the Italian spelling for the city of Rome, from which the term "Romanization" derives.
	weber.ucsd.edu /~dkjordan/chin/dbpinyin.html (390 words)

	Mandarin Phonetic Symbols II: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Gwoyeu romatzyh (pinyin: guóy luómzì), abbreviated gr, is a romanization (formerly used officially...
		(and syllables of all tones are spelled identical (as in Gwoyeu Romatzyh's tone one).
		Gwoyeu Romatzyh's au persists (as opposed to the ao of Pinyin Pinyin quick summary:
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /enc1/mandarin_phonetic_symbols_ii1 (1391 words)

	Home - Guoyu Romazi (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: (1926): Used in mainland China before the communist takeover in 1949.
		- The Romanization of the consonants is identical to Gwoyeu Romatzyh's.
		- Gwoyeu Romatzyh's au persists (as opposed to the ao of Pinyin, Wade-Giles, and the later Tongyong Pinyin.)
	guoyu.romazi.en.infoax.org (12180 words)

	Wade-Giles - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		This origin has led to a general sense that the system is non-intuitive for non-specialists and not useful for teaching Chinese pronunciation.
		The Republic of China has used Wade-Giles for decades as the de facto standard, co-existing with several official but obscure Romanizations in succession, namely, Gwoyeu Romatzyh (1928), MPS II (1986), and Tongyong Pinyin (2000).
		Chinese Romanization Converter - Convert between Hanyu Pinyin, Wade-Giles, Gwoyeu Romatzyh and other known or (un-)common Romanization systems.
	www.godseye.com /stat/en/w/a/d/Wade-Giles_c2d6.html (1216 words)

	Mandarin
		In 1932, a new system was devised for indicating the tone of a word and three initials were dropped, bringing the total number of MPS to today's 37.
		In 1928, the MOE promulgated a system of romanization for Mandarin called Gwoyeu Romatzyh, or the National Phonetic Symbols II.
		In 1984, the MOE adopted a modified form of Gwoyeu Romatzyh, in which tone spellings were replaced by tone marks.
	www.taiwan.com.au /Soccul/Language/Dialects/report02.html (383 words)

	Comment on Christianity in China \| Samizdata.net (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The reason many Western people have trouble learning Chinese is because they (and their linguistically unsophisticated Chinese teachers, unfortunately) don't know what to listen for.
		Gwoyeu Romatzyh makes tones perfectly clear without strewing numbers and slashes all over the place.
		Gwoyeu Romatzyh (GR) is a tonal romanization system designed by Chao Yuanjen and promoted by the "evil" Nationalist government -- it was rejected in favor a "proletarian" toneless system called "Sin Wenz" used to teach illiterate Chinese peasants working in the USSR to read.
	www.samizdata.net /mt/hippotime.cgi?entry_id=5704 (2495 words)

	languagehat.com: Comment on SHIH SHIH.
		Incidentally, is anyone still using Gwoyeu Romatzyh in the US (a good example, by the way, for your discussion on digraphs vs. untypable diacritics)?
		Lin Yutang's Chinese-English Dictionary used Gwoyeu Romatzyh together with a four-corners index, making the book almost entirely unusable for 95%+ of the people who would ever want to use it.
		I attended a Chinese program hosted by Princeton University and discovered that beginning students of Chinese at Princeton are still taught Gwoyeu Romatzyh (in addition to pinyin).
	www.languagehat.com /mt/mt-comments.cgi?entry_id=1545 (2552 words)

	Everything about MPS2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		- Like Gwoyeu Romatzyh, -iou, -uen, and -uei are all written out, unlike the Pinyin/Wade -iu, -un, and -ui.
		- Gwoyeu Romatzyh's iu (Pinyin ü) is written as -iu and yu (alone).
		- Gwoyeu Romatzyh's el is spelled now er (like Pinyin).
	sng.sv.wikimiki.org /en/MPS2 (12281 words)

	(Pinyin and Other Transcription Systems) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		At the university level, since most of the textbooks are developed either in North America by university professors themselves or in mainland China, more than 95% of the colleges and universities teach Pinyin.
		(As far as I know, only a couple of universities and colleges teach Gwoyeu Romatzyh and the students in those programs are encouraged to learn Pinyin when they go up to higher level Chinese courses.) Junior and senior high schools is where a better mixture of the two is found.
		Although claim has been made that Gwoyeu Romatzyh can help westerners (speakers of non-tonal languages) to master the tones of Mandarin better, to what extent this claim is empirically validated is unknown.
	www.unc.edu /~wli/pinyin.html (1142 words)

	Chyan Chyhbih Fuh (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The romanization is in "National Roman Characters" Gwoyeu Romatzyh (Kuo-yu Lo-ma Tzu/Guoyu Loma Zi), invented by the famous Chinese linguist Chao Yuen-ren (in the twenties of the last century) or at least most closely associated with his name.
		Although Gwoyeu Romatzyh, IMHO, doesn't at all seem too complicated for people really interested in (and - like myself - able to get familiar with in a couple of hours), it never had been a widely used system.
		Yet, remember, Gwoyeu Romatzyh can't be nothing else than a tool.
	www.fa-kuan.muc.de /CHYHBIH.RXML (676 words)

	Keywords » Language
		Today I look at the official address for my school, which was recently updated by the administration and all departments were required to follow suite.
		So, my work address effectively combines three different phonetic systems: Gwoyeu Romatzyh for the university name, Tongyong (or possibly Hanyu) Pinyin for the word 大, and what used to be called Postal System Pinyin for the word 學.
		What has confused me for the longest time is that I had no idea what romanization system was being used to come up with the spelling “Hwa.” It is certainly not one of the four main systems used in Taiwan.
	keywords.oxus.net /archives/category/language (4668 words)

	GRIME: a quick and dirty Gwoyeu Romatzyh IME (input method editor) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		GRIME: a quick and dirty Gwoyeu Romatzyh IME (input method editor)
		A Quick and Dirty GR (Gwoyeu Romatzyh) IME (Input Method Editor)
		There are various ways of typing Chinese into a word processor: Cangjie, BoPoMoFo, and of course, Pinyin, to mention but a few.
	home.iprimus.com.au /richwarm/gr/grime.htm (476 words)

	Language Log: How To Cook and Eat in Chinese
		To phonologists of a certain generation, he is known for his 1934 paper "The non-uniqueness of phonemic solutions of phonetic systems" which appeared in the Bulletin of the Institute of History and Philology of the Academia Sinica, part 4: 363-397 and is reprinted in Martin Joos (ed.) (1957) Readings in Linguistics pp.
		Chao was also known for the romanization of Chinese that he promoted, the Gwoyeu Romatzyh, whose distinguishing feature is that it indicates tone by changes in the letters used, not by diacritics.
		For an example, you might want to look at this version of Professor Chao's famous translation of an episode from Alice in Wonderland into Chinese.
	itre.cis.upenn.edu /~myl/languagelog/archives/001057.html (401 words)

	Chinese for Romanized Chinese characters; Go yu luo ma zi (Gwoyeu Romatzyh) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		To find out more information about each Chinese character in the term, click on a character link to the right of "Chinese Term".
		These related terms are related by the Chinese characters in "Romanized Chinese characters; Go yu luo ma zi (Gwoyeu Romatzyh)".
		Here are some terms related to the Chinese term for "Romanized Chinese characters; (Gwoyeu Romatzyh)".
	www.mandarinbook.info /directory/words/Romanized_Chinese_characters__Go_yu_luo_ma_zi__Gwoyeu_Romatzyh_.jsp (336 words)

	Jordan: Writings
		This is the full text of my 1972 book, which was slightly revised and republished in Taiwan in 1985.
		For the on-line version (the third edition) the Romanization system used to represent Chinese words has been changed from Gwoyeu Romatzyh to the now universal Pinyin, and the number of photographs has been roughly doubled.
		Chinese characters will display only if your computer is equipped to display them, but the book has been written so that it does not depend on them, so their absence should make no difference except to readers who know Chinese.
	anthro.ucsd.edu /~dkjordan/writings.html (1601 words)

	Romanization Converter (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The BoPoMoFo is in the GB encoding, but needs a Chinese viewing program (TwinBridge, CStart) to be visible.
		I'll be adding Yale and Gwoyeu Romatzyh and the ability to do extended Romanization strings.
		I'm interested in hearing your ideas and suggestions for this tool.
	www.mandarintools.com /pytable.html (158 words)

	Abecedaria: Yuen Ren Chao
		Tonight I am rereading parts of Language and Symbolic Systems, 1968, by Yuen Ren Chao.
		There was a lively discussion about YRC and Gwoyeu Romatzyh as well as his Alice translation on Language Hat last fall and in an article on Pinyin Info.
		Chao lead the work on Romanization and advocated the use of the alphabet as a parallel system for Chinese.
	abecedaria.blogspot.com /2005/06/yuen-ren-chao.html (595 words)

	Mandarin Chinese Travel Phrases (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Various romanization schemes have been developed for Chinese over the years, including...
		Gwoyeu Romatzyh, Hanyu Pinyin, IPA, Wade-Giles, and Yale,
		Mandarin using simplified characters, as written in China:
	www.travelphrases.info /languages/Mandarin.htm (208 words)

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