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	Search: Halabjah - FOX News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		Halabjah, it was concluded that it was the...
		Halabjah, it was concluded that it was the Islamic Republic, and not Iraq, that was responsible for the mass murder of...
		Halabjah honors victims of the March 16, 1988, chemical attack on the town by Iraqi troops.
	search.foxnews.com /info.foxnws/redirs_all.htm?pgtarg=wbsdogpile&qcat=web&qkw=Halabjah (595 words)

	SignOnSanDiego.com > Showdown with Iraq -- Face of war much different in the north
		Mariwan Kamal, 27, a Kurdish peshmerga fighter who was wounded in the suicide bombing of Halabjah, turned away from his grief-stricken mother in embarrassment as his friend, Fatih Abdulla, tried to calm her.
		HALABJAH, Iraq – Three days into the military campaign to remove Saddam Hussein, complex regional clashes igniting in northern Iraq offered a stark contrast to the spectacle of massive bombing and speedy advances of armor seen in the south.
		They were on the way from the Halabjah, Iraq, checkpoint where Rebwar was killed in a suicide bombing to a hospital in the city of Sulaimaniyah.
	www.signonsandiego.com /news/world/iraq/border/20030322-2035-iraq-north.html (1382 words)

	SignOnSanDiego.com > Showdown with Iraq -- Lingering scars (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		Aras Abid Ekrem sat in a cemetery in Halabjah, Iraq, reflecting on the deaths of 23 members of his family killed 15 years ago after Saddam Hussein attacked this Kurdish town in northern Iraq with mustard gas and nerve agents.
		HALABJAH, Iraq – Aras Abid Ekrem sat by a mound of cemetery grass and a fl sign he'd planted.
		Although Halabjah lies south of the 36th parallel, which marks the northern protective "no-fly" zone, no Iraqi warplanes have been seen in the skies here for years.
	www.signonsandiego.com /news/world/iraq/border/20030302-9999_1n2chem.html (1091 words)

	Iraq Endless war part 2 : Melbourne Indymedia
		However, the particular reference is to Halabjah, a Kurdish town near the border with Iran.
		After the Halabjah incident and the claims by the Congressional committee the US Army War College in conj- unction with the Defense Intelligence Agency commissioned three experts, professors Stephen C. Pelletiere and Leif Rosenberger and Lt Colonel Douglas Johnson of the Strategic Studies Institute of the US War College at Carlisle to investigate.
		Halabjah, has been investigated over a long period by Jude Wanniski, an economist, whose articles are available at http://www.supplysideinvestor.com.
	melbourne.indymedia.org /mail.php?id=71612 (9962 words)

	Congressman Mark Steven Kirk - 10th District of Illinois
		The two better understand and appreciate the extent of the trauma and suffering caused by the survivors of the victims whether in Halabjah, New York, Virginia or elsewhere in America or the world.
		Just as Halabjah became the symbol for Kurdish struggle against oppression, death, and violation of human rights, so have the twin towers of the World Trade center and the Pentagon become symbols of American solidarity to overcome evil and exterminate terrorism.
		While the Al-Qaeda terrorists are being chased in Afganistan, the perpetrators of the Halabjah and Anfal crimes are still at-large although attempts are underway to bring them to justice.
	www.house.gov /kirk/halabja_shemdin_testimony.htm (892 words)

	[No title]
		The population of the city of Halabjah, which is situated at the foot of Sirwan Mountain, has always supported Islamists in the region since the Islamic revolution despite the fact that their Shafi'i Sunni sect is different from the Iranian Shiite sect.
		It is not clear whether or not the residents of Halabjah and nearby villages have heeded the calls [in the leaflets], since we have observed the spread of the veil phenomenon among the majority of schoolgirls.
		We were not able to breathe." The massacre in Halabjah was highlighted by the international media by a photograph showing the corpses of a father and his son.
	pub.tv2.no /multimedia/TV2/archive/00161/Profiler_-_Ansar_al_161898a.doc (15167 words)

	Crimes Of War Project > The Book
		Halabjah should not have come as the surprise it did.
		But even the outcry over Halabjah did not stop Iraq from again using chemical weapons against its Kurds (technically not even a violation of the 1925 Geneva Protocol on chemical weapons, whose virtually toothless provisions had not foreseen wartime use by signatory governments against their own citizens).
		Forensic evidence she gathered showed survivors suffering from horrifying genetic defects, skin lesions, respiratory ailments, unusually high rates of aggressive cancers and miscarriages, birth deformities such as cleft palates and harelips, lung disorders, and heart disease.
	www.crimesofwar.org /thebook/iran-iraq-war.html (2163 words)

	ToI Article
		In March 1988, the Kurds at Halabjah were bombarded with chemical weapons, producing many deaths.
		However, in the Halabjah incident, the USAWC investigators discovered that the gas used that killed hundreds of Kurds was the non-persistent gas, the chemical weapon of choice of the Iranians.
		Note it was the Iranians who arrived at the scene first, who reported the incident to UN observers, and who took pictures of the gassed Kurdish civilians.
	www.mail-archive.com /assam@pikespeak.uccs.edu/msg00991.html (692 words)

	Halabja: How Bush Sr. Continued to Support Saddam After the 1988 Gassing of Thousands And Bush Jr. Used it As a Pretext ...
		But rather than refer to events in which the U.S. Reagan administration was complicit, they concocted a phony atrocity, and that, of course, was the “Nayirah Testimony” where this tearful young girl said she saw Iraqi soldiers rip babies out of incubators and leave them to die in occupied Kuwait.
		More recently, I think they’ve got the American public duped and confused into thinking that Halabjah was some sort of recent event because they are now repeating the Halabjah story over and over, and it’s been echoed over and over in the news since September 2002.
		Only a few of the journalists who wrote about Halabjah in 2002 and this year bothered to mention that Saddam committed his worst atrocities while the president’s father was showering him with financial aid.
	www.informationclearinghouse.info /article4853.htm (2820 words)

	In Kurdish Iraq: Breaking bread, sharing Gospel after a day amid Halabjah’s sorrows - (BP) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		A memorial to the victims and a cemetery mark the atrocity, while the name, Halabjah, has become synonymous with the larger tragedy of the Kurdish people, as well as their perseverance.
		We leave Halabjah, heading for a nearby city where we were able to confirm hotel reservations.
		The memorial cemetery in Halabjah honors victims of the March 16, 1988, chemical attack on the town by Iraqi troops.
	www.bpnews.org /bpnews.asp?ID=21442 (1258 words)

	FrontPage magazine.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		Fortunately for the future of Iraqi-U.S. ties, the sanctions measure failed to pass on a bureaucratic technicality (it was attached as a rider to a bill that died before adjournment).
		In March 1988, the Kurds at Halabjah were bombarded with chemical weapons, producing a great many deaths.
		Iraq was blamed for the Halabjah attack, even though it was subsequently brought out that Iran too had used chemicals in this operation, and it seemed likely that it was the Iranian bombardment that had actually killed the Kurds.
	www.frontpagemag.com /GoPostal/commentdetail.asp?ID=2185&commentID=4816 (736 words)

	Memo, 4-7-98; What Happened in Halabjah?
		Fortunately for the future of Iraqi-U.S. ties, the sanctions measure failed to pass on a bureaucratic technicality (it was attached as a rider to a bill that died before adjournment).
		In March 1988, the Kurds at Halabjah were bombarded with chemical weapons, producing a great many deaths.
		Iraq was blamed for the Halabjah attack, even though it was subsequently brought out that Iran too had used chemicals in this operation, and it seemed likely that it was the Iranian bombardment that had actually killed the Kurds.
	www.polyconomics.com /searchbase/04-07-98.html (1454 words)

	StrategyTalk.org :: View topic - The gassing of the Kurds - Halabjah
		As far as I understand the Halabjah event occurred during a battle between Iraqi and Iranian troops in which both sides used gas.
		When I google Halabjah, there seem to be several articles on the gassing of the Kurds, perhaps from different viewpoints.
		Chemical agents used were a "cocktail" of Mustard gas (which affects skin, eyes, and the membranes of the nose, throat, and lungs), and the nerve gases Sarin, Tabun, and VX.
	www.strategytalk.org /phpBB2/viewtopic.php?p=26185&sid=59fba139e7b16c2c04d9f1ca43822d4e (2279 words)

	RADIO FREE EUROPE/ RADIO LIBERTY
		The anniversary of Halabjah is a remembrance of a human tragedy and of the crime that has been committed by Saddam's dictatorship.
		The martyrs of Halabjah and the martyrs of the uprising are those to whom belongs the honor and the praise.
		The Kurdish town of Halabjah marked the 17th anniversary of the Halabjah massacre when Hussein's forces attacked the town with chemical weapons, including mustard gas, on 16 March, RFI reported.
	www.rferl.org /newsline/2005/03/6-SWA/swa-160305.asp (1979 words)

	Pulse of the Twin Cities - Locally Grown Alternative Newspaper (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		Regarding the Halabjah incident where Iraqi soldiers where reported to have gassed their own Kurdish citizens, the U.S. Army War College investigators observed: “It appears that in seeking to punish Iraq, Congress was influenced by another incident that occurred five months earlier in another Iraq-Kurdish city, Halabjah.
		Iran learnt of the Iraqi occupation and the flight of the Kurds and attacked Halabjah with non-persistent chemical gas.
		The Halabjah incident is one of the reasons being proposed now by President Bush for conducting a full-scale American military assault on Iraq.
	www.pulsetc.com /article.php?sid=325 (1229 words)

	BBC News \| MIDDLE EAST \| Iraqi Kurds fear new Islamist group
		Jund al-Islam declared their jihad against the "secular and apostate forces that are waiting for an opportunity to overpower Islam and the Muslims of Kurdistan; and waiting to implement the sinister plans of the Jewish, Christian and all other apostate leaders".
		After the attack 23 September, the PUK seized the the IUMK-controlled town of Halabjah, but did not oust Jund al-Islam from the villages of Tawela and Biyarah.
		The IUMK's London representative, Ihsan Ali Abdalaziz, said that Iran is currently mediating between their group and the PUK in order for them to return to Halabjah, as is specified under the agreement reached in Tehran.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/world/middle_east/1572478.stm (760 words)

	The Other Iraq, by Wayne Myers
		In 1988 Halabjah was an agricultural hub town with over 50,000 people.
		Halabjah was one of 280 towns and villages attacked with chemical weapons.
		Western journalists and photographers happened to be in Halabjah at the time and made the atrocity known to the outside world.
	www.umaine.edu /mcsc/mpr/Vol13No2/myers/myers.htm (1454 words)

	Steve Quayle News Alerts
		Today, the fall of Halabjah would open the way for Iraqi military intelligence to pour combat units dressed as tribesmen - some reports reaching DEBKA-Net-Weekly suggest they are already on the move - into the area.
		Such combined Iraqi-al Qaeda thrusts my not be confined to the Halabjah region; similar units may try the same tactic to capture the oil cities of Mosul and Kirkuk.
		It would be enough for the Iraqis and their allies to grab a second small piece of territory from American or Turkish special troops to place a big question mark over the launching of a general US offensive against Iraq in early winter.
	www.stevequayle.com /News.alert/Mideast_Madness/021206.Mideast.roundup.html (7073 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		We also remember the victims of the attack on Al Najaf Al Ashraf, on August 29, in the vicinity of the Holy Shrine of Imam Ali and right after the Friday prayers, which brutally killed the late Ayatullah Muhammad Baqir Al-Hakim, peace be on his soul and injuring eighty others.
		A simple calculation tells you that approximately half a million died of gas exposure in Halabjah and the rest of Iraqi Kurdistan.
		May God the All mighty bless the souls of the victims of Halabjah, Al Najaf Al Ashraf, ARBIL, Karbala, Al-Kadhimiya and the US soldiers who died for liberating Iraq.
	www.klawrojna.com /Noosin/Nijyar/March14SpeechforJointRememberingOFArbil.html (624 words)

	Islamic Movement of Kurdistan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		Set up a governing body in the Halabjah region of northern Iraq in 1998, but reportedly does not impose strict Islamic law.
		Abd al-Rahman Abd al-Rahim, a member of the group's consultative council, told London-based "Al-Sharq al-Awsat" in an interview published on 5 August 2003 that the movement's leader was unjustly arrested by U.S. forces in Halabjah.
		He claimed that Mullah Ali Abd al-Aziz is a member of the former Iraqi opposition who has since called for "means other than weapons" to further the movement's agenda.
	www.globalsecurity.org /military/world/iraq/imk.htm (244 words)

	Report Suppressed: Iran Gassed Kurds, Not Iraq
		Regarding the Halabjah incident where Iraqi soldiers were reported to have gassed their own Kurdish citizens, the USAWC investigators observed: “It appears that in seeking to punish Iraq, Congress was influenced by another incident that occurred five months earlier in another Iraq-Kurdish city, Halabjah.
		But the Iraqis had already vacated Halabjah and the Kurds had returned.
		In March 1991 as the massive US-led attack on Iraq ended, I was visiting the USAWC to give a lecture on South Asian security and discussed this problem with professor Pelletiere at lunch.
	www.informationclearinghouse.info /article5257.htm (863 words)

	NPR : Profile: Ethnic Kurds in Northern Iraq Battling Islamic Extremists (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		The group was born here in the town of Halabjah, located at the foot of the Zagros Mountains next to northern Iraq's border with Iran.
		When the PUK government's army fought to retake control of the area last October, almost all of the Islamists gave in; that is, except for the several hundred die-hard members of Ansar.
		Ivan Watson, NPR News, Halabjah in northern Iraq.
	www.npr.org /programs/morning/transcripts/2002/aug/020821.watson.html (880 words)

	TASK FORCE V LESSONS LEARNED: THE IRAN-IRAQ WAR
		(U) Blood agents were allegedly responsible for the most infamous use of chemicals in the war--the killing of Kurds at Halabjah.
		Since the Iraqis have no history of using these two agents--and the Iranians do--this leads us to conclude the Iranians perpetrated this attack.
		It is also worth noting that, lethal concentrations of cyanogen are difficult to obtain over an area target, thus the reports of 5,000 Kurds dead in Halabjah are suspect.
	www.gulflink.osd.mil /declassdocs/af/19961205/120596_aaday_02.html (399 words)

	The Fourth Rail: The Apologists (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		But on close inspection of the report the CIA clearly implicates the Iraqi military (Chapter titled "Evolution of the Chemical Warfare Program", in the chart labeled “Examples of Known Iraqi Use of CW” [scroll down]).
		Blood agents were allegedly responsible for the most infamous use of chemicals in the war—the killing of Kurds at Halabjah.
		Note that the report states “Blood agents were allegedly responsible”, but there was no definitive conclusion made by the Army War College.
	www.billroggio.com /archives/2004/12/the_apologists_1.php (1329 words)

	Some bits (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		Jack Straw repeated the bit about Saddam Hussein gassing 5000 Kurds in Halabjah in 1988 just now, which prompts me to post the following link: http://www.fas.org/man/dod-101/ops/war/docs/3203/ ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ MARINE CORPS HISTORICAL PUBLICATION FMFRP 3-203 - Lessons Learned: Iran-Iraq War, [...] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ written by some guys from the Strategic Studies Institute of the U.S. Army War College.
		Blood agents were allegedly responsible for the most infamous use of chemicals in the war the killing of Kurds at Halabjah.
		Since the Iraqis have no history of using these two agents - and the Iranians do - we conclude that the Iranians perpetrated this attack.
	www.xent.com /pipermail/fork/2003-February/017646.html (337 words)

	History Will Not Forgive Them, by Jack Rabbit - Democratic Underground
		Indeed, it is a crime, along with the other just named and many more not named, for which Saddam should have stood before an international tribunal for war crimes and crimes against humanity.
		Imagine: Tony Blair would have us think that an attempt to purchase uranium for Niger twenty years ago is evidence that Saddam was attempting to buy more unranium and build a nuclear bomb since 1998.
		Neither the Halabjah massacre in 1988 nor the attempt to purchase uranium for Niger in the 1980s can be used as a justification for invading Iraq in the spring of 2003.
	www.democraticunderground.com /articles/03/07/22_history.html (1827 words)

	Local News \| News for Charlotte, North Carolina \| WCNC.com \| World (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-18)
		HALABJAH, Iraq – Joy has been in short supply in Halabjah for the 17 years since a 1988 poison gas attack killed 5,000 people.
		For Adham Saeed and his wife, Bahar Ahmad, who lost 16 close relatives in the attack, the only unpleasant surprise during Wednesday's televised proceedings was when the couple realized that Mr.
		For many residents of Halabjah, a town of 60,000 in Kurdish-controlled northern Iraq, the trial formalities appeared tedious and frustratingly slow.
	www.wcnc.com /sharedcontent/dws/news/world/stories/102005dnintsaddamtrial.10bebab3b.html (1346 words)

	1988: This Far and No Further
		March 17: The Halabjah massacre takes place just inside the Iraqi border; over 5,000 Kurds die from chemical weapons.
		Britain and Washington attempt to cover up the Halabjah gassing; the US attempts to pin the blame on Iran.
		Interestingly enough, the Halabjah massacre is barely mentioned as a justification for war in 1991, and is mentioned a scant 20 times in media articles in 1989.
	www.iraqtimeline.com /1988.html (3361 words)

	Re: Irak/USA: Bushs erfundener Genozid - 06.02.03 - Gerhard Lange c/o GIV in cl.aktuelles.umschau
		However, in the Halabjah incident, the USAWC investigators discovered that the gas used that killed hundreds of Kurds was the non-persistent gas, the chemical weapon of choice of the Iranians." Professor Chalmers further noted that the Iranians thought the Kurds had fled Halabjah and that they were attacking Iraqi forces.
		Iran gassed the Kurds by accident." It is explained furthermore that it was the Iranians who arrived at the scene first, who reported the incident to UN observers, and who took pictures of the gassed Kurdish civilians.
		Because neither Iran nor Iraq had allowed reporters or foreign military observers at the front, the report drew on field reports, open source materials, and "signal intelligence" phone and radio messages sent by the warring armies, and picked up by the National Security Agency.
	www.nadeshda.org /foren/cl.aktuelles.umschau/49.html (5499 words)

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