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Topic: Hacker ethic

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	The Hacker's Ethics
		Hackers should be judged by their hacking, not bogus criteria such as degress, age, race, or position.
		Although hackers freely acknowledge that their activities may be occasionally illegal, considerable emphasis is placed on limiting violations only to those required to obtain access and learn a system, and they display hostility toward those who transgress beyond beyond these limits.
		Elite hackers complain continuously that novices are at an increased risk of apprehension and also can "trash" accounts on which experienced hackers have gained and hidden their access.
	project.cyberpunk.ru /idb/hacker_ethics.html (637 words)

	Hacker ethic - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Most hackers subscribe to the hacker ethic in the first sense, and many act on it by writing free software, giving the user permission to study, modify, and redistribute it.
		Hackers should be judged by their hacking, not bogus criteria such as degrees, age, race, or position.
		In Himanen's opinion the hacker ethic is closer related to the Virtue ethics found in the writings of Plato and of Aristotle.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Hacker_ethic (605 words)

	Hacker - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In other cases, where a hacker is willing to maintain their own code, a company may be unable to find anyone else who is capable or willing to dig through code to maintain the program if the original programmer moves on to a new job.
		Malicious hackers in this sense are often called fl hat hackers, but it is more appropriate to call them crackers(from criminal hacker) as this is a term which distinguishes the exploitation of security weaknesses from hacking in general.
		Hackers who have the ability to write circuit-level code, device drivers, firmware, low-level networking, (and even more impressively, using these techniques to make devices do things outside of their spec sheets), are typically in very high regard among hacker communities.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Hacker (2114 words)

	Encyclopedia: Hacker ethic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Hackers should be judged by their hacking, not bogus criteria such as degress, age, race, or position.
		Although hackers freely acknowledge that their activities may be occasionally illegal, considerable emphasis is placed on limiting violations only to those required to obtain access and learn a system, and they display hostility toward those who transgress beyond beyond these limits.
		Elite hackers complain continuously that novices are at an increased risk of apprehension and also can "trash" accounts on which experienced hackers have gained and hidden their access.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Hacker-ethic (1035 words)

	Dissertation on the Hacker Ethic and Meaningful Work \| Tom Chance's website
		Hackers have, to an extent, "oppose[d] the intrusion of the state and market" (quoted in Della-Porta and Diani, 2003) into their lifeworld since they first emerged as a social group in the late 1950s (Levy, 2001).
		Hacker work is, in the words of the hacker Linus Torvalds, "interesting, exciting, and joyous", "intrinsically interesting and challenging" (Himanen, 2001, pp.xiii-xvii) and "goes beyond the realm of surviving or of economic life" (Capurro, 2003).
		The Hacker Ethic, however, argues that the latter case is a better example of meaningful work because it truly engaged the individual; it enriched her life, gave it focus, to return to Levy's account of the early MIT hackers (Levy, 2001, p.45).
	tom.acrewoods.net /research/hackerethic/dissertation (9923 words)

	FOLDOC and Jargon Gateway
		Hackers consider themselves something of an elite (a meritocracy based on ability), though one to which new members are gladly welcome.
		Thus while it is gratifying to be called a hacker, false claimants to the title are quickly labelled as "{bogus}" or a "{wannabee}".
		There is thus a certain ego satisfaction to be had in identifying yourself as a hacker (but if you claim to be one and are not, you'll quickly be labeled {bogus}).
	www.codeflux.com /dict?query=hacker&exact=1 (609 words)

	Amazon.ca: The Hacker Ethic: and the Spirit of the Information Age: Books: Pekka Himanen,Linus Torvalds,Manuel Castells (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Hackers are the warriors, explorers, guerrillas, and joyous adventurers of the Digital Age, and the true architects of the new economy.
		From this perspective, the hacker ethic is a new work ethic that challenges the attitude to work that has held us in its thrall for so long, the Protestant work ethic, as explicated in Max Weber's classic The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism (1904-1905).
		The third element present within the hacker ethic from the very beginning, touched upon in the cited definition by the phrase "facilitating access to information and to computing resources," could be called their network ethic or nethic.
	www.amazon.ca /Hacker-Ethic-Spirit-Information-Age/dp/product-description/0375505660 (1382 words)

	hacker ethic Computer Encyclopedia Enterprise Resource Directory Complete Guide to Internet (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The belief that information-sharing is a powerful positive good, and that it is an ethical duty of hackers to share their expertise by writing free software and facilitating access to information and to computing resources wherever possible.
		Most hackers subscribe to the hacker ethic in sense 1, and many act on it by writing and giving away free software.
		On this view, it may be one of the highest forms of hackerly courtesy to (a) break into a system, and then (b) explain to the sysop, preferably by e-mail from a {superuser} account, exactly how it was done and how the hole can be plugged - acting as an unpaid (and unsolicited) {tiger team}.
	www.jaysir.com /computer-encyclopedia/h/hacker-ethic-computer-terms.htm (318 words)

	Electronic Culture - Preface (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		From this perspective, the hacker ethic is a new work ethic that challenges the attitude to work that has held us in its thrall so long, the Protestant work ethic, as explicated in Max Weber's classic The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism (1904-1905).
		The third element present within the hacker ethic from the very beginning, touched upon in the cited definition by the phrase "facilitating access to information and to computing resources," could be called their network ethic or nethic.
		The idea for a book dealing with the hacker ethic was born the first time all three of us met, in the fall of 1998, when we were invited speakers at a symposium hosted by the University of California at Berkeley, that traditional hacker stronghold.
	www.netvironments.org /ECulture/Module3/HackerEthic/Preface (1042 words)

	Adding Rationality to Himanen`s Hacker Ethic
		Ethic is about right and wrong, good and bad; it has to do with character, it has to do with codes and principles for behaviour.
		The hacker ethic, then, is about the hacker’s conceptions of right and wrong, about ethical hacker’s character-traits, their codes and principles of behaviour.
		The hacker’s network ethic says that you should be able to join, and when you enter the common network you should still have constitutional rights like that of the human rights (freedom of speech, right to privacy etc.).
	www.oekonux-konferenz.de /dokumentation/texte/Janussen.html (3756 words)

	The Hacker Ethic - Pekka Himanen & Linus Torvalds (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Underlying hackers' technical creations — such as the Internet and the personal computer, which have become symbols of our time — are the hacker values that produced them and that challenge us all.
		The Hacker Ethic takes us on a journey through fundamental questions about life in the information age —; a trip of constant surprises, after which out time and our lives can be seen from unexpected perspectives.
		On the other hand hackers can be summarized as those people who, regardless of the field in which they work, do what they do for personal satisfaction and the inherent rewards of furthering their area of interest and peer recognition.
	www.skattabrain.com /css-books-plain/0375505660.html (1884 words)

	Hacker ethic (Linux Reviews)
		Levy's account of the hacker ethic is in large part based on the values of the hackers at MIT Artificial Intelligence Laboratory.
		Hackers should be judged by their hacking, not bogus criteria such as degrees, age, race, or position.
		In Himanen's opinion the hacker ethic is more closely related to the virtue ethics found in the writings of Plato and of Aristotle.
	linuxreviews.org /dictionary/Hacker_ethic (313 words)

	hacker
		It is better to be described as a hacker by others than to describe oneself that way.
		Hackers consider themselves something of an elite (a meritocracy based on ability), though one to which new members are gladly welcome.
		We have a report that it was used in a sense close to this entry's by teenage radio hams and electronics tinkerers in the mid-1950s.
	www.catb.org /~esr/jargon/html/H/hacker.html (329 words)

	Christian Century: The Hacker Ethic and the Spirit of the Information Age. - Review - book review
		Hackers call these miscreants "crackers," but the distinction, and the positive meaning of "hacker," seems now to be lost on the larger society.
		The "hacker ethic" as I knew it was the willingness of hackers to share software, computer resources and neat coding tricks called "hacks"--a term also applied to quick and dirty but functional codes.
		This seems reasonable: hackers follow their passions, are often politically libertarian, value open systems and sharing, like to network and are remarkably creative folks.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m1058/is_12_118/ai_73827730 (884 words)

	The hacker ethic - O'Reilly ONLamp Blog
		Hackers are notorious beasts due to one major reason: their commitment to the project.
		The hacker is often never satisfied with their work as they are always convinced that there is a better way, or a finer hack.
		Hackers were getting source code for their computers and sharing it with each other to make their computers do new and interesting things.
	www.oreillynet.com /onlamp/blog/2004/01/the_hacker_ethic.html (1401 words)

	Old and New Hacker Ethics
		Sometimes I refer to the CU as "90s hackers" or "new hackers," as opposed to old hackers, who are hackers (old sense of the term) from the 60s who subscribed to the original Hacker Ethic.
		Thus, the ethical principles of the Hacker Ethic suggest it is the ethical duty of the hacker to remove barriers, liberate information, decentralize power, honor people based on their ability, and create things that are good and life-enhancing through computers.
		They have their own ethical system which combines elements of the old 60s Hacker Ethic with some new innovations (the new hacker ethic.) The fact that ethics are important to these hackers is suggested by the fact that they anethematize "crackers" and "dark side" hackers for transgressions which violate the spirit of their ethics.
	www.fiu.edu /~mizrachs/hackethic.html (7954 words)

	jargon, node: hacker
		The term `hacker' also tends to connote membership in the global community defined by the net (see network, the and Internet address).
		It also implies that the person described is seen to subscribe to some version of the hacker ethic (see hacker ethic).
		There is thus a certain ego satisfaction to be had in identifying yourself as a hacker (but if you claim to be one and are not, you'll quickly be labeled bogus).
	www.jargon.net /jargonfile/h/hacker.html (252 words)

	Jargon 4.2, node: hacker ethic
		The belief that information-sharing is a powerful positive good, and that it is an ethical duty of hackers to share their expertise by writing open-source and facilitating access to information and to computing resources wherever possible.
		Most hackers subscribe to the hacker ethic in sense 1, and many act on it by writing and giving away open-source software.
		The most reliable manifestation of either version of the hacker ethic is that almost all hackers are actively willing to share technical tricks, software, and (where possible) computing resources with other hackers.
	www.science.uva.nl /~mes/jargon/h/hackerethic.html (296 words)

	Linux.com Article DB: The Hacker Work Ethic - 1/1
		Eric Raymond, a well-known defender of hacker culture, is also known for his playful lifestyle: a fan of live role-playing games, he roams the streets of his Pennsylvania hometown and the surrounding woods attired as an ancient sage, a Roman senator, or a seventeenth-century cavalier.
		When the hacker ethic is placed in this large historical context, it is easy to see that the hacker ethic -- understood not just as the computer hackers' ethic but as a general social challenge -- resembles the pre-Protestant ethic to a much greater degree than it does the Protestant one.
		Hackers want to realize their passions, and they are ready to accept that the pursuit even of interesting tasks may not always be unmitigated bliss.
	linux.omnipotent.net /article.php?article_id=11906 (3177 words)

	Slashdot \| The Hacker Ethic
		The Hacker Ethic is a brilliant book.Written by young Finnish philosopher Pekka Himanen, with contributions in the same volume by Linus Torvalds and Sociology Professor Manuel Castells, this little book blows away the myth that getting important things done requires stodgy and outmoded forms of organization, or a slavish devotion to work.
		Computer hackers happen to be the standard bearers, he says, for a whole new way of work, play and life, based around social networks, personal preferences for work environment and content, and a intermingling of work and play.
		Computer hackers may have led the way to this, but Himanen believes that the widespread growth of Net culture is having and will have a permanent effect on the way work is looked at, and the way people approach leisure and work time.
	slashdot.org /books/01/03/06/1751250.shtml (4482 words)

	Amazon.co.uk: The Hacker Ethic: Books: Pekka Himanen,Linus Torvalds,Manuel Castells (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Himamen claims hackers work because what they're doing interests them and disseminating what they learn brings the respect of their peers while others work for money and enjoy the envy of their peers.
		Underlying hackers' technical creations - such as the Internet and the personal computer, which have become symbols of our time - are the hacker values that produced them and that challenge us all.
		The Hacker Ethic takes us on a journey through fundamental questions about life in the information age - a trip of constant surprises, after which our time and our lives can be seen from unexpected perspectives.
	www.amazon.co.uk /Hacker-Ethic-Pekka-Himanen/dp/0436205505 (1173 words)

	The Hacker Ethic
		From the MIT of the sixties onward, the classic hacker has emerged from sleep in the early afternoon to start programming with enthusiasm and has continued his efforts, deeply immersed in coding, into the wee hours of the morning.
		Eric Raymond, a well-known defender of hacker culture, is also known for his playful lifestyle: a fan of live role-playing games, he roams the streets of his Pennsylvania hometown and the surrounding woods attired as an ancient sage, a Roman senator, or a seventeenth-century cavalier.
		Looked at on this level, computer hackers can be understood as an excellent example of a more general work ethic — which we can give the name the hacker work ethic — gaining ground in our network society, in which the role of information professionals is expanding.
	partners.nytimes.com /books/first/h/himanen-hacker.html (903 words)

	The Hacker Ethic
		In contrast, the hacker ethic is a deep breath of fresh air.
		As the hacker ethic extends into the social and political arenas, Himanen isolates expression and privacy as the core hacker ideals in the public sphere, particularly on the Net.
		The Hacker Ethic offers not only an able description of the hacker worldview, but also points to various directions in which hackers can work to help counteract some of the inhumane consequences of our network society.
	www.linuxjournal.com /article/4690 (1342 words)

	TMRC - Hackers
		We at TMRC use the term "hacker" only in its original meaning, someone who applies ingenuity to create a clever result, called a "hack".
		Here at TMRC, where the words "hack" and "hacker" originated and have been used proudly since the late 1950s, we resent the misapplication of the word to mean the committing of illegal acts.
		They are certainly not true hackers, as they do not understand the hacker ethic.
	tmrc.mit.edu /hackers-ref.html (294 words)

	Slashdot \| The Hacker Ethic And Linux Kernel 2.4
		Perhaps the hacker mentality of caffeine-driven code-fests is a little dated (and expecially not appeal to the female-gender) and might need some seasoning to balance the serious professional aspects and the zen-like fun aspects as well.
		The book is basically about the hacker ethic illustrated by the early hackers at MIT, the hardware hackers of the '70s, and PC game programmers in the early 80's, ending with what happened to the AI lab that RMS was at.
		Hackers are the people who actually do the hard work of the writing the software that the rest of us use to get our work done.
	slashdot.org /articles/01/02/07/0256239.shtml (3373 words)

	The Hacker Ethic
		We hackers believe that essential lessons can be learned about the systems, about the world, from taking things apart, seeing how they work, and using this knowledge to create new and even more interesting things.
		It's assembler was average, and group of hackers led by Alan Kotok suggested to Jack Dennis, the person who was in charge of the PDP-1, to improve the assembler, which looked like a bad idea to Jack.
		This meritocratic trait is not necessarily rooted in the inherent goodness of hacker hearts: it is mainly that we care less about someon's superficial characteristics than they do about his potential to advance the general state of hacking, to create new programs to admire, to talk about that new feature in the system.
	gradha.sdf-eu.org /textos/hacker_ethic.en.html (1543 words)

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