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	Halabja
		Halabja is surrounded by the heights of Suran, Balambu, Shireh-roudi and Shaghan in the north, south and east.
		The horrible pictures of the piles of bodies on the streets and alleys of Halabja describe the tragic death caused by the subjection to the cocktail of chemical agents used by the troops of the dictator.
		Halabja has entered history as the largest case of targeting civilian population with chemical weapons in the world.
	www.angelfire.com /nt/Gilgamesh/halabja.html (496 words)

	Halabja poison gas attack - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Halabja poison gas attack was an incident on 15 March-19 March 1988 during a major battle in the Iran-Iraq war when chemical weapons were used by the Iraqi government forces to kill a number of people in the Iraqi Kurdish town of Halabja (population 80,000).
		Halabja is located about 150 miles northeast of Baghdad and 8-10 miles from the Iranian border.
		The poison gas attack on the Iraqi town of Halabja was the largest-scale chemical weapons (CW) attack against a civilian population in modern times.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Halabja_poison_gas_attack (1391 words)

	President's Radio Address (Remembering Halabja)
		The attack on Halabja, which is a few miles from the Iranian border in the Kurdish region of northern Iraq, occurred on March 16, 1988, near the end of the eight-year Iran-Iraq war when Saddam enjoyed a measure of Western support.
		The death rate in Halabja, she said, is three or four times greater than in the neighboring town of Sulimaniyah, which suffered no chemical-weapons attack.
		Gosden said the symptoms she has seen in Halabja are exactly the same in some cases as those reported by Gulf War veterans who claim to be victims of the so-called Gulf War syndrome, as yet undiagnosed.
	www.apfn.org /Saddam-Hussein/radio.htm (2136 words)

	Halabja poison gas attack - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-14)
		The Halabja poison gas attack was an incident on 15 March-19 March 1988 during a major battle in the Iran-Iraq war when chemical weapons were used, allegedly by Iraqi government forces, to kill a number of people in the Iraqi Kurdish town of Halabja (population 80,000).
		The Halabja attack involved multiple chemical agents, including mustard gas, and the nerve agents sarin, tabun and VX." Some sources have also pointed to the blood agent Hydrogen Cyanide.
		The matter is further complicated by the fact that the U.S. State Department, in the immediate aftermath of the incident, instructed its diplomats to say that Iran was partly to blame.
	www.reidsville.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Halabja_poison_gas_attack (1052 words)

	Search: Halabja - FOX News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-14)
		Halabja poison gas attack was an incident on 15 March...
		Halabja is a small town in the northern province of Sulaymaniya (about 260 kilometres north-east of the city of Baghdad).
		Halabja was not the first time Iraq had turned its chemical arsenal on the Kurds...
	search.foxnews.com /_1_2CLLTI804E64GW3__info.foxnws/search/web/Halabja (835 words)

	halabja,halabjah, iraq, north iraq, kurdistan, kurdland, kurd,bloody friday (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-14)
		Halabja which is within 11 kilometers of the nearest Iranian borderline occupies a green and fertile area covered with forest vegetation.
		Halabja is a conservative place, and many more women wear the veil than in the more cosmopolitan Kurdish cities to the northwest and the Arab cities to the south.
		A torpor seems to afflict Halabja; even its bazaar is listless and somewhat empty, in marked contrast to those of other Kurdish cities, which are well stocked with imported goods (history and circumstance have made the Kurds enthusiastic smugglers) and are full of noise and activity.
	www.kdp.pp.se /old/chemical.html (9151 words)

	News
		Halabja stands as a symbol for the larger genocide campaign -- often called the Anfal -- that Saddam inflicted on Iraqi Kurdistan in 1987-1988.
		The horror of Halabja, the sickening pictures of children murdered by chemical weapons, should have forced world leaders to question whether Saddam was just another leader to be dealt with in the world's geo-strategic chess game.
		Indeed, the gassing of Halabja and other Kurdish communities is now known to have been part of a larger experiment to test the effectiveness of Saddam's poisons.
	www.puk.org /web/htm/news/nws/howar050317.html (906 words)

	Avocare: Primer On Halabja:
		As I've talked with people about Halabja, it's become clear that while the popular press has fostered a general appreciation that the Hussein regime has used chemical weapons on its own people, few appreciate the scope or the consequences of the campaign.
		Halabja is a small town in the governorate of Sualimaniyah in Iraqi Kurdistan.
		We found the frequencies in Halabja are at least three to four times greater, even 10 years after the attack.
	www.avocare.net /archives/000921.html (697 words)

	Cloud Over Halabja Begins to Dissipate
		Qadr was the only member of his family to survive the gassing of Halabja by the Iraqi military on March 16, 1988.
		Halabja is firmly under the sway of the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan (PUK), one of two major Kurdish parties that divided administrative power in this semiautonomous region of northern Iraq after the 1991 Persian Gulf War and continue to exercise control here.
		So did many Halabja residents, who said they were afraid of the Islamic group because it had a history of violence and intimidation.
	www.iraqfoundation.org /news/2003/haug/7_halabja.html (1150 words)

	3
		As their target the peshmerga chose Halabja, a town on the plain just a few miles from the border, in a feint that was designed to draw some of the Iraqi troops away from the siege of Sergalou and Bergalou.
		For the Halabja diversion only cemented the view of the Iraqi regime that the war against Iran and the war against the Kurds was one and the same thing.
		Halabja was exemplary collective punishment of the most brutal kind, carried out in bald defiance of all international prohibitions on the use of chemical weapons.
	hrw.org /reports/1993/iraqanfal/ANFAL3.htm (6334 words)

	Secretary Powell Honors Halabja Victims
		The people of Halabja had adorned the graveyard, where thousands of the victims are buried in mass graves, with many pro-American banners.
		Offspring of survivors in Halabja and other targeted towns have been born with or have developed serious medical problems, including deformities and cancers, according to a British medical geneticist, Dr. Christine Gosden, who has tracked problems for a decade.
		Halabja and September 11 were both products of debased politics, the barbarism of terrorists and tyrants that has become a plague afflicting our world.
	www.puk.org /web/htm/news/nws/paul_halabja030915.html (3277 words)

	Halabja
		It is surrounded by the heights of Suran, Balambu, Shireh-roudi and Shaghan in the north, south and east.The lake of the dam of Darbandikhan is to the west of this town.
		Halabja which is within 11 kilometers of the nearest East Kurdistan 0r Iranian borderline occupies a green and fertile area covered with forest vegetation.
		Along with Halabja, Khormal, Dojaileh and their surrounding villages were also chemically bombarded frequently but the center of the catastrophe was Halabja.
	kurdy_person.tripod.com /Pekhshan/id16.html (938 words)

	Hundreds protest as Kurds remember Halabja gas attack : SF Bay Area Indymedia
		Although the poison gas attack on Halabja is frequently invoked as a symbol of their people's suffering by Kurdish leaders the inhabitants of Halabja complain that their houses are dilapidated and supplies of water and electricity are poor.
		Halabja, south east of the Kurdish city of Sulaimaniyah, was sealed off after the shooting by Pesh Merga and police of the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan.
		The authorities in Iraqi Kurdistan faced a major challenge today, March 16, as residents of Halabja — scene of a chemical attack 18 years ago - took to the streets in anger at what they said was cynical exploitation of their plight by local politicians.
	www.indybay.org /news/2006/03/1808179.php (1138 words)

	BBC NEWS \| World \| Middle East \| Iraqi Kurds recall chemical attack
		Iraqi aircraft shelled Halabja with chemical weapons on 16 March 1988, in an attack which left 5,000 dead and 7,000 injured or with long-term illnesses.
		Thousands marched to the city of Halabja to lay wreaths on the graves of victims, whose surviving relatives received the visitors.
		On the road to Halabja, gas masks and shells of the chemical bombs - painted with question marks - were displayed at the entrance to the city.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/world/middle_east/1877161.stm (499 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Halabja poison gas attack
		Halabja is located about 150 miles northeast of Baghdad and 8-10 miles from the Iranian border.Most current accounts of the incident regard Iraq as the party responsible for the gas attack, which occurred during the Iran-Iraq War.
		For example, the TerrorismCentral web site states, "The poison gas attack on the Iraqi town of Halabja was the largest-scale chemical weapons (CW) attack against a civilian population in modern times.
		The CIA altered its position radically in the late 1990s and cited Halabja frequently in its evidence of WMD before the 2003 invasion http://www.cia.gov/cia/reports/iraq_wmd/Iraq_Oct_2002.htm#01
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Halabja_poison_gas_attack (987 words)

	Halabja: Symbol of Hussein's Inhumanity
		In 1988, Halabja, with a population of about 80,000, was a battlefield in the Iran-Iraq war that Saddam Hussein had started in 1980.
		"In the streets and alleys of Halabja, corpses piled up over one another," according to information on the Kurdistan Democratic Party–Iraq Web page: "Tens of children, while playing in front of the their houses in the morning, were martyred instantly….
		Halabja was not the first instance of Iraqi chemical attacks.
	nyjtimes.com /cover/03-17-03/Halabja-Saddam.htm (526 words)

	Kurdo's World
		After the attacks on Halabja, which was the largest chemical attack of the Iraqi government, the American government stand still.
		The people of Halabja don't want movies to tell the world "Hey there was no WMD but look at Halabja" because your silence in 1988 was approval, we don't want people to feel sorry for us after 17 years.
		The new generations in Halabja are a generation of mutated children.
	kurdo.blogspot.com /2005/03/halabja-silence-was-approval-every.html (758 words)

	Halabja statement ERNK (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-14)
		Kurdish representatives were not allowed to attend a conference held in Paris soon after the massacre on the banning of chemical weapons and the UN has violated its own rules by not putting either Saddam or those forces that paved a role in the making of chemical weapons on trial.
		The hundreds of thousands of Kurds who fled after Halabja and the Iran-Iraq war were left at the mercy of Turkey, which rounded the Kurds up into camps, where food and water was poisened leading to hundreds of deaths.
		We believe that on this 10th anniversary of the Halabja massacre all the above facts should be examined and call on international public opinion to break its silence on all such massacres and to support the Kurdish people's freedom struggle being led by the PKK.
	www.xs4all.nl /~kicadam/pers/oud/halabja2.html (707 words)

	Bloody Friday
		Post-mortem examination of the bodies of the chemical bombardment of Halabja has proved that the suffocation of the majority of the martyrs has been due to the inhalation of cyanide gas.
		The City of Halabja, with a population of about 70,000 is in the province of Sulaimanya, 260 kilometers north-east of the city of Baghdad.
		Halabja was just the worst hit of about two-hundred fifty villages targeted by the Iraqi government between April 1987 and August 1988.
	www.sshep.com /bloody_friday.htm (3561 words)

	CNN.com - Kurdish town of Halabja remembers Saddam's chemical attack - Mar. 16, 2003
		Halabja -- where nearly every resident lost at least one loved one that day -- fell silent at 11:20 a.m.
		For the Kurds, the nerve gas and mustard gas attacks on Halabja and other Kurdish villages stand as testaments to their suffering at the hands of Saddam.
		Halabja survivor Tahir Kahyat, who was 24 at the time, said he lost both parents, three brothers and three sisters in the attack.
	www.cnn.com /2003/WORLD/meast/03/16/sprj.irq.massacre.memory.ap (814 words)

	Halabja Bears Scars 18 Years After Chemical Attack
		Halabja's streets are very quiet on a hot afternoon, lending an eerie feeling to this city which was destroyed in a single day.
		Halabja resident, Abdullah, says the day before the chemical attack people in the town were saying Iranian troops had arrived to protect the Kurds from Saddam's army.
		A guard at the cemetery where many of the Halabja victims are buried says he was 16 years old at the time of the attack and living in Iran.
	www.voanews.com /english/archive/2006-07/2006-07-16-voa12.cfm (602 words)

	Halabja Conference Report
		We have representatives of solidarity committees and groups, some of whom were established either because of or came about as a result of the opinion situation after Halabja, and who have done a unique job in keeping the Kurdish issue alive in their respective countries.
		Halabja also led to a more stringent control to be maintained by national governments on the transference of technologies to states that might produce chemical and biological weapons.
		The Halabja tragedy gradually paved the way for the subsequent concern of the International Community in the fate of the Kurdish people in all parts of Kurdistan by placing their struggle for self-rule on the international political agenda that demands regional and international political solutions.
	www.cogsci.ed.ac.uk /~siamakr/Kurdish/KURDICA/1998/APR/halabja.htm (1586 words)

	Questioning Halabja :: Dissent Summer 2003 Issue
		The people of Halabja first took that attack, and the subsequent bombing by the Iraqi air force, as a routine matter, the everyday consequence of living in a stronghold of a Kurdish Peshmerga militia then allied with Iran.
		As soon as word of the gassing reached Iran with the fleeing residents of Halabja, the Iranian government brought international news media to the scene, and film of the devastation was soon aired on newscasts around the globe.
		Yet at a fundamental level, lies were told about Halabja and the Iraqi genocide of the Kurds because the authors of those lies, starting with agencies of the U.S. government, did not trust their audiences with the truth.
	www.dissentmagazine.org /article/?article=487 (2498 words)

	Judge in Saddam Case Meets Kurds on Halabja Attack
		Convicting him on charges such as ordering the chemical attack on Halabja near the Iranian border, which killed an estimated 5,000 people, could be far more difficult because a chain of command must be proven, Iraqi officials and legal experts say.
		Saddam dismissed accusations of genocide in Halabja, saying Iranian forces, with whom Iraq was at war from 1980-88, were the targets.
		Saddam and his aides are also accused of carrying out the Anfal campaign against the Kurds between 1986 and 1989 in which over 100,000 people are said to have been killed and many villages destroyed.
	www.aina.org /news/20050829113547.htm (388 words)

	Unrest in Halabja
		HALABJA, Iraqi Kurdistan — On Thursday of last week, a minute of silence was observed all across Northern Iraq to commemorate the gassing of 5,000 Kurds by Saddam Hussein's government in 1988.
		But in Halabja, where the attack occurred—and where much of the damage is still in evidence today—demonstrators angry with the Kurdish government attempted to block the entry of officials into a ceremony commemorating the attack.
		The people of Halabja are very, very angry.
	www.motherjones.com /news/update/2006/03/unrest_halabja.html (765 words)

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