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	Hafez al-Assad - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Assad was Syria's longest serving president, and his rule stabilized and consolidated the power of the country's government after decades of coups and counter-coups.
		Assad was born Hafez al Wahash in Qardaha in western Syria as part of the minority Alawite community.
		Hafez Al-Assad worked continually to ensure the preeminence of his own Alawite sect within the government, and Alawites were appointed to fill virtually all important government posts (a notable exception being Sunni Defense Minister Mustafa Tlass).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Hafez_el_Assad (2915 words)

	Bashar al-Assad - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Assad opposed the 2003 invasion of Iraq, despite a long-standing animosity between the Syrian and Iraqi regimes, using Syria's position holding one of the rotating seats on the United Nations Security Council.
		Assad was criticised for Syria's de facto occupation of Lebanon (which ended in 2005), and the US put Syria under sanctions partly because of this.
		Assad has refused to be questioned himself or for other high-ranking Syrian officials to be questioned by the special UN prosecutor in connection to Hariri's murder.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Bashar_al-Assad (1813 words)

	World leaders pay homage to Syrian President Assad--Bonapartist ruler and valued asset of imperialism
		Rising to power in the aftermath of the defeat of the Arabs in the June 1967 war with Israel, Assad came to epitomise the venal and reactionary role of the Arab national bourgeoisie, maintaining power by means of palace intrigue and repression, while repeatedly betraying the aspirations of the Palestinian masses.
		Assad came from an impoverished background and a minority Shiite sect, the Alawites, in a country of Sunni Moslems.
		Assad's death comes amid considerable uncertainty prompted by the Israeli withdrawal from Lebanon, the on-and-off negotiations between Israel and the Palestinian Authority, and the stalled talks between Israel and Syria.
	www.wsws.org /articles/2000/jun2000/assa-j13.shtml (759 words)

	Middle Eastern Terrorism After Assad
		For three decades Hafez el-Assad was a fierce enemy of not only Israel but of all who stood in his way towards the creation of Greater Syria and the role he envisioned for himself in the Arab world.
		Assad was the architect of the war of attrition on the water issue and the main supporter of the Palestinian terrorism that led to the Six-Day War and the Arab defeat.
		Before Assad’s death most observers and intelligence specialists estimated that he and Iran would goad Hizballah to continue the guerrilla and terrorist war of attrition against Israel’s northern border, most probably with the support of, or under the cover of, disenchanted Palestinian refugees.
	www.ict.org.il /articles/after_assad.htm (948 words)

	Ibn Khaldun Center for Development Studies
		For the next 30 years Assad’s regime was dominated by the Alawite Islamic sect, which, although constituting only 12% of the population, has through coercive measures maintained control over the country’s Sunni majority.
		Assad’s regime was a military dictatorship that brutally suppressed all dissent.
		On Assad’s death in 2000, the existing parliament unanimously voted his son Bashar to become president after changing the constitution such that the minimum age for the president was reduced from 40 to Bashar’s 34.
	www.eicds.org /english/publications/reports/annualreport05/syria.htm (2328 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Hafez
		Hafez, Amin al- HAFEZ, AMIN AL- [Hafez, Amin al-], 1911-, Syrian army officer and politician.
		Assad, Hafez al- ASSAD, HAFEZ AL- [Assad, Hafez al-], 1930-2000, president of Syria (1971-2000).
		Hafez Abu Sa'ada returns to Egypt -- Authorities must now stop harassment of human rights defenders.
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=Hafez (399 words)

	USCFL - It felt as if Official Washington was in the Everglades (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		You would have thought the "saddened" President who "always respected" Assad and his "commitment to peace" was talking about an honorable world leader instead of a brutal thug who terrorized his own people, spawned international terrorism, subjugated Lebanon, and was responsible for the deaths of hundreds of Americans - including 241 marines in Beirut.
		When Assad's older son and heir apparent, Basil, met his end in 1994 in an "automobile accident", Bashar was immediately called back to Syria from London for what must have been crash courses in terrorism and dictatorship.
		As one columnist put it, we can at least be thankful that the President's non attendance at Assad's funeral saved us from the sight of a mourning President biting his lip in sorrow and feeling the Syrian people's pain.
	www.freelebanon.org /articles/v92.htm (1035 words)

	USCFL - Middle Eastern Terrorism after Assad: Hope for a Change
		Rather the withdrawal came about because of the trepidation of Israeli political leaders to tackle the real culprit: the Assad regime and its army, which granted Hizballah practical immunity and vital strategic depth.
		His delegation was received with honors at the funeral and his troops were the only foreign ones permitted to mourn Assad's death by marching in the city of Latakye.
		To contribute to the stability of a regime "a la Hafez al-Assad" means to continue the oppression of the Syrian people and to perpetuate the instability of the Middle East.
	www.freelebanon.org /articles/a003.htm (1045 words)

	Syria, Assad's Son And All The Rest Of Us (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		With the death of the Syrian dictator Hafez el Assad, who paralyzed the Middle East and in particular, the peace process, through the use of totalitarian control and terror, the region enters a new phase.
		And Assad insisted that he wouldn’t rest until the Galilee would be in his power-although the analogy he was making was a bit skewed, since unlike Salah-A-Din he was not Muslim, and the Israelis are not Christian Europeans.
		He is the son of Hafez El Assad, and for the present, his rhetoric is not going to be radically different.
	www.hagshama.org.il /en/resources/view.asp?id=27&subject=30 (3402 words)

	SYRIA, THE PALESTINIANS, AND THEIR LEBANESE ALLIES: TERRORISM AND WAR CRIMES
		Hafez el Assad later got rid of the Sunnite Mufti Hassan Khaled on the day the Mufti requested the Syrians to leave Lebanon.
		Assad, as head of the state occupying Lebanon, Kanaan, as the military commander of the Syrian soldiers in Lebanon, Hraoui and Hoss, as the Lebanese president and Prime Minister who collaborate with the occupying forces and Emil Lahoud, as commander of Hraoui's Lebanese Army, and who had done nothing to stop these massacres.
		Assad owes his conquest of Lebanon to his patience, to the State terrorism he has every leisure to practice, and to international hypocrisy.
	www.gotc-se.org /statements/Albani/Warcrimes.html (9740 words)

	FREE LEBANON - THE ENEMY WITHIN
		Since then Hafez El Assad has made some conciliatory statements to soothe the collective conscience of the traitors who sold their country for a handful of silver.
		Since he was put in place by Assad, Lebanon’s history has been one of a downward slope towards assimilation The process of assimilation is taking place on two levels: a political level and a practical level.
		Hafez El Assad has a good ally in Rafik Hariri; the perfect stooge to carry out his dirty work.
	www.generalaoun.org /il2.html (857 words)

	Hafiz Assad (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Syrian leader Hafez el-Assad, head of the Syrian Ba'ath party, is a member of the minority Alawite sect.
		As a young man, he trained as a pilot in the Soviet Union and in 1964 was named Commander of the Syrian Air Force.
		In 1966, Assad became the Defense Minister and, in that role, he was partially responsible for Syria's loss of the Golan Heights to Israel in the Six-Day War of 1967.
	www.multied.com /1812/Ghent.htmlhttp://timeline/Bio/people/assad.html (114 words)

	Finding the End of the String - Renewal of Israel-Syria Talks Faces Early Hurdle
		Assad's hesitation has seemed puzzling to many observers, but the probable explanation lies in Syria's competing foreign policy goals and his own internal struggles.
		Assad is naturally cautious, to the point of indecision, and vacillated over the Rabin offer until it was too late.
		But Assad is loudly reaffirming his previous "strategic decision for peace." For the moment, he has clamped down on PLO rejectionists in Damascus and Hizb'Allah in Lebanon, and continues the unprecedented flirtation with Barak.
	www.cdn-friends-icej.ca /medigest/aug99/string.html (932 words)

	Backgrounder: The Word of a Syrian
		Assad enjoys a reputation among many Western leaders and policymakers as a "man of his word," meaning Israel can trust him to keep signed peace agreements.
		But Assad's record of breaching previous commitments is long and distressing, demonstrating a clear pattern of untrustworthiness not only in terms of agreements with Israel, but also in commitments made to fellow Arab and Muslim rulers.
		The Assad Record with Israel: Since coming to power in November 1970, Assad has entered a number of cease fires and other agreements brokered by third parties and aimed at alleviating hostilities between Israel and Syria.
	www.cdn-friends-icej.ca /medigest/aug99/backgrnd.html (1003 words)

	All change in the Temple of Truth - Robert Fisk: 22 April 2006
		It was Iskander whose task in 1982 was to berate me for daring to enter the forbidden city of Hama where the legions of Rifaat el-Assad — brother of the Assad and now quietly enjoying forced retirement in the European Union (that scourge of war criminals) — butchered thousands of Islamist rebels.
		Back in Damascus, he approved a visa to an American journalist who failed to tell Zuhair that he was also an Israeli and who filed a number of reports to his paper in Tel Aviv.
		Next time I saw Mohamed he was under house arrest, freighted to a Baath Party Congress to vote for the leadership of Assad’s son Bashar in 2000, nervously sipping coffee in a corner of the room while his Baathist colleagues showed their fear of contamination by creating a 20ft radiation zone around him.
	www.robert-fisk.com /articles577.htm (1052 words)

	Reporters sans frontières - Syria annual Report 2002
		Repression was accentuated in August and September with the arrest of important political figures and leaders in civil society, including members of parliament Maamoun el-Homsi and Riad Seif and former political prisoner Riad el Turk.
		He was released as part of a "presidential pardon" on the occasion of the anniversary of Hafez el-Assad’s take-over on 16 November 1970.
		The journalist is also being sued in Paris for libel by former vice-president Rifaat el Assad, the banished brother for former president Hafez el-Assad, for saying that he had ordered soldiers to execute political prisoners in 1980 in Palmyre prison in Syria.
	www.rsf.org /article.php3?id_article=1489 (1208 words)

	The Burden of Damascus – Isaiah 17
		It sure is trying and with some success. Currently headlines focus on the tiny nation of Lebanon and her Syrian "occupiers." Let's look more closely at Syria.
		In the 1980's Hafez el Assad thought nothing of wiping out cities in Syria with political opponents in a manner similar to Saddam Hussein. Syria has no intention of leaving Lebanon in spite of world pressure.
		She was told to pull out in the 1980's, ignored the warnings, and got away with them.
	www.raptureready.com /featured/markell/3.htm (453 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		"Hafez El Assad layed in state." From a National Public Radio Middle East correspondent (not Linda Gradstein).
		We are close to conceding defeat on this and declaring the boundary between "lay" and "lie" the Berlin Wall of English usage.
		But just for old time's sake, say it with me: "Hafez El Assad lies in state.
	www.citypaper.com /arts/printready.asp?id=10189 (934 words)

	www.MiddleEast.Org - MiD-EasT RealitieS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Hafez el-Assad, long-time President and dictator in Syria, is already fading
		Assad is 69 and is said to no longer think logically or clearly at all times.
		Assad, and President Clinton in Washington is expending considerable effort to
	www.middleeast.org /archives/6-00-16.htm (914 words)

	TBS: The European Broadcasting Union
		According to EBU Producer Youssef el Alfy, on large stories with wide coverage such as the funeral of Syria's late President Hafez El Assad (June 2000), there were too many satellite transmissions for Syrian TV to cope.
		EBU also provided other technical facilities and support like video editing suites, live camera locations for commentaries, telephone lines, and even helped individuals fix faulty equipment-all services that are not exceptional to this particular news story but more the norm for EBU.
		El Alfy argues that this is not necessarily always the case.
	www.tbsjournal.com /Archives/Spring01/EBU.html (1229 words)

	PEACEWatch Vol 2 # 17
		At the end of the week, there occurred another event which has upset the plans and views of all the pundits, though it was expected.
		The death of Syrian President Hafez El-Assad on Saturday has very likely introduced a profound change in Middle Eastern politics, and the consequences of this event may not be completely appreciated for some time.
		Pundits speculated however, that the fact that Bishara El-Assad, Hafez El-Assad's son has been approved to succeed him, indicates that key figures in the Syrian army approve of the general course of action that has been followed recently, which includes the possibility of peace with Israel and economic reform.
	www.ariga.com /peacewatch/pv2n16.htm (1263 words)

	VATICAN CONDOLENCES ON DEATH OF SYRIAN LEADER (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		Pope John Paul II has conveyed his sympathies to the people of Syria upon hearing of the death of that country's President Hafez el-Assad on Saturday.
		The Pope also expressed his hope that Syria's new rulers would continue to search for a path to peace in the Middle East.
		He mentioned that the elder el-Assad had "for a long time controlled the destiny of his country, and played an important role in the Middle East." And he said that he understood "the pain of his family and of the people of Syria."
	www.cathnews.com /news/006/61.html (110 words)

	INTELLIGENCE PROJECTION FOR '95: ASSAD WILL REMAIN COMMITTED TO PEACE (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		INTELLIGENCE PROJECTION FOR '95: ASSAD WILL REMAIN COMMITTED TO PEACE ISRAEL LINE TUESDAY, JANUARY 17, 1995 On Monday, the IDF's General Command received the "Intelligence Assessment for 1995", DAVAR reported.
		According to the report, Syrian President Hafez el-Assad remains committed to reaching peace with Israel, but is still unable to narrow the gap between Syrian and Israeli positions.
		In a section dealing with Iranian and Iraqi nuclear capabilities, the report said if the United Nations lifts its controls over Iraqi nuclear facilities, Baghdad may produce nuclear weapons in the near future.
	www.fas.org /irp/news/1995/950117-il.htm (173 words)

	Echoes of Civil Wars in Ancient Rome, by Lyndon H. LaRouche, Jr. (Aug. 16, 1996)
		To cover for the fact that this was a connection of the British and U.S. surrogate-President-in-charge- of-vice George Bush, the blame was fixed, fraudulently, upon Qaddafi's Libya.
		The Hamas and Hafez Assad's control over the Lebanon-based Hizbollah organization were used, together with the London-linked "mole" Dick "Rasputin" Morris, inside the President Clinton campaign organization, to bring about the downfall of the Rabin-Peres government in Israel, by aid of focussed deployment of London- directed international terrorism.
		In this circumstance, blaming Iran for Entente Cordiale-sponsored terrorism, and protecting the evil Hafez el-Assad who is key to the attempted destabilization of Turkey, Iraq, and Iran, are actions which no sane patriot of the United States could tolerate.
	www.larouchepub.com /lar/1996/civil_wars.html (5003 words)

	Tishreen Newspaper Interviews Metrpolitan PHILIP (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		President Assad is a Great Leader and a Skilled Planner
		"I was born in Lebanon, educated in Syria, of Arabic Heritage, and having an American citizenship." His Eminence related his memories during the troubled era of Hussni El-Za'im, until the era of the Leader, President Hafez El-Assad, who came and put an end to the unstable situation in Syria.
		After speaking about the Arab wars with the enemy, Metropolitan PHILIP extolled President Hafez El-Assad saying, " I have never met in my life a President that reads the Political and Local Map as President Assad does.
	www.balamand.edu.lb /theology/philipinterview.htm (394 words)

	Syrian Desert Rally (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		At the invitation of the Syrian Automobile Club, ssome Lebanese offoaders and I went to test the roadbook for the first ever off road rally in Syria thanks to a nephew of President Hafez el Assad.
		I entered the Hummer as one of the three pace cars which open desert tracks in advance of the competitors.
		Our Lebanese guys are just afraid of beating the nephew of Assad and ending up somewhere.
	www.humvee.net /misc/syria.html (247 words)

	Sabra and Shatila at Panorama
		But if the rest of us are SEDUCED by this argument we abandon the most basic principles of democratic accountability.
		Keane seem to be SEDUCED by this argument, otherwise you would have investigated the massacre done by Hafez el'Assad in 27th of March 1958, in the Syrian village of al'Hamam.
		Was he ever a candidate for being judged in the international court for war crimes ???
	www.netanyahu.org /sabandshatat.html (281 words)

	Arutz Sheva - Israel National News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-20)
		If Assad is Serious, Let him Come to Jerusalem
		(IsraelNN.com) Opposition leader Shimon Peres, who was visiting Turkey today, called on Syrian President Hafez el-Assad to visit Jerusalem.
		Peres stated if el-Assad is serious regarding recent statements expressing a desire to enter into negotiations with Israel, then he should come to Jerusalem to advance his agenda.
	www.israelnationalnews.com /news.php3?id=57786 (74 words)

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