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Topic: Gymnosomata

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	Sea butterfly at AllExperts
		This term, however, is applied to the suborder Thecosomata as well as to the suborder Gymnosomata.
		Mollusks of the suborder Thecosomata have a shell, while the Gymnosomata lack a shell.
		Sea butterflies also make an appearance in the video game Animal Crossing: Wild World, where they may be caught in the ocean.
	en.allexperts.com /e/s/se/sea_butterfly.htm (429 words)

	pteropod (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The species have in common that the original foot has developed into a pair of 'wings' (parapodia), increasing the animals' capacity of buoyancy and locomotion.
		The various lower taxonomic units are characterised by rather specialised reproductive and feeding mechanisms, and anatomical structures, such as the mantle appendages in the Euthecosomata, or the 'hooks' in the Gymnosomata.
		In the Gymnosomata embryonic shells are only present during the first days after hatching after which they are shed.
	sites.waldonet.net.mt /ariewe/pteropod.htm (838 words)

	Opisthobranchia (Mollusca, Gastropoda) - more than just slimy slugs. Shell reduction and its implications on defence ...
		The hypobranchial gland in the roof of the mantle cavity is small and consists of violet-staining epithelial cells indicating acid mucopolysaccharides (Fig.
		Whereas complete loss of the shell is not known from any member of the small taxon Tylodinoidea (about 15 species), this character state occurs in the stemline of the Nudibranchia and Gymnosomata.
		When estimating species numbers with no shell or a rather tiny internal shell and comparing this to the number of species with a larger external shell, the former outnumber the latter by far.
	bmc.ub.uni-potsdam.de /1742-9994-2-3/text.htm (6778 words)

	Amazon.com: The order Anaspidea, by Robert D. Beeman. Thecosomata and Gymnosomata, by John A. McGowan (The Veliger, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Thecosomata and Gymnosomata, by John A. McGowan (The Veliger, v.3: Supplement, pt.2): Books: Robert David Beeman
		This item is not eligible for Amazon Prime, but over a million other items are.
		Thecosomata and Gymnosomata, by John A. McGowan (The Veliger, v.3: Supplement, pt.2) (Unknown Binding)
	www.amazon.com /Anaspidea-Beeman-Thecosomata-Gymnosomata-McGowan/dp/B0007HTDHW (365 words)

	Current research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Material recently made available from the Estepona area (Málaga, Spain) is currently under study and will be published separately.
		Holoplanktonic Mollusca (Heteropoda, Janthinidae, Thecosomata, and Gymnosomata) from the Pliocene of Pangasinan (Luzon, Philippines)
		Small samples collected by colleagues W. Renema and J. de Vos (National Museum of Natural History, Leiden, The Netherlands) yielded a surprising number of heteropod and pteropod species, among which various undescribed taxa.
	sites.waldonet.net.mt /ariewe/currentresearch.htm (699 words)

	Costs and Benefits of Opisthobranch Swimming and Neurobehavioral Mechanisms -- Dennis Willows 41 (4): 943 -- American ...
		[Gymnosomata] and Limacina helicina [Thecosomata]) spend a large
		Ecological role for pteroenone, a novel antifeedant from the conspicuous antarctic pteropod Clione antarctica (Gymnosomata: Gastropoda).
		Edmunds, M. On the swimming and defensive response of Hexabranchus marginatus (Mollusca, Nudibranchia).
	icb.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/41/4/943 (3725 words)

	Clione (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Phylum Mollusca / Class Gastropoda / Subclass Opisthobranchia / Order Gymnosomata / Family Clionidae
		Few gelatinous animals would be regarded as "cute", but perhaps this shell-less pteropod comes close.
		All photographs © David Wrobel and may not be used or copied without permission!
	jellieszone.com /clione.htm (263 words)

	Russell-pp11-50 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		If they are prepared with the chrom-osmic mixture, their form is perfectly preserved, but the transparency is partly lost.
		The Gymnosomata are placed in chloral hydrate solution of 0.1 of 1 per cent for from six to twelve hours and then are quickly killed with acetic acid or sublimate.
		Good preparations of Cliopsis have been made by letting the animals die in chromic acid of one-fourth of 1 per cent.
	www.mbl.edu /BiologicalBulletin/CLASSICS/Russell/Russell-pp11-50.html (16528 words)

	Buzzstuff: My friends, the cliones.
		And, as if I had to tell you this, they have three pairs of feeding structures known as buccal cones, which are normally retracted.
		These little dudes feed almost exclusively on the small thecosome pteropod, Limacina, which I'm sure you already knew, and they are in the Class Gastropoda / Subclass Opisthobranchia / Order Gymnosomata / Family Clionidae.
		Yeah, I barely have any idea what I just said, but damn, these little fellas are cute.
	www.buzzstuff.net /archives/005158.php (486 words)

	BZN 61(3) Comments
		We are pleased to see that the homonymy between CLIONIDAE Rafinesque, 1815 (Mollusca, Pteropoda, Gymnosomata) and CLIONIDAE d'Orbigny, 1851 (Porifera, Hadromerida) has finally been raised.
		Therefore, a family-group name ‘Clionidia Rafinesque, 1815’ has neither validity nor standing, and the next available name must be brought into use.
		As pointed out by Bouchet and Rützler in their application, the similarity of the names Clio Linnaeus, 1767 (Mollusca, Thecosomata) and Clione Pallas, 1774 (Mollusca, Gymnosomata) has meant that usage of them both has been extremely confused.
	www.iczn.org /BZNSeptember2004comments.htm (4159 words)

	Definition of pteropod - Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary
		Etymology: New Latin Pteropoda, group name, from Greek pteron wing + New Latin -poda
		: any of the opisthobranch mollusks comprising two orders (Thecosomata and Gymnosomata) and having the anterior lobes of the foot expanded into broad thin winglike swimming organs
		Learn more about "pteropod" and related topics at Britannica.com
	www.m-w.com /cgi-bin/dictionary?book=Dictionary&va=pteropods (58 words)

	Evidence that the Central Pattern Generator for Swimming in Tritonia Arose from a Non-Rhythmic Neuromodulatory Arousal ...
		Clione limacina (Order: Gymnosomata) swims constantly by flapping specialized wing-like parapodia.
		The pteropod, Clione limacina (Order: Gymnosomata) differs from
		The order Gymnosomata is thought to have arisen from an ancestor
	icb.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/41/4/962 (5561 words)

	Gymnosome - Crucibranchaea
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	www.imagequest3d.com /catalogue/micromarine/pages/g040_jpg.htm (96 words)

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