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Topic: HTTP proxying

	Glossary - Apache HTTP Server
		The part of the HTTP request and response that is sent before the actual content, and that contains meta-information describing the content.
		In the context of HTTP, an action to perform on a resource, specified on the request line by the client.
		In HTTP, the MIME-type is transmitted in the
	httpd.apache.org /docs/2.2/glossary.html (1506 words)

	mod_proxy - Apache HTTP Server
		Because forward proxies allow clients to access arbitrary sites through your server and to hide their true origin, it is essential that you secure your server so that only authorized clients can access the proxy before activating a forward proxy.
		The proxy module will also attempt to determine IP addresses of list items which may be hostnames during startup, and cache them for match test as well.
		This is essential when Apache is used as a reverse proxy to avoid by-passing the reverse proxy because of HTTP redirects on the backend servers which stay behind the reverse proxy.
	httpd.apache.org /docs/2.2/mod/mod_proxy.html (3763 words)

	Glossary - Apache HTTP Server
		The part of the → HTTP request and response that is sent before the actual content, and that contains meta-information describing the content.
		In the context of → HTTP, an action to perform on a resource, specified on the request line by the client.
		A → proxy server that appears to the client as if it is an origin server.
	httpd.apache.org /docs/2.0/glossary.html (1519 words)

	Python Buzz Forum - HTTP proxying questions
		Since I'm doing some HTTP proxying I've been thinking about how it should work.
		HTTP won't be a pipe if we have to rely on ad hoc configuration everywhere.
		If we're going to use HTTP this way -- and there's great reasons to start doing this -- we need to work harder at coming up with a good answer for these kinds of issues.
	www.artima.com /forums/flat.jsp?forum=122&thread=188760 (641 words)

	Java Tip 42: Write Java apps that work with proxy-based firewalls - Java World
		To address this problem, network administrators often install something called a "proxy server." Essentially, a proxy is a service that sits between the Internet and the internal network and manages connections between the two worlds.
		The first line above tells Java that you'll be using a proxy for your connections, the second line specifies the machine that the proxy lives on, and the third line indicates what port the proxy is listening on.
		HTTP requires the user name and password to be base64 encoded.
	www.javaworld.com /javaworld/javatips/jw-javatip42.html (727 words)

	Proxies Configuration Help (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		A Proxy allows the machine your Grail Browser is running on to reach the Internet through a Firewall running an HTTP Proxy service.
		HTTP Proxy Servers such as CERN's httpd server typically run on a special port (the default configuration is port 8080) other than the default port 80, and transparently pass your requests to Internet servers outside of your private network.
		One at a time, select the proxy you wish to configure by pressing the newly enabled button on the left and typing in your proxy URL in the entry field to the right.
	grail.sourceforge.net /help/prefs/proxies.html (369 words)

	Linux as a Proxy Server \| Linux Journal
		Proxy servers are software applications that run on your firewall machine in order to provide indirect Internet access to your network.
		With a proxy server in place, your entire network appears to come from the IP address of the proxy server, thus reducing the total number of properly configured DNS entries you need.
		Another advantage of using a proxy server is that since all outbound traffic must pass through the firewall, as an administrator, you can monitor which types of Internet activity are occurring.
	www.linuxjournal.com /issue44/2408.html (2332 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Thus the semantics of the URL are identical to HTTP with the exception of the transport.
		When a HTTP resource is making a general announcement, such as "I am here", it generally isn't useful to have everyone respond confirming they received the message.
		This is especially the case given that the HTTP resource probably doesn't know who should have received the announcement so the absence of a HTTP client in the responses wouldn't be meaningful.
	www.upnp.org /download/draft-goland-http-udp-04.txt (4615 words)

	WCCP with Squid (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The proxy has to be configured to accept the request, use the HTTP 'Host:' header to determine where the request was headed, and handle the request on behalf of the browser.
		Transparent proxying is used to give the benefits of a proxy (access control and logging, reduced latency, caching) to clients that are not specifically configured to use a proxy.
		proxy# cp ip_wccp.o /lib/modules//kernel/net/ipv4 proxy# depmod -a proxy# mv ip_wccp.c /usr/local/src/
	www.ultri.cx /tech/squid/gre-transparent.html (1384 words)

	LinuxDevCenter.com -- Transparent Proxying with Squid
		These browsers behave differently if they are aware of a proxy -- all other browsers follow the standard, and the only change they make with a proxy is to direct the requests to a different machine and port.
		The proxy server uses HTTP headers to determine where it is supposed to make a connection to, and proxies the request.
		If you attempt to have the proxy pass the HTTP response back directly, the client will be confused and (quite correctly) refuse to speak to the proxy.
	www.linuxdevcenter.com /pub/a/linux/2001/10/25/transparent_proxy.html (1310 words)

	Installing and Configuring the Apache HTTP Server Plug-In
		Apache modules are similar to HTTP servlets, except that an Apache module is written in code native to the platform.
		The Apache HTTP Server cannot use the digital certificate from the first SSL connection in the second SSL connection because it cannot use the client's private key.
		When the Apache HTTP Server Plug-In attempts to connect to WebLogic Server, the plug-in uses several configuration parameters to determine how long to wait for connections to the WebLogic Server host and, after a connection is established, how long the plug-in waits for a response.
	e-docs.bea.com /wls/docs60/adminguide/apache.html (1931 words)

	Your Title Goes Here
		The inline proxy queries and checks a user's authentication, calls the target server, requests the specified page, receives the servers response, and parses the html in the response to that all further URL references to the target server are front-ended by the inline proxy.
		Although transparent proxies may be an effective method in some firewall configurations, they would be effective only when we had control over either the initial router or gateway the user was connected to, or the router that connected to the licensed resource.
		For an inline proxy to work, the html that comes back from the target web server has to be parsed and edited, so that all anchors that call for additional information from the target web resource are modified to first pass through the inline proxy.
	www.educause.edu /ir/library/html/cnc9801b/cnc9801b.html (4264 words)

	18.5 urllib -- Open arbitrary resources by URL
		When the method is HTTP, these headers are those returned by the server at the head of the retrieved HTML page (including Content-Length and Content-Type).
		Proxies which require authentication for use are not currently supported; this is considered an implementation limitation.
		The HTTP protocol provides type information in the reply header, which can be inspected by looking at the Content-Type: header.
	www.python.org /doc/current/lib/module-urllib.html (1697 words)

	Proxy CAS Walkthrough - Central Authentication Service - JA-SIG Wiki (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		For this, I chose a proxy callback url on a machine for which I had access to the log files and scanned through the HTTP requests to find the information I wanted.
		If instead you do want to be able to proxy other applications you need to also supply a pgtUrl to your validation request so that CAS can callback with the Proxy Granting Ticket.
		Obviously, this walkthrough doesn't help with acquiring and plugging in good proxying code for your application but it does help to see what the proxying code needs to be doing and makes it easier to write your own.
	www.ja-sig.org /wiki/display/CAS/Proxy+CAS+Walkthrough (606 words)

	VICOMSOFT: Knowledgeshare - Network Address Translation
		Proxy technology is often seen as an alternative way to provide shared access to a single Internet connection.
		Local caching: a proxy can store frequently-accessed pages on its local hard disk; when these pages are requested, it can serve them from its local files instead of having to download the data from a remote Web server.
		Due to early adoption of Web proxying, most browsers, including Internet Explorer and Netscape Communicator, have built-in support for proxies, but this must normally be configured on each client machine, and may be changed by the naive or malicious user.
	www.vicomsoft.com /knowledge/reference/nat.html (3225 words)

	HTTP proxy - CompWisdom (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		If an http transfer that is being cached is cancelled, the proxy module will complete the transfer to cache if more than the percentage specified has already been transferred.
		Proxy cache operators cannot really be expected to know of every origin server that breaks with interception caching.
		So while the proxy waited for a nameserver to fail on every request, it wasn't handling relaying other http traffic and was causing the end user to have to wait while the dns information resolved from a distant nameserver.
	www.compwisdom.com /topics/HTTP-proxying (2572 words)

	[Chapter 8] 8.6 World Wide Web (WWW) and HTTP
		Clients that support HTTP proxying can use the FWTK HTTP proxy server transparently (all you have to do is configure the client to tell it where the server is), but you must enforce custom user procedures for clients that don't support HTTP proxying.
		However, even when Secure HTTP is released and in wide usage, this approach (limited connections) is unlikely to be a popular and practical one; part of the glory of the Web is being able to go to new and unexpected places.
		Proxying HTTP is easy, and a caching proxy server offers network bandwidth benefits as well as security benefits.
	www.xs4all.nl /~sjoel/the-networking-cd-bookshelf/firewall/ch08_06.htm (3875 words)

	Net::Proxy - Framework for proxying network connections in many ways - search.cpan.org
		The goal of this module is to abstract the different methods used to connect from the proxy to the destination.
		A proxy is a program that transfer data across a network boundary between a client and a server.
		This proxy connector is a Y-shaped connector: depending on the client behaviour right after the connection is established, it connects it to one of two services, handled by two distinct connectors.
	search.cpan.org /~book/Net-Proxy-0.07/lib/Net/Proxy.pm (840 words)

	Pass-Through Proxying as a Solution to the Off-Site Web-Access Problem
		For a proxy server to work securely, however, some form of encrypted password or key-based authentication must be enabled between the client and the proxy.
		A pass-through proxy is a proxy that masquerades as the remote server it is proxying for, such that the proxy appears to hold a mirror image of whatever is on the remote server.
		We chose a pass-through proxy server as our solution because it was relatively easy to implement; it requires no special client-side or vendor-side software; it necessitates only a few simple changes to client browser configurations; it is cheap to run, relatively easy to use, tolerably fast (especially with caching turned on); and it is secure.
	www.dlib.org /dlib/june98/stg/06goerwitz.html (1642 words)

	[ale] SSH/HTTP Proxying (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		You need to use the DynamicForward option of ssh.
		Then configure firefox to use localhost:1080 as a SOCKS proxy.
		You can, of course, substitue port 1080 with another port if you wish.
	www.ale.org /pipermail/ale/2004-December/017028.html (180 words)

	[No title]
		Proxying in HTTP can be achieved simply by providing the full URL in the initial GET/POST header line, as opposed to just the document/query.
		The proxy will then truncate this into its regular form and contact the required host on behalf of the web client.
		HTTP is a stateless protocol, with connections of a short lifespan.
	jymsg9.sourceforge.net /doc2.txt (693 words)

	Getting HTTP right \| InfoWorld \| Column \| 2005-05-18 \| By Jon Udell
		Last month, when I discussed the proper use of the HTTP verbs POST and GET, the benefits and hazards seemed abstract.
		HTTP’s proxying and caching features do much more than we usually imagine.
		Behind the scenes, Coral runs a decentralized network of DNS redirectors and caching HTTP proxies in order to protect and assist origin servers.
	www.infoworld.com /article/05/05/18/21OPstrategic_1.html (1591 words)

	World Wide Web Services (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Proxies are commonly used to allow an entire organization access to the Internet through a single connection, while avoiding the assignment of public Internet addresses to internal clients.
		Proxies are important for Webmasters to understand, however, because many of your visitors will be using proxies to access your site and may receive an outdated or altered version as a result.
		Otherwise, when a proxy breaks, they may be able to work around the problem by rerouting client traffic to another proxy server or directly to the Internet.
	www.windowsitlibrary.com /Content/386/16/2.html (2159 words)

	Cisco Application Velocity System User Guide (Software Version 5.0) - Deployment Options [Cisco AVS 3100 Series ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Choosing to deploy the application appliance in a clear-text environment, as an SSL terminator, or as an SSL proxy is an important decision based on your business requirements and your application architecture.
		As an SSL proxy, the application appliance operates as an application-layer proxy communicating with clients and with the origin server within the data center via HTTPS (SSL).
		Deploying the application appliance as an SSL proxy is appropriate in environments where SSL is required because application data is extremely confidential and/or otherwise sensitive.
	www.cisco.com /en/US/products/ps6492/products_user_guide_chapter09186a008059bdb2.html (2161 words)

	PHP: HTTP and HTTPS - Manual
		If you are using fsockopen() to create an ssl:// socket, you are responsible for detecting and suppressing the warning yourself.
		HTTP connections are read-only; you cannot write data or copy files to an HTTP resource.
		HTTPS proxying (through HTTP proxies) only works in PHP 5.1.0 or greater.
	www.php.net /manual/en/wrappers.http.php (595 words)

	HTTP Proxy Services (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		This is more complicated than a TCP proxy, because UDP does not maintain a connection and the proxy server would not otherwise know when to start or stop listeners.
		Proxy servers are a lot of trouble to maintain, so the fewer you have, the better.
		The transparent proxy server must remember each connection it proxies to allow the return traffic to be forwarded correctly to the client system.
	www.windowsitlibrary.com /Content/386/18/5.html (2315 words)

	O'Reilly - Safari Books Online - 0596001622 - Squid: The Definitive Guide
		My previous experience with proxies was MS proxy server 2.0 and I was a little apprehensive of this project; not to worry.
		It is a neat trick where Squid stills runs as a proxy, however, the Squid server is proxying the world (or a select few) to your server.
		No skipping from chapter to chapter, the author was also the designer and still one of the maintainers, fuller descriptions of the configuration file directives that the configuration file comments.
	safari.oreilly.com /0596001622 (2159 words)

	Reverse Proxying with Squid \| Linux Magazine
		Squid (http://www.squid-cache.org) is to caching proxy servers as Apache is to web servers -- the hands-down open source winner.
		One downside to using Squid as a reverse proxy is that log analysis is more difficult.
		In fact, from the server's point of view there is no proxy; the server simply thinks that the proxy machine is sending a lot of requests.
	www.linux-mag.com /id/1435 (1450 words)

	Galaxynet IRC Network \| IRC.GalaxyNet.Org
		HTTP Proxying was applied to mIRC since version 5.81, and has been popular among other Internet groups such as ISPs wanting to save bandwidth.
		If you are a server administrator, please configure your proxy to bind to local area interface only.
		If you are a user, knowing that you are using a proxy to connect to GalaxyNet, please consider buying a bnc/shell account, because you'd never know who's watching every word you type.
	www.galaxynet.org /proxy.php (1690 words)

	SSH Proxy Command -- connect.c
		It was aimed to separate complexity to support various mechanism of proxying from core code.
		Proxy command mechanism is delegation of network stream communication.
		Proxy Tunnel -- Proxying command using https CONNECT.
	bent.latency.net /bent/darcs/goto-san-connect-1.85/src/connect.html (2111 words)

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