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	Gytheio - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The reputed founders of ancient Gythium were Heracles and Apollo, who frequently appear on its coins: the former of these names may point to the influence of Phoenician traders, who, we know, visited the Laconian shores at a very early period.
		Subsequently Gythium formed the most important of the Eleutherolaconian towns, a group of twenty-four, later eighteen, communities leagued together to maintain their autonomy against Sparta and declared free by Caesar Augustus.
		The highest officer of the confederacy was the general, who was assisted by a treasurer (rauias), while the chief magistrates of the several communities bore the title of ephors.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Gytheio (472 words)

	Gythium - LoveToKnow 1911
		GYTHIUM, the harbour and arsenal of Sparta, from which it was some 30 m.
		The town lay at the N.W. extremity of the Laconian Gulf, in a small but fertile plain at the mouth of the Gythius.
		This page was last modified 17:50, 26 Jul 2006.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Gythium (259 words)

	Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, page 1134 (v. 2) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		His troops sustained some losses in engagements with the enemy, and Gythium, the arsenal of Sparta, was taken.
		Directions were given by the senate to the praetor, Atilius, to repel the aggressions of Nabis ; but before his arrival it was deemed necessary by the Achaeans, who were again headed by Philopoemen, at once to relieve Gythium.
		The attempts of Philopoemen to effect this by sea failed, to some extent, from his having placed his admiral, Tiso, on board a large ship which was utterly unseaworthy, and went to pieces at the first shock; and notwithstanding a favourable diversion by land, Gythium was taken by Nabis, and Philopoemen retired to Tegea.
	www.ancientlibrary.com /smith-bio/2242.html (1086 words)

	Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, page 318 (v. 3) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		The tyrant, nothing loth, forthwith proceeded to attack Gythium and the other maritime towns of Laconia, and made incursions into the territories of the Achaeans.
		At first the Achaeans would not take up arms, and sent an embassy to Rome to learn the senate's pleasure ; but the danger of Gythium at length became so pressing, that they commanded Philopoemen to relieve the town at once.
		His attempt to effect this by sea failed, in consequence of the inefficiency of his fleet, and the town was taken by assault on the very day that Philopoemen began to march against Sparta in order to create a diversion by land.
	www.ancientlibrary.com /smith-bio/2652.html (937 words)

	History of Sparta
		Nabis[?] was forced to capitulate, evacuating all his possessions outside Laconia, surrendering the Laconian seaports and his navy, and paying an indemnity of 500 talents (Livy xxxiv.
		On the departure of the Romans he succeeded in recovering Gythium, in spite of an attempt to relieve it made by the Achaeans under Philopoemen, but in an encounter he suffered a crushing defeat at the hands of that general, who for thirty days ravaged Laconia unopposed.
		Nabis was assassinated in 192 BC, and Sparta was forced by Philopoenien to enroll itself as a member of the Achaean League under a phil-Achaean aristocracy.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/hi/History_of_Sparta.html (3019 words)

	Epikrisis of a Roman Soldier
		In the bend of the seaboard one comes, first, to a headland that projects into the sea, Taenarum, with its Temple of Poseidon situated in a grove; and secondly, near by, to the cavern through which, according to the myth-writers, Cerberus was brought up from Hades by Heracles.
		v (2) After Taenarum, on the voyage to Onugnathus and Maleae, one comes to the city Psamathus; then to Asine and to Gythium, the seaport of Sparta, situated at a distance of two hundred and forty stadia from Sparta.
		The roadstead of the seaport was dug by the hand of man, so it is said.
	www.csun.edu /~hcfll004/strabo-messenian.html (738 words)

	About Helen of Troy
		It was Aphrodite herself, though, who had pronounced a curse on Tyndarcus that his daughters Clytemnestra, Timandra, and Helen would be adulteresses, and she probably did not allow for such an excuse as involuntary adultery.
		At Gythium, the port of Sparta, they embarked after Paris dedicated a sanctuary to Aphrodite Migonitis in appreciation for her assistance.
		Or maybe it made good sense to erect the sanctuary at Gythium to Aphrodite, who might otherwise give them trouble at a later time.
	www.english.uiuc.edu /Maps/poets/g_l/hd/abouthelen.htm (4454 words)

	Apolyton Civilization Forums > Alpha Centauri > AC-Democracy Team Game > ACDG3 Spartans > Base and Unit ...
		Gythium Harbour - GH Sector Craterwest - SC3
		Gun skimship SCC Invincible of Gythium Harbour, under command of Lt-Commander Dissident.
		Laser foil SCC Hunter of Gythium Harbour, under command of Lieutenant Primus Pilus.
	apolyton.net /forums/t126978-s.html (479 words)

	Multiple fields and archaeological practice: William Martin Leake (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		On April 3, Leake passed by Paleópoli where he identified the site as ancient Gythium (for a subsequent topographical treatment of the area following in the topographical tradition associated with Leake, refer to Forster 1907).
		Leake was astonished that none of the Roman structures piqued the interest of the ancient author Pausanias (regarding Pausanias’ ambivalence toward Roman structures refer to Alcock 1993, 27-29).
		Given the same instrumental mixture (machinic assemblage), transforming ramparts of a citadel into a series of grid coordinates involves a similarly structured engagement, a routine, whether one is at the site of Roman Gythium or the Bronze Age citadel of Tiryns.
	traumwerk.stanford.edu:3455 /multiplefields/357?view=print (4739 words)

	History of Ancient Sparta
		Epameinondas who understood the danger of an attack towards the city in human loss, abandoned any further attempts to conquer the city.
		From there, burning and plundering villages, he marched towards the port and arsenal of Sparta, Gythium, which he attempted to conquer for three days, without success.
		Epameinondas then returned to Arcadia and under his supervision a new city was built at the banks of the river Helisson, as the capital of the Arcadian confederation and it was named Megalopolis (the big city).
	www.sikyon.com /Sparta/history_eg.html (10532 words)

	Custom essay on History / Sparta - Essay Empire
		Like other early Greek poleis, Sparta (or Lacedaemon, as it was often called in antiquity) began to experience difficulties in satisfying its needs from its own territory.
		Sparta was located inland, with the nearest port, Gythium, 27 miles to the south.
		This atypical location encouraged the city to seek a novel solution to the need for land to feed a growing population, a solution that would determine the course of future Spartan development.
	www.essayempire.com /customessay/history/sparta/105.html (1993 words)

	... < G R E E C E >...
		In the Greek War of Independence (1821-29), inhabitants of the Máni peninsula played a prominent part.
		The most important archaeological work--apart from that in Sparta, Gythium, and Vapheio--has been the systematic survey of Laconia begun in 1904 by the British School of Athens and continued intermittently.
		In antiquity the Taygetus range yielded iron and marble, while green porphyry (lapis lacedaemonius) was quarried at Croceae (modern Krokeaí).Hard stones, naked hillsides.
	www.grecian.net /GREECE/peloponissos/laconia/laconia.htm (665 words)

	sartan information,spartan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		The site is strategically sited,guarded from three sides by mountains, and controls the routes by which an army can penetrate Laconia and the southernPeloponnessus and the LanghdaPass over Mt Taygetus connecting Laconia and Messenia.
		At the same time its distance from the sea—Sparta is 27 miles from its seaport, Gythium —made it difficult to blockade.
		Sparta was the main superpower in ancientGreece before the rise of Athens after the Persian Wars.
	www.vsearchmedia.com /sartan.html (2664 words)

	The Imperial Cult During the Life of Tiberius
		The following is from an inscription containing Tiberius' reply to a c.
		to the superintendents and city of Gythium, greetings.
		Decimus Turranius Nicanor, the envoy sent by you to me and my mother, transmitted to me your letter to which were appended the measures passed by you in reverence to my father and in my honor.
	www.ancientworlds.net /aw/Post/266278 (859 words)

	Laconia, Gythium, ancient coins index with thumbnails - WildWinds.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Laconia, Gythium, ancient coins index with thumbnails - WildWinds.com
		Entry for Gythium on the Digital Historia Numorum
		Search for Gythium in the British SNG Volumes' Database at the Fitzwilliam Museum
	www.wildwinds.com /coins/greece/laconia/gythium/t.html (49 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		During a Going Home Segment (either Operations or Combat phase), where are Allied SPs placed if all the locations listed for that unit type on the Post-Combat Movement Table are enemy-controlled?
		All Allied Land SPs (Hoplite and Cavalry) are placed in either Athens or Sparta, whereas all Allied Naval SPs are placed in either Pireaeus or Gythium.
		If Pireaeus or Gythium are enemy-controlled, then the Allied Naval SPs are eliminated.
	grognard.com /errata/pelop.txt (719 words)

	The Battle for Troy (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Another version blamed the Goddess Aphrodite: claiming that she deceived Helen by changing the appearance of Paris to look like Menelaus.
		On the return voyage to Troy, Paris erected a sanctuary at Gythium to the Goddess Aphrodite, who might otherwise give them trouble at a later time.
		At this time Paris had not slept with Helen.
	www.ufodigest.com /quest22.html (1100 words)

	Works of Lucian, Vol. IV: Dialogues of the Hetaerae: XIV (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		Ah, and I was forgetting that great cheese from Gythium.
		It was all that my pay would run to, Myrtale; I was but a common seaman in those days.
		My earrings were a present of his too, and so was that rug; and he gave me two minae the other day, besides paying our rent.
	www.sacred-texts.com /cla/luc/wl4/wl418.htm (601 words)

	Philopoemen (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-25)
		For he was not only put to the worst in the fight for want of skill, but having rigged up an old ship, which had been a famous vessel forty years before, and shipped his citizens in her, she foundering, he was in danger of losing them all.
		But finding the enemy, as if he had been driving out of the sea, had, in contempt of him besieged Gythium, he presently set sail again, and taking them unexpectedly, dispersed and careless after their victory, landed in the night, burnt their camp, and killed a great number.
		A few days after, as he was marching through a rough country, Nabis came suddenly upon him.
	www.english.upenn.edu /Projects/knarf/Plutarch/philo.html (5897 words)

	Religion
		Note that the next two selections refer to a period of Tiberius’s rule as emperor after the death of Augustus.
		For whom does Tiberius believe it is suitable for the town of Gythium to decree "honors, suitable for the gods" (381)?
		What precedent had Augustus set with regard to emperor worship in Pergamum in the province of Asia (382)?
	academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu /classics/dunkle/courses/religion.htm (2242 words)

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