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Topic: Hallucigenia

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	Hallucigenia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Hallucigenia is an extinct genus of animal found as fossils in the Middle Cambrian-aged Burgess Shale formation of British Columbia, Canada.
		The 0.5 to 3 cm-long animal is wormlike — that is, long and narrow — with a poorly defined blob, or stain, on one end.
		An alternative interpretation favored by some paleontologists was that Hallucigenia is actually an appendage of some larger, unknown animal.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Hallucigenia (744 words)

	Hallucigenia
		Hallucigenia sparsa is an extinct animal genus so named because when Simon Conway Morris[?] re-examined Walcott[?]'s Burgess Shale genus Canadia[?] in 1979, he found that it included several quite different animals.
		Some paleontologists accept Ramiskold and Hou's interpretation of the animals legs, spines, and head, but believe that Hallucigenia might be an 'armored lobopod' related to Anomalocaris rather than (or as well as) being related to the Onychophora.
		It remains possible that Hallucigenia is an appendage of a larger creature.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ha/Hallucigenia.html (573 words)

	Hallucigenia: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Canadia is an extinct polychaete annelid known from fossils found in the burgess shale formation of british columbia....
		Lobopodia are a collection of poorly understood animals from the early cambrian -- the beginning of well fossilized animal life....
		(Hallucigenia has very little resemblance to modern Onychophora[Follow this hyperlink for a summary of this subject].
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/h/ha/hallucigenia.htm (1552 words)

	The Sea Slug Forum - Okenia hallucigenia
		The whole of the animal is bright pink except for the tips of the mantle processes, the gills, and the rhinophores which are a deeper, redder shade of the same colour.
		Okenia hallucigenia is often found with the very similar looking Okenia stellata on the bryozoan Pleurotoichus clathratus.
		hallucigenia, its diameter matching that of the cylindrical branches of the bryozoan on which it lives and feeds.
	www.seaslugforum.net /factsheet.cfm?base=okenhall (582 words)

	B16: The History of Life: Source Book
		The larger conclusion seems inescapable: in the great period of maximal anatomical variety and experimentation that followed right after the Cambrian explosion first populated the earth with multicellular animals of modern design, the Onychophora represented a substantial and independent group of diverse and successful marine organisms.
		Life may have reached a maximal spread of anatomical experimentation in these early days--and later history may be epitomized as a diminution of these initial possibilities by decimation, rather than a continual expansion.
		However much I may regret the loss of a wonderful weirdo in the reversal of Hallucigenia, and in its consequent change in status from oddball to onychophoran, I am more than compensated by fascinating insight into the history of the ancestors of my favorite name bearer, Peripatus.
	www.sjgarchive.org /library/text/b16/p0323.htm (744 words)

	"Hallucigenia"
		Hallucigenia has always struck me as a danger zone in Burgess Shale research.
		The Sci American article mentioned that there's a fossil in a collection at Harvard showing several Hallucigenia "associated with" a large worm - "leaving little doubt" that H was feeding on the worm.
		Fine-tuning in recent years has moved Hallucigenia from its own phylum into the onycophorans, Peytoia into nonexistence, etc. This is to be expected when dealing with such a weird assortment of critters.
	moobunny.dreamhosters.com /cgi/mbmessage.pl/evo/798.shtml (964 words)

	Past lives: Chronicles of Canadian Paleontology - The <em>Hallucigenia</em> flip
		Hallucigenia, one of the weirdest and rarest of the fossils from Walcott's Quarry, has probably received more column space in the scientific and popular press than any of the other Burgess Shale fossils.
		He named this small fossil Hallucigenia and reconstructed it as a cylindrical trunk balanced on seven pairs of slender spikes with a single row of seven tentacles along its back.
		To put it in perspective, it is comparable to an art historian asking the curator of Rembrandt paintings at the Riiksmuseum in Amsterdam to allow him to flake away some of the paint of "The Night Watch" to determine if Rembrandt had painted over the face of the original captain of the company.
	gsc.nrcan.gc.ca /paleochron/09_e.php (555 words)

	B16: The History of Life: Source Book
		Hallucigenia is so peculiar, so hard to imagine as an efficiently working beast that we must entertain the possibility of a very different solution.
		Hallucigenia received the lion's share of attention--and one suggestion cropped up again and again, in at least twenty separate letters.
		Moreover, when you turn Hallucigenia upside down on the assumption that two rows of tentacles adorn the topside of Conway Morris's version, then the inverted beast immediately says "onychophoran" to any expert, for the little paired pincers at the end of each tentacle become dead ringers for onychophoran claws.
	www.sjgarchive.org /library/text/b16/p0322.htm (844 words)

	Hallucinogène
		Hallucigenia is probably the most bizarre member of the Burgess Shale fauna, and even simple facts such as which end went up have been debated for years (i.e., did it go spikes up or tentacles up?
		Hallucigenia was tiny--half an inch long--and the exaggerated perspective in the drawing is meant to convey her sense of her underwater world.
		Hallucigenia's journey down into the tropical geothermal vent is both dangerous and surreally beautiful, and the tone of this drawing was inspired by the song "Having A Moment" by Kinobe.
	www.azhdarcho.com /Art/Paleoart/cambrian.htm (901 words)

	Creatures of the Cambrian (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Discovered by Simon Conway Morris, the hallucigenia is one of the strangest creatures found in the Burgess shale.
		The currently accepted arrangement of hallucigenia is that proposed by Ramiskold and Hou Xingxuang, depicted by the 3D model.
		However, some believe that hallucigenia may not be an independent creature at all (while guesses can be made, no one currently is even sure which end is the head, contributing to this theory), but rather the appendage of a larger creature not preserved in the fossil record.
	ees2.geo.rpi.edu /older_pic_pages/clife/Hallucigenia.html (201 words)

	Hallucigenia, fossil reconstruction and imagination
		All these ingredients are present in the case of an organism named Hallucigenia, first described in 1977 by Conway Morris in the journal Palaeontology.
		Hallucigenia comes from to the famous Burgess Shale assemblage of fossils, considered to be of great importance in understanding the evolution of life on Earth.
		After comparing the characteristics of the Hallucigeniafossils with those of their own, they were able to conclude that the reconstruction was wrong, that Hallucigenia was actually an armoured velvet worm, and that it belongs to the phylum Onychophora.
	www.biblicalcreation.org.uk /scientific_issues/bcs007.html (650 words)

	Creature Catalog - Preview Creature
		The hallucigenia, perhaps aptly named because some explorers swear that it must be a hallucination, is a creature with an anatomy so strange that nothing about it can be assumed.
		This subspecies of hallucigenia is a pure carnivore, subsisting on blood alone.
		The hallucigenia must currently be climbing along the ceiling or wall to use this ability.
	www.enworld.org /cc/converted/view_c.php?CreatureID=863 (466 words)

	InfoHub Forums - Hallucigenia - A Sea Creature of the Cambrian
		Hallucigenia - A Sea Creature of the Cambrian
		Hallucigenia sparsa was a creature that lived in the seas during the Cambrian period.
		However, many paleontologists doubt that Hallucigenia should be considered a member of Onychophora.
	www.infohub.com /forums/showthread.php?t=2921 (211 words)

	Do Unto OthersProject-Church of the Science of God
		This sausage-shaped sea creature which died out half a billion years ago, early in the Cambrian Period, was said to have walked on seven pairs of spikes and to have sported a row of wavy tentacles along its back.
		Those fossils made clear that the Hallucigenia researchers had known was a figment of their imagination: they had been looking at it up-side down.
		But the confusion surrounding Hallucigenia is emble-matic of a much larger debate now going on in paleontological circles, one that opposes two radically different—indeed, inverted—views of the history of life on Earth.
	www.dountoothers.org /whosview.html (1417 words)

	National Museum of Natural History - Paleobiology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		When originally discovered at the Burgess Shale site in Canada, the Hallucigenia fossils were squashed flat within the shale layer (like every other Burgess Shale fossil) with two sets of "spines" appearing to stick out in one direction and one set of "tentacles" in the other.
		Not only that, those tentacles on the "back" seemed to have a mouth at each tip, and were believed to be the feeding aids.
		Fortunately, recent findings of exceptionally well preserved specimens of an animal related to Hallucigenia in Early Cambrian Chengjiang Fauna of China finally showed us there was a second set of tentacles opposite the spiny projections, each tipped with a set of claws.
	www.nmnh.si.edu /paleo/shale/phallu.htm (411 words)

	EN World - Morrus' D&D / d20 News & Reviews Site - Acidic hallucigenia from Dragon #204(first conversion)
		Acidic hallucigenia use their tremorsense to detect potential prey; the rhythmic motions associated with the somatic components of certain spells will often draw a hallucigenia's attention.
		Once in combat, a hallucigenia will use its array of pincer-tipped tentacles and spiked legs to attack until its opponents are unable to retaliate.
		Oh, and since hallucigenias aren't bipeds and don't have tentacles, I'd say that their space/reach is 10ft/5ft, not 10ft/10ft.
	www.enworld.org /forums/showthread.php?t=98209 (786 words)

	Futuristics : Automotive Transportation Gallery
		Transportation and safety in Japan : the Hallucigenia project : incorporating robotics with vehicle technology.
		The Hallucigenia Project aims to introduce robotics technologies to the automobile.
		Unlike automobiles, which have a single driving component, robots typically have driving components located in various parts.
	www.lib.berkeley.edu /news_events/exhibits/futuristics/auto/20.html (109 words)

	Burgess Shale scene - Dinosaurs and Extinct Species, Fish & Amphibians at The Natural History Museum, London
		Anomalocaris with hooked claws, Pikaia is the eel-like chordate, Hallucigenia on the sea bed and Marrella.
		Keywords: burgess shale, extinct, hallucigenia, seafloor, sibbick, john, illustration, scene, ancient, cambrian, anomalocaris, pikaia, chordate, marella
		The Burgess Shale is a fossil-bearing rock formation created over 500 million years ago by a huge mud slide located in British Columbia, Canada.
	piclib.nhm.ac.uk /piclib/www/image.php?img=57035 (102 words)

	Spymac :: Forums :: Technology :: Hardware Central :: Hallucigenia, The Alpha! The Omega! Of Transportation!!! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		It was the name given to the fossil remains of an organism that went extinct during the Cambrian period 420 millions years ago.
		The paleontologists who discovered it in the Burgess shale in British Columbia had no idea what it was since it was so bizarre looking so they gave it the name hallucigenia.
		For many years it was wrongly flipped upside down because it had dorsal spines that were mistaken as legs.
	www.spymac.com /forums/showthread.php?threadid=52082 (407 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Hairs present on the arms of the cup may have been used by this probably filter feeder to create water currents.
		The name Hallucigenia refers to its bizarre and dream-like appearance.
		Seven tentacles on the dorsal surface were used to grasp food with.
	park.org /Canada/Museum/burgessshale/misc1-3.html (154 words)

	Fake fossils - EvoWiki (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		A ring-shaped creature, Peytoia, turned out to be the mouth of Anomalocaris -- and what was first thought to be the bulk of the animal turned out to be its front appendages.
		The worm Hallucigenia was first reconstructed as walking on some long spines and having mysterious upward tubes; turning it upside-down yielded a more reasonable reconstruction: an animal that walks with stubby legs and protects itself with upward-pointing spines.
		Such misidentifications are not, in and of themselves, particularly harmful to the scientists who make them, nor yet to science in general; it's only when a scientist clings to an error long past the time it has been demonstrated to be such, that any harm is done.
	wiki.cotch.net /index.php/Fake_fossils (1591 words)

	Burgess Shale Early Cambrian Explosion Wiwaxia Opabinia Pleurocystites Anomalocaris Laggania Hallucigenia Olenoides
		Instead, it was an active predator and scavenger moving about the muddy seafloor.
		Originally the Hallucigenia was thought to have stood on its spines, with the tentacles upward.
		Click on the Site A icon left for more diorama listed by location Click on the Site B icon to the right for Dioramas organized by period or by manufacturer.
	www.dinosaurcollector.150m.com /PaleoSea2.html (748 words)

	Is Hallucigenia an arthropod?
		Based on the available evidence, is Hallucigenia part of the arthropod lineage?
		Is Hallucigenia’s body divided into discrete segments like a centipede’s or is its body smooth and continuous?
		Hallucigenia fossil photo by Chip Clark, Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution
	evolution.berkeley.edu /evolibrary/article/0_0_0/cambrian_14 (102 words)

	The Sea Slug Forum - Okenia hallucigenia
		Fea, R. & Coombs, J., 2005 (May 9) Okenia hallucigenia from Bare Island, Sydney.
		This is Okenia hallucigenia which is usually found on, or near, the pinkish red bryozoan colony, Pleurotoichus clathratus, on which it feeds.
		Comment on Okenia hallucigenia from Bare Island, Sydney by R. Fea & J. Coombs.
	www.seaslugforum.net /display.cfm?id=13723 (185 words)

	Hallucigenia: A mysterious onychophoran?
		By our definition, Hallucigenia was not actually an arthropod.
		It did not have jointed legs or a segmented body covered in a hard exoskeleton.
		In the 1990s, after studying newly discovered fossils, scientists finally identified Hallucigenia as a close relative of a rare modern animal known as an onychophoran.
	evolution.berkeley.edu /evolibrary/article/0_0_1/cambrian_15 (132 words)

	Fossil Record of the Onychophora (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Others, such as the infamous Hallucigenia, were armored with long spines; until very recently it was thought that Hallucigenia was not an onychophoran-like animal at all, but instead was a bizarre creature that stood and possibly "walked" on its spines (Ramskold, 1992).
		The picture on the bottom above shows a latex cast of a third such fossil, one of the earliest known: Xenusion, from early Cambrian sandstones of eastern Europe.
		This form was also armed with spines, although they were shorter that those of Hallucigenia.
	www.ucmp.berkeley.edu /onychoph/onychophorafr.html (244 words)

	InfoHub Forums - Hallucigenia - A Sea Creature of the Cambrian
		- - Hallucigenia - A Sea Creature of the Cambrian (http://www.infohub.com/forums/showthread.php?t=2921)
		06-02-2005 12:21 PM Hallucigenia - A Sea Creature of the Cambrian
		So the question has been asked: How did Hallucigenia feed?
	www.infohub.com /forums/printthread.php?t=2921 (206 words)

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