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Topic: Halocarbon

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	Encyclopedia: Halocarbon
		Halocarbon compounds are chemicals in which one or more carbon atoms are linked by covalent bonds with one or more halogen atoms: fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine.
		The aims of this project were therefore to contribute to the knowledge of the occurrence, distribution and dynamics of biogenic halogenated gases in seawater, and to test the hypothesis that the ocean is a source of the light alkyl nitrates.
		Halocarbons that contain chlorine (CFCs and HCFCs) and bromine (halons) cause ozone depletion, and their emissions are controlled under the Montreal Protocol and its Adjustment and Amendments.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Halocarbon (396 words)

	IC Knowledge - Glossary - H
		Halocarbon 14 does not have a formally established TLV but 1,000ppm is recommended.
		Halocarbon 14 is used as an etch gas.
		Halocarbon 23 does not have a formally established TLV but 1,000ppm is recommended.
	www.icknowledge.com /glossary/h.html (852 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The method of claim 1 wherein the amphiphobic halocarbon particles are selected from the group consisting of polytetrafluorethylene, polychlorotrifluoroethylene, polyhexafluoropropylene, polyvinylidine fluoride, polyvinylfluoride, copolymer mixtures of tetrafluorethylene and ethylene, and mixtures of tetrafluoroethylene, propylene and fluorinated copolymers of ethylene propylene.
		A method of delivering pharmaceutical active ingredients comprising combining amphiphobic halocarbon particles and at least one amphiphilic lipid having at least 2 hydroxyl groups and adding at least one pharmaceutical active ingredient to the combination, wherein the combination is anhydrous.
		A composition comprising amphiphobic halocarbon particles; and amphiphilic lipids having at least 2 hydroxyl groups, wherein the composition is anhydrous.
	www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=03/103624.040226&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (822 words)

	Method for laser-assisted silicon etching using halocarbon ambients - US Patent 5348609 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		An apparatus for maskless laser-assisted etching of silicon in a gaseous halocarbon ambient comprising:
		The etching reaction occurs since the halogen atom(s) in the adsorbed halocarbon ambient dissociates and a volatile species is formed from the reaction between the halogen and the molten silicon.
		Halocarbon (chlorofluorocarbon) process gas delivery and control system 70 is used to control the environment within processing chamber 40 and thereby introduce the proper halocarbon gas 40' at the correct pressure.
	www.patentstorm.us /patents/5348609.html (8790 words)

	Stratospheric Ozone - Fact Sheet: Federal Halocarbon Regulations (2003)
		Any halocarbon release contained in a refrigeration, air conditioning or fire extinguishing system (or in the containers and devices associated with such systems) is prohibited, except as stated in the Regulations.
		Halocarbons must always be recovered before any work that may result in the release of a halocarbon is done.
		Moreover, halocarbons must always be stored, purchased, transported and recovered in containers designed and manufactured to be refilled and to contain that specific type of halocarbon, except as stated in the Regulations.
	www.ec.gc.ca /ozone/Docs/Regulations/FHR/FactSheets/EN/factSheetFHR2003.cfm (1460 words)

	Hybrid lubricant including halocarbon oil - Patent 4127491
		Halocarbon oils are saturated, hydrogen-free chloro-fluorocarbons which are chemically inert, have high thermal stability and good lubricity as well as high density and non-polar characteristics.
		While halocarbon oils are excellent lubricants and can be substituted directly for conventional lubricants in some applications, their use in automotive engines and other machines having similar metals has heretofore been interdicted.
		However, in the context of the present invention, a halocarbon oil in the hybrid lubricant containing dispersed PTFE particles serves to produce an advantageous reaction; for this reaction, when the relative amount of halocarbon oil present is quite small, acts to fluorinate the metal surfaces being lubricated.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /4127491.html (6144 words)

	Canada Gazette
		The purpose of these Regulations is to reduce and prevent emissions of ozone-depleting substances and of their halocarbon alternatives from equipment used on federal and aboriginal lands and by federal works and undertakings.
		The current Federal Halocarbon Regulations apply to halocarbon refrigeration, air conditioning, fire extinguishing and solvent cleaning systems as well as any associated container or device that is located on federal land or aboriginal land, or is a part of a federal work or undertaking.
		A solvent system does not include those applications or systems that use halocarbons as laboratory analytical standards or laboratory reagents or in a process in which they are converted to another substance or are generated but ultimately converted to a different substance.
	canadagazette.gc.ca /partI/2002/20021207/html/regle-e.html (8153 words)

	Stratospheric Ozone - Federal Halocarbon Regulations Compliance Guide for Solvent Systems
		Halocarbon solvents are liquid substances capable of dissolving or dispersing one or more other substances.
		This does not include halocarbons used as analytical standards or reagents in a laboratory, or in a process in which they are being converted to another substance, or are generated but ultimately converted to a different substance.
		It is mandatory for you to ensure that records be maintained whenever a halocarbon solvent system is installed, serviced, leak tested, charged or has any other work done on it that may result in the release of a halocarbon.
	www.ec.gc.ca /ozone/docs/regulations/fhr/guides/en/solvent_comp.cfm (1971 words)

	Federal Halocarbon Regulations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		"halocarbon" means a substance set out in Schedule 1, whether existing alone or in a mixture, and includes isomers of any such substance.
		"reclaimed", in respect of a halocarbon, means recovered, re-processed and upgraded through processes such as filtering, drying, distilling and treating chemically in order to restore the halocarbon to industry-accepted re-use standards that have been verified by chemical analysis.
		It does not include halocarbons used in a laboratory as analytical standards or laboratory reagents or halocarbons in a process in which they are being converted to another substance or are generated but are ultimately converted to a different substance.
	laws.justice.gc.ca /en/c-15.31/sor-99-255/68492.html (3523 words)

	Mixed halocarbon for flash-spinning polyethylene plexifilaments - Patent 5039460
		A process for flash-spinning plexifilamentary film-fibril strands wherein polyethylene is dissolved in a halocarbon spin liquid to form a spin solution containing 10 to 20 percent of polyethylene by weight of the solution at a temperature in the range of 130 to 210.degree.
		The present invention provides an improved process for flash-spinning plexifilamentary film-fibril strands wherein polyethylene is dissolved in a halocarbon spin liquid to form a spin solution containing 10 to 20 percent of polyethylene by weight of the solution at a temperature in the range of 130 to 210.degree.
		A fiber-forming polyethylene is dissolved in the spin liquid to form a spin solution containing 10 to 20 percent of the linear polyethylene by weight of the solution and then is flash-spun at a temperature in the range of 130 to 210.degree.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5039460.html (2063 words)

	Impregnated castings chemically resistant to contact with halocarbon refrigerant - Patent 4172178
		Admission of the halocarbon gas in conduit 52 to the inlet 46 of the compressor is controlled by a series of circumferentially positioned guide inlet vanes 54 pivotally mounted in the conduit 52 in front of the inlet end of the centrifugal impeller.
		Consequently, flow of halocarbon refrigerant gas to the centrifugal impeller is controlled by this vane and piston mechanism.
		Large volumes of halocarbon gas dissolve in the cold lubricating oil, because the solubility of the halocarbon gas increases as temperature drops.
	freepatentsonline.com /4172178.html (5100 words)

	Canada Gazette
		"reclamation", in respect of a halocarbon, means the recovery, re-processing and upgrading through processes such as filtering, drying, distilling and treating chemically in order to restore the halocarbon to industry-accepted reuse standards.
		It does not include those applications or systems that use halocarbons as laboratory analytical standards or laboratory reagents or in a process in which they are converted to another substance or are generated but ultimately converted to a different substance.
		The Federal Halocarbon Regulations applied to halocarbon refrigeration, air conditioning, fire extinguishing and solvent cleaning systems, as well as any associated containers or devices located on federal land or aboriginal land, or part of a federal work or undertaking.
	canadagazette.gc.ca /partII/2003/20030827/html/sor289-e.html (8743 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		More specifically, useful halocarbons may be any linear or branched halocarbon, or a halocarbon containing a hetero atom, including without limitation oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur.
		The amounts of halocarbon and surfactant used may vary widely depending on the application, but are readily apparent to those skilled in the art.
		The composition of claim 4 wherein the halocarbon is an isomer of pentafluoropropane, an isomer of hexafluorobutane, an isomer of pentafluorobutane, an isomer of octafluoropentane, an isomer of heptafluoropentane, an isomer of heptafluorobutane, an isomer of dichlorofluoroethane, an isomer of dichlorotrifluoroethane, or mixtures thereof.
	www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=98/59105.981230&ELEMENT_SET=DECL (3860 words)

	HOSC - Aqua Air Industries
		When replacing a conventional lubricant with a Halocarbon oil, there are practical and theoretical approaches to choosing the appropriate grade.
		Through experience we have found that a good choice is the Halocarbon grade numerically similar to the ISO Grade of viscosities.
		For example, Halocarbon 95 would be the choice to replace ISO 100 or other values in the same row.
	www.aquaairind.com /Index/Lubricants/HOSC.htm (80 words)

	Carbonaceous adsorbent regeneration and halocarbon displacement by hydrocarbon gases - Patent 5300468
		Carbonaceous adsorbent regeneration and halocarbon displacement by hydrocarbon gases
		This invention describes a process for regeneration of halocarbon bearing carbonaceous adsorbents through which a carbonaceous adsorbent is contacted with hydrocarbon gases, preferably propane, butane and pentane at near room temperatures and at atmospheric pressure.
		The present invention is a process for regeneration of halocarbon bearing adsorbents by which a carbonaceous adsorbent is contacted with hydrocarbon gases such as propane, butane and pentane at temperatures near room temperature and at atmospheric pressure.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5300468.html (4643 words)

	[No title]
		Facility Name: Halocarbon Products Corp. North Augusta, SC 29861 Parent Company: RMP Facility ID: 100000121138 Submission Receipt Date: 06/24/2004 (This set of RMP executive summaries was created from data that were last updated on 4/28/2005).
		Halocarbon Products Corporation manufactures fluorinated specialty chemicals including lubricants used for oxygen and aggressive chemical service, flotation fluids used in gyroscopes, acids for agricultural chemicals, alcohols used in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals and the generic inhalation anesthetics halothane and isoflurane.
		Halocarbon has the capability to stop leaks from these cylinders and practices response to a leaking cylinder as part of regular training.
	www.rtk.net /rmp/sum7/SC/fac100000121138 (1664 words)

	BOMA.org - Canada’s Federal Halocarbon Regulations: Update
		The Federal Halocarbon Regulations, 2003 (FHR 2003) were published in August 2003 and replaced the former Federal Halocarbon Regulations.
		Due to substantial changes to the structure of the Federal Halocarbon Regulations and for the additional requirements, it was decided to develop the new Federal Halocarbon Regulations, 2003 to replace the former regulations.
		A halocarbon release of 100 kg or more from a refrigeration system must be reported to Environment Canada with in 24 hours.
	www.bomacanada.org /canadafederalhalocarbon.htm (688 words)

	Management of Halocarbons
		Formalize practices regarding the management of halocarbons, such that applicable procedures and responsibilities are clearly established and compliant with federal and/or provincial requirements, and consistently implemented.
		No person shall store, transport or purchase a halocarbon unless it is in a container designed and manufactured to be refilled and to contain that specific type of halocarbon.
		Arrange for a certified person to recover the halocarbons from any small system in which a halocarbon leak has been discovered, or which is being decommissioned (dismantled or disposed).
	www.csc-scc.gc.ca /text/plcy/cdshtm/318-gl4-cd_e.shtml (3342 words)

	Fact Sheet about Federal Halocarbon Regulations (2003)
		In addition to federal legislation, each province and territory regulates the use and the release of halocarbons in activities that come under their jurisdiction.
		Any work that could result in the release of a halocarbon must be done in accordance with the Refrigerant Code of Practice [1] by a certified person.
		These tests must not, however, be done with halocarbons mentioned in items 1 to 9 of Schedule 1 of the Regulations, unless that is recommended in the Refrigerant Code of Practice.
	www.qc.ec.gc.ca /dpe/Anglais/dpe_main_en.asp?prev_fiche_rfh_2003 (1544 words)

	Hydrocarbon and halocarbon measurements as photochemical and dynamical indicators of atmospheric hydroxyl, atomic ...
		Hydrocarbon and halocarbon measurements as photochemical and dynamical indicators of atmospheric hydroxyl, atomic chlorine, and vertical mixing obtained during Lagrangian flights
		Nonmethane hydrocarbons and halocarbons were measured during two Lagrangian experiments conducted in the lower troposphere of the North Atlantic as part of the June 1992, Atlantic Stratosphere Transition Experiment/Marine Aerosol and Gas Exchange (ASTEX/MAGE) expedition.
		However, the free tropospheric and marine boundary layer halocarbon concentrations were too similar to allow this entrainment to be quantified by these measurements.
	www.agu.org /pubs/crossref/1996/95JD02457.shtml (397 words)

	Fluorine Innovator Halocarbon Products Earns INNOVATION AWARD for Unique Desflurane Process (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Halocarbon has discovered a way of making desflurane by passing isoflurane and HF over a fixed bed of specially prepared catalyst, which functions for extended periods without appreciable loss in performance and which can be regenerated as needed.
		Halocarbon also recently applied for follow-on patents related to its already patented process to make the inhalation anesthetic sevoflurane.
		Halocarbon operates RandD facilities and various pilot plants at its manufacturing facility in North Augusta, South Carolina, USA.
	www.prweb.com /releases/2005/12/prweb325773.htm (1268 words)

	The carbon dioxide anion radical adduct in the perfused rat liver: relationship to halocarbon-induced toxicity. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Metabolism of halocarbons to PBN/.CO2- was 6- to 8-fold faster during perfusion with nitrogen-saturated rather than with oxygen-saturated perfusate.
		Samples of effluent perfusate and chloroform/methanol extracts of liver were analyzed by ESR spectroscopy for free radical adducts following infusion of halocarbon and the spin trap, phenyl-t-butylnitrone (PBN).
		Toxicity of halocarbons in the perfused liver was assessed by measuring the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) into the effluent perfusate in livers from phenobarbital-treated rats under conditions identical to those employed to detect radical adducts (i.e., during the infusion of CCl4 or CBrCl3 into livers perfused with either nitrogen- or oxygen-saturated perfusate).
	www.pdg.cnb.uam.es /UniPub/iHOP/gp/6075200.html (396 words)

	Halocarbon
		Halocarbon is one of the world's leading producers of specialty fluorochemicals.
		Halocarbon Products, founded in 1950, was the first company in the world to commercially manufacture trifluoroacetic acid, trifluoroacetyl chloride, trifluoroacetic anhydride and trifluoroethanol.
		Halocarbon oils and greases are used in diverse applications including the following:
	www.chembuyersguide.com /partners/halocarbon.html (107 words)

	Application of Manning Systems gas sensors to detect ammonia and refrigerant gas in ice rinks. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Most ice rinks use R-22 as the refrigerant, but ammonia is becoming more popular in rinks because it is readily available, inexpensive and does not bring the same environmental issues as halocarbon refrigerants.
		In a situation where a halocarbon leak would be in a cold area at floor level, it is extremely important to identify the leak at the earliest stage.
		When R-22 is burned (as would happen if it were ingested in an internal combustion engine), one of the many gases produced is phosgene which, even at low levels, is a very dangerous gas.
	www.manningsystems.com /Applications/Hvac/Ice_Rinks/ice_rinks.asp (370 words)

	Abstract (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		The natural production of halocarbons eg methyl chloride, methyl bromide and methyl iodide by marine phytoplankton is well documented, but whether this constitutes a net open ocean source or sink is unclear.
		Recent evidence suggests that there is no simple relationships between cholorophyll a and halocarbons in the open ocean and so extrapolation to global flux estimates is difficult.
		Here we will present data from 3 cruises, covering winter, summer and spring biological conditions to shown that there is a relationship between, methyl bromide and methyl iodide production and specific algal pigment concentrations and/or species.
	www.ifm.uni-kiel.de /fb/fb2/ch/research/solas/abstract/abs-095.htm (147 words)

	Nonmethane hydrocarbon and halocarbon distributions during Atlantic Stratocumulus Transition Experiment/Marine Aerosol ...
		Aircraft measurements of selected nonmethane hydrocarbon and halocarbon species were made in the lower troposphere of the NE Atlantic near the Azores, Portugal, during June 1992 as part of the Atlantic Stratocumulus Transition Experiment/Marine Aerosol and Gas Exchange.
		In this paper, the impact of continental outflow from both Europe and North America on the study region were assessed.
		Comparison with the clean marine boundary layer (MBL) shows that the boundary layer of the predominantly continental air masses were enhanced in hydrocarbons and halocarbons by factors of approximately 2 for ethane, 5 for propane, 2–6 for ethyne and benzene, and 2–3 for C
	www.agu.org /pubs/crossref/1996/95JD01370.shtml (404 words)

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