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Topic: HFS Plus

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	HFS Plus - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		HFS Plus is an improved version of HFS, supporting much larger files (block addresses are 32-bit length instead of 16-bit) and using Unicode (instead of Mac OS Roman) for naming the items (files, folders).
		HFS Plus was introduced with the January 19, 1998 release of Mac OS 8.1.
		The HFS Plus Catalog File is very similar to the HFS Catalog File, the main differences being records are larger to allow more fields and to allow for those fields to be larger (for example to allow the longer 255-character unicode file names in HFS Plus).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/HFS_Plus (1629 words)

	Hierarchical File System - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		HFS is the name used by developers, but in user documentation the format is referred to as Mac OS Standard to differentiate it from its successor HFS Plus which is called Mac OS Extended.
		HFS also re-designed various structures to be able to hold larger numbers, 16-bit integers being replaced by 32-bit almost universally.
		HFS is still supported by current versions of Mac OS, but starting with Mac OS X an HFS volume cannot be used for booting.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Hierarchical_File_System (1561 words)

	HFS Plus - TheBestLinks.com - Apple Computer, Apple Macintosh, B-tree, File system, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		HFS Plus is a volume format (or disk file system) created by Apple Computer for storing files on hard disks and other types of storage devices.
		HFS Plus was first supported by Mac OS 8.1, released on January 19, 1998.
		HFS Plus was designed to replace Hierarchical File System (HFS) as the primary file system used with Macintosh computers.
	www.thebestlinks.com /HFS_Plus.html (397 words)

	Technical Note TN1150: HFS Plus Volume Format
		HFS Plus is a specification of how a volume (files that contain user data, along with the structure to retrieve that data) exists on a disk (the medium on which user data is stored).
		The structure of the B-trees on an HFS Plus volume is a closely related to the B-tree structure used on an HFS volume.
		It is legal to initialize an HFS Plus volume with different node sizes, but the node sizes must be large enough for an index node to contain two keys of maximum size (plus the other overhead such as a node descriptor, record offsets, and pointers to children).
	developer.apple.com /technotes/tn/tn1150.html (11400 words)

	HFS Plus: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		HFS Plus was introduced with the January 19 1998 release of Mac OS 8.1 Mac OS 8 quick summary:
		HFS Plus is the name used by developers, EHandler: no quick summary.
		HFS Plus volumes are divided into sectors (called logical blocks in HFS), EHandler: no quick summary.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/h/hf/hfs_plus2.htm (2197 words)

	NationMaster.com - Encyclopedia: Filesystem (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		More formally, a file system is a set of abstract data types that are implemented for the storage, hierarchical organization, manipulation, navigation, access, and retrieval of data.
		It is case-preserving (the HFS+ remembers and displays the case of filename, but does not allow multiple files with the same name in the same folder differing only by case).
		HFS Plus uses a larger value to address allocation blocks than HFS, 32 bits rather than 16 bits; this means it can access 4,294,967,296 allocation blocks rather than the 65,536 allocation blocks available to HFS.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Filesystem (3008 words)

	Definition of HFS Plus
		HFS Plus is an improved version of HFS, supporting much larger files (64 bit length instead of 32 bit) and using Unicode (instead of MacRoman) for naming the items (files, folders).
		HFS Plus permits filenames up to 255 characters in length, and n-forked files similar to NTFS, though access to forks other than the data fork and resource fork requires use of separate APIs, for backward compatibility with HFS.
		However, in 2003 Mac OS X version 10.3 set all HFS Plus volumes on all Macs to be journaled by default.
	www.wordiq.com /definition/HFS_Plus (1150 words)

	Reality News
		HFS Plus attempts to correct the primary problem of HFS (allocation block size), and add support for a few critical features that are likely to be needed in the future.
		HFS Plus has an attributes file (another B-tree) that can be used to manage and store Metadata Since it is part of the volume format, the attributes can be kept with the file as it is moved or renamed, and can be deleted when the file is deleted.
		HFS Plus has as part of its volume format a special startup file that is described in the volume header (similar to the HFS Master Directory Block), not in the catalog.
	www.appleinsider.com /archives/111097/news.shtml (3486 words)

	HFS and HFS Plus in FreeBSD
		HFS supports as little as two forks per file, "data" and "resource." HFS Plus was designed to allow for numerous named forks.
		HFS Plus) under the Apple Public Source License [APSL] as a part of Darwin, which created a nice opportunity to port it to FreeBSD.
		HFS and HFS Plus in FreeBSD may be of particular value to parties interested in sharing filesystem resources over a network from FreeBSD to MacOS, because there will be no need to emulate HFS-specific features unlike in the case of FFS backing store.
	people.freebsd.org /~yar/hfs (953 words)

	Rixstep (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		HFS+ builds on HFS, Apple's original 'hierarchical file system', the re-write of the best forgotten Macintosh Filing System (MFS), which Apple researched for two years prior to the release of the first Macintosh.
		An HFS drive is limited, by virtue of the storage used for denoting a block index, to 64K allocation blocks.
		HFS+ was the expansion of HFS to take into account the use of larger storage devices and larger files on those storage devices.
	rixstep.com /2/20031102,00.html (2257 words)

	PlusMaker Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		HFS Plus is the common name used to identify a new disk format introduced by Apple in Mac OS 8.1.
		The most significant improvement in HFS Plus is an incredible improvement in file storage efficiency achieved by an equally incredible reduction in allocation block size.
		If 4 bytes were used instead, HFS could keep track of 65,535 disk sectors using 2 bytes to record the disk sector that a file fragment starts in and another 2 bytes to record the number of disk sectors in a file fragment.
	www.alsoftinc.com /plusmakerfaq.html (2424 words)

	3.2. Apple Macintosh
		The HFS superblock is stored 1024 bytes into the device, independent of sector size (which is assumed to be 512 bytes in general).
		HFS hit some limits with growing disk sizes (compare FAT16), and so the HFS+ format was designed as a replacement.
		HFS is still in widespread use, especially on interchange media, including disk images used for software distribution.
	disktype.sourceforge.net /doc/ch03s02.html (585 words)

	An HFS Plus Primer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		Under standard HFS, it is normally set for you automatically depending on the total size of the storage media.
		Copying from HFS+ to standard HFS For example, you copy a file from your HFS+ formatted hard drive to your ZIP disk, which is formatted in standard HFS.
		The only difference is, under standard HFS, those 12 bytes (including the space) of information would take up 4 kB of physical space on your hard disk, whereas under HFS+, they may only occupy as little as 0.5 kB of actual hard disk space.
	www.hmug.org /Tips/HFSPlus.html (1797 words)

	Mac OS 8.1 and HFS Plus
		Mac OS 8.1 (the official name for Mac OS 8 once the update is applied) offers many fixes and improvements to the operating system, but the most revolutionary change is HFS Plus.
		Under HFS, the space on a volume is divided into equal-sized segments called "allocation blocks," and the smallest size of an allocation block is 512 bytes.
		There are a number of new features in HFS+ (some of which won't be fully supported until future Mac OS updates), but the most obvious one is a more efficient use of storage space.
	www.wap.org /journal/macos81.html (958 words)

	Fragmentation in HFS Plus Volumes
		As mentioned earlier, the fundamental unit of space allocation to a fork on HFS+ is an allocation block.
		Moreover, HFS+ uses delayed allocation: rather than allocating blocks as a file is written in memory, the filesystem can reserve (or loan) blocks, delaying actual allocation until the buffer cache is flushed to disk.
		As we have seen, an HFS+ volume seems to resist fragmentation rather well on Mac OS X 10.3.x, and I don't envision fragmentation to be a problem bad enough to require proactive remedies (such as a defragmenting tool).
	www.kernelthread.com /mac/apme/fragmentation (2547 words)

	[No title]
		In March of 2004, Apple quietly released an update to its HFS Plus Volume Format technote (TN1150).
		Case-sensitive HFS+ (as it is called in end-user interfaces like Disk Utility) was actually introduced in Mac OS X 10.3 Panther, but was only exposed in the GUI in Mac OS X Server.
		Still, the new name and the stated intent to "allow additional features that are incompatible with HFS Plus" showed that Apple was willing to do something in the realm of file system technology.
	www.arstechnica.com /reviews/os/macosx-10.4.ars/6 (1445 words)

	A Debugger for HFS Plus Volumes
		A debugger is a program that facilitates debugging, which may be casually defined as the process of finding and fixing "bugs" in the object of interest: usually a piece of software, firmware, or hardware (although debugging may apply to any domain).
		Thus, it cannot currently be used by itself to repair any defects in a volume, or to even write to a volume in any manner whatsoever.
		Specifically, it sets its user and group id's to 99 and 99, respectively (that is, to those of the "unknown" user on Mac OS X).
	www.kernelthread.com /software/hfsdebug (1735 words)

	Mac OS 8.1 and HFS Plus
		This will prove to be an excellent safeguard in offices where external drives seem to migrate from one machine to another, or on machines with multiple startup volumes, some using Mac OS 8.1 and some using something earlier.
		On the other hand, HFS+ will be immediately adopted by most Macintosh programmers, all of whom suffer from trying to manage thousands of itty bitty code files that, under the older HFS, waste staggering amounts of disk space.
		Network managers will be tempted to create HFS+ volumes for their AppleShare 5.0.2 servers, greatly increasing the storage efficiency of the servers.
	www.wap.org /journal/macos81a.html (836 words)

	[hfs-user] HFS-Plus and Wrappers
		I believe the blocks used by the HFS+ volume are = usually specified as used up by the "Bad block" file on the wrapper = volume, so the wrapper volume looks like a large volume with a few = files, no free space, and a ton of bad blocks.
		You can copy them from any freshly initialized HFS floppy: the Desktop DB will have a few blocks of valid data in a small file, the Desktop DF file should be zero length in all likelihood.
		I believe the blocks used by the HFS+ volume are usually specified as used up by the "Bad block" file on the wrapper volume, so the wrapper volume looks like a large volume with a few files, no free space, and a ton of bad blocks.
	www.mars.org /mailman/public/hfs-user/2002/000299.html (1497 words)

	Meetings - Previous Notes for 2/17/99 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		HFS Plus uses allocation blocks sizes ranging from 0.5 KB to 4 KB.
		An HFS Plus volume may be contained within an HFS volume (wrapper volume) in a way that makes the volume look like an HFS volume to systems without HFS Plus support.
		Embedding an HFS Plus volume within an HFS volume also allows a Mac OS computer to start up from an HFS Plus volume if it has built-in support for HFS but not HFS Plus.
	www.macos.utah.edu /Meetings/notes/Previous/2-17-99/notes_2-17-99.html (2404 words)

	Hfs - Homeowner Loans
		HFS and HFS+ (also called Sequoia) filesystems are well documented.
		Setuid privileges are only engaged when opening devices as HFS volumes; Added an HFS globbing interface to Tcl, and extended the hfs shell to use it.
		HFS Plus is an improved version of HFS, supporting much larger files (64 bit HFS Plus permits filenames up to 255 characters in length, and n-forked
	www.hispider.com /?q=hfs (654 words)

	2003/freebsd-fs/20030330.freebsd-fs
		Mar 23 Robert Watson Re: HFS/HFS Plus driver and tools for 5.x are availa 3.
		Mar 24 Christoph Sold Re: HFS/HFS Plus driver and tools for 5.x are availa 4.
		Mar 24 Matthew N. Dodd Re: HFS/HFS Plus driver and tools for 5.x are availa 9.
	docs.freebsd.org /mail/archive/2003/freebsd-fs/20030330.freebsd-fs.html (302 words)

	FAT32 vs HFS in external firewire drive - MacNN Forums
		HFS is superior to both FAT32 and NTFS.
		I would consider using HFS and using one of several programs that adds HFS support to Windows.
		If you want to format the external hd as a mac volume, you can also use hfs (not hfs plus).
	forums.macnn.com /showthread.php?threadid=249588#newpost (626 words)

	TidBITS#435/22-Jun-98
		Apple's introduction of Mac OS Extended Format, the new disk format better known as HFS Plus, has engendered no small amount of consternation in the Macintosh community because it's incompatible with many previous disk utilities - see "All About Macintosh Extended Format (HFS Plus)" in TidBITS-414.
		However, DiskExpress Pro is currently not compatible with Mac OS 8.1 and HFS Plus, nor were any other disk optimization utilities prior to the release of PlusOptimizer.
		Plus, I hate wasting space, so I couldn't imagine starting a New backup if I had several gigabytes left on the current tape, just because the New backup script had kicked in.
	www.tidbits.com /tb-issues/TidBITS-435.html (3785 words)

	HFS Plus
		# Sectors 0 and 1 of the volume are HFS boot blocks.
		The default size of an extent record in Mac OS is 1KB and 4KB in Mac OS X. # The Attributes File is a new B-tree in HFS Plus that does not have a corresponding structure in HFS.
		Technote 1150 HFS Plus Volume Format from apple.com
	en.mcfly.org /HFS_Plus (1086 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03)
		HFS has to give at least one allocation block to any fork of a file that's not empty - and remember, Mac files can have two forks, a data fork and a resource fork.
		Now here's the rub: HFS uses 16-bit fields to identify every allocation block on a volume uniquely, so there must be fewer than 65,536 (2^16) blocks on any HFS volume (and, hence, fewer than 65,536 files).
		In addition, HFS has always had a Roman-language bias when it comes to sorting and storing files, a fact plainly evident to anyone using, say, a Japanese version of the Mac OS.
	www.cc.jyu.fi /atk/mactuki/emff.txt (1912 words)

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