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Topic: Halon

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	Halon - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Halon 1211 and Halon 1301 are special-purpose fire extiguishing agents that were banned by the Montreal Protocol.
		HALON is an instrumental four-piece, hailing from Toledo, Ohio.
		Halon works by removing the Oxygen from the air and is not in use anymore because it is fatal to Humans.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Halon (132 words)

	Halon Fire Protection FAQ
		Halon is a liquefied, compressed gas that stops the spread of fire by chemically disrupting combustion.
		Halon 1211 (a liquid streaming agent) and Halon 1301 (a gaseous flooding agent) leave no residue and are remarkably safe for human exposure.
		Halon, which has been in use for several decades, is most commonly found in two forms: 1211, a liquid streaming agent found in hand-held extinguishers which gasifies under normal atmospheric conditions, and 1301, a gaseous flooding agent which is found in built-in flood systems.
	www.h3r.com /halon/faq.htm (464 words)

	Nat' Academies Press, Fire Suppression Substitutes and Alternatives to Halon for U.S. Navy Applications (1997) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Use of halon enabled the Navy to adopt a casualty-reducing tactic of (1) taking the man out of the loop initially by abandoning the fire scene, (2) remotely actuating the halon 1301 flooding system, and (3) reentering the space when the fire was extinguished to deal with any minor residual flare-ups.
		Halon 1301 is used in machinery spaces and flammable liquid storage and issue rooms because of its effectiveness against those fires requiring total gas flooding, low toxicity, lack of agent-induced damage, and a relatively low system space and weight impact.
		Halon 1211 is used for so-called streaming or local applications where it is desirable to direct a stream of liquid agent to a localized fire.
	fermat.nap.edu /books/0309057825/html/63.html (5165 words)

	Cultural Heritage Fire Suppression Systems: Alternatives to Halon 1301
		Halon 1301 is a colorless, odorless, and non-toxic gas which extinguishes the fire by chemically reacting with the combustion process.
		Halon gas, which cost approximately $7-$10 per pound in 1985, is expected to cost $80-$100 per pound by the year 2000.
		Like all other Halon 1301 system users, cultural institutions must closely evaluate continued use of their Halon 1301 systems and decide whether system use should continue or an alternative protection method is to be selected.
	palimpsest.stanford.edu /waac/wn/wn15/wn15-2/wn15-209.html (1765 words)

	National Halon Bank
		Halons are fully halogenated chemicals that have relatively long lifetimes in the atmosphere.
		Australia's success with halon phase-out meant that stocks of halon were rapidly accumulating within government, business and the community from the decommissioning of halon fire fighting systems and portable equipment.
		In 1993, the Australian Government established the National Halon Bank (NHB) to store decommissioned halon for destruction or reclamation to meet essential uses until an alternative was found for all current uses.
	www.deh.gov.au /atmosphere/ozone/ods/halon (314 words)

	U.S. EPA: Halon Blends & Technician Training
		The rule bans the manufacture of blends of these halons (i.e., blends containing two or more halons); and establishes certain provisions for training of technicians who handle halons and halon-containing equipment, releases of halons from halon-containing equipment during testing, maintenance, and other activities, and disposal of halons and halon-containing equipment.
		An exemption is provided for halon blends manufactured solely for the purpose of aviation fire protection, provided that blends produced under this exemption are recycled to meet the relevant industry purity standards for each individual halon.
		Halon releases that occur as a result of owner failure to maintain halon-containing equipment to relevant industry standards are also prohibited.
	www.epa.gov /ozone/title6/608/halons/halsumm.html (693 words)

	NFPA Journal: Finding halon alternative
		Halon systems were also used to protect art collections and historical archives, as well as airplanes and ships.
		Because halon is a gaseous, "clean" extinguishing agent, it provided a high level of property protection with very little secondary damage, and low toxicity.
		Unfortunately, halon, pound for pound, is more likely to destroy the planet's ozone layer than the refrigerants found in a car's air conditioner.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3737/is_200203/ai_n9037747 (1384 words)

	Halon Replacments -- Peripheral's Aero-K Fire Suppression System - the Prefect Halon Replacements
		The halon replacement program at NRL included a range of tasks, representative of the mix that is needed within the technical community in pursuing halon replacements.
		Halon 1301 has an ODP of between 10 and 16, depending on the specific model and assumptions used in the calculation.
		Halons were determined as responsible for at least ten percent of man-caused ozone layer depletion and, simplifying consideration, it is used primarily for one purpose only, fire protection.
	www.periphman.com /fire/halon-replacements.shtml (6320 words)

	Halon disposal
		Halon was widely used in fire extinguishers used in cars, boats and domestically.
		Halon may also be disposed of at most metropolitan fire stations and by the fire protection company that services your fire systems.
		The National Halon Bank will facilitate the responsible disposal of Halon and other ozone depleting substances in accordance with standards agreed by the Meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol.
	www.deh.gov.au /atmosphere/ozone/ods/halon/disposal.html (337 words)

	3-III-3 HALON REDISTRIBUTION/RECOVERY/RECYCLING/RECLAIMING
		Halon redistribution, recovery, recycling and reclaiming are essential for preserving the availability of halons for mission critical applications.
		Halon 1301 and Halon 1211 are still approved for use, but only in mission-critical applications such as flight-line fire fighting and ship- and shore-based crash and rescue operations.
		Halon for use in mission critical applications is supplied by DLA from the Defense ODS Reserve.
	p2library.nfesc.navy.mil /P2_Opportunity_Handbook/3_III_3.html (1431 words)

	Graviner - Halon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Kidde Graviner (with our Kidde Plc affiliates) has formed a halon Task Force to conduct research and evaluation efforts and to represent our position in several international policy making organisations related to this subject. Kidde Graviner is active in the development and evaluation of numerous fire extinguishing alternatives to the environmentally harmful halons.
		Halon phase out in Europe for all non essential applications must be completed by December 2003 under the terms of European Commission regulation EC 2037/2000 on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer.
		Either option requires the used halon to be reprocessed using specialist equipment such as Kidde's REACH (REcovery And Conditioning for Halon) machines which Kidde Graviner use on their site at Colnbrook as part of their halon recovery and reprocessing business.
	www.kiddegraviner.com /Halon.shtml (547 words)

	Halon Alternatives
		Perhaps even more remarkable were the unique capabilities of halon which allowed the fire to be extinguished without harming the surrounding area.
		This document was issued for public comment in May of 1993, with a final ruling expected next May. In essence, SNAP covers the toxicity of every proposed halon alternative agent (which would be used in a normally occupied area) by authority of Section 612 of the Clean Air Act.
		SNAP has identified FM-200 as "hydrofluorocarbon agent that is considered an acceptable alternative to Halon 1301 in occupied and unoccupied areas..." It has zero ozone depletion potential (ODP), is safe to human exposure and leaves no residue.
	www.halcyon.com /NAFED/HTML/Halonalt.html (1137 words)

	The Situation with Halon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		With the introduction of the EC Regulation 2037/2000 the use of halon will be banned from 31st December 2002 and all systems must be de-commissioned for Halon 1211 and 1301 by the 31st December 2003, other than for Critical Users.
		The halon 1211 is difficult to recycle, since it is normally contained in a variety of small portable, hand held extinguishers, so the process is long and comparatively costly.
		Where halon is contaminated in any way, more commonly with refrigerants, or as a combination of both 1211 and 1301, then ultimately destruction is the only effective solution.
	www.hunc.org /a1.html (1997 words)

	halon
		The most commonly used are halon 1211 (bromochlorodifluoromethane) and halon 1301 (bromotrifluoromethane).
		The halons are gases and are widely used in fire extinguishers.
		The use of halons in fire extinguishers was banned in 1994.
	www.tiscali.co.uk /reference/encyclopaedia/hutchinson/m0026174.html (156 words)

	3-III-1 HALON 1211 REPLACEMENTS
		Halon 1211 is a widely used fire suppression and explosion protection agent applied as a streaming agent and has been the fire extinguishing agent of choice for portable fire extinguishers in many aircraft, including the C-130.
		Halon has one of the higher ozone depletion potentials of any compound, and thus its production and use are being curtailed and eventually eliminated.
		Halon 1211 for use in mission critical applications is supplied by DLA from the Defense ODS Reserve.
	p2library.nfesc.navy.mil /P2_Opportunity_Handbook/3_III_1.html (1392 words)

	U.S. EPA: Ozone Depletion Glossary
		The halons are used as fire extinguishing agents, both in built-in systems and in handheld portable fire extinguishers.
		At the time the current U.S. tax code was adopted, the ozone depletion potentials of halon 1301 and halon 1211 were observed to be 10 and 3, respectively.
		Halons are numbered according to a standard scheme.
	www.epa.gov /ozone/defns.html (2347 words)

	recovering halons, disposal of halons, halon replacement, halon 1211
		Today the damages that halon gases produce on the ozone layer have been confirmed.
		We are recognised by the Ministry of the Environment and authorised to dispose of and recycle this gas.
		HALONS have for a long time been recognized as being highly polluting.
	www.fm200.biz /recovering_halon.htm (264 words)

	Alternatives to Halon Fire Extinguishers -- Fire Alarms, Fire Prevention, Fire Suppression, Fire Extinguishers
		An exemption is provided for halon blends formulated using recycled halon solely for the purpose of aviation fire protection, provided that halon blends produced under this exemption are recycled to meet the relevant purity standards for each individual halon.
		Recycled halon can be purchased from many halon and fire protection equipment distributors or directly from owners who are decommissioning their halon systems.
		The halon itself must be sent for halon recycling to a facility operating in accordance with NFPA 10 and NFPA 12A, or for destruction using one of several controlled processes identified in the regulation.
	www.periphman.com /fire/halon-fire-extinguishers.shtml (3483 words)

	Managed Phase Out of Halon Fixed Fire Suppression Systems
		This course of action is suggested for those situations where the Halon system has already been defined as "Essential" and where timely human intervention-to activate the system in the event of a fire will be assured.
		Prioritize existing Halon systems in order of importance to safety so that if one discharges and there is no more Halon available to replenish it, the capability exists to deactivate other system(s) that are of lesser priority.
		Be conscious of the fact that situations beyond DOE control may require that some or all of the existing Halon systems in our inventory be deactivated and portable extinguishers removed sooner than anticipated.
	www.eh.doe.gov /fire/guidance/halon_phaseout.html (769 words)

	Halon fire extinguisher - Talk:Fire extinguisher - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Halon is a poor extinguisher for Class A fires, a nine pound Halon extinguisher only receives a 1-A rating and tends to be easily deflected by the wind.
		Halon extinguisher - Recommended for Class B and C fires but not for Class A fires in paper, wood and cloth.
		"Halon fire extinguishers are extremely dangerous, not only because they may fail in a fire but because halon 1211 is very damaging to the ozone layer.
	allinfoseed.com /aifs/halon-fire-extinguisher.htm (477 words)

	information on halon 1301 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		There is also a faqs about halon, with information on cfc and halogens and an introduction to the montreal protocol and kyoto protocol where agreements have been reached to initially control and further eliminate global emissions of ozone depleting chemical compounds.
		It also explains when halon gas needs to be replaced and who may be exempt from the regulations.
		Links to additional information on halon, its effect on the ozone layer and the regulations governing its safe removal are given on the reference page while common abbreviations are explained here.
	www.halon-1301.co.uk (197 words)

	halon 1301 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Halon Replacement S Brooker Associates Ltd offer impartial independent advice for the replacement and disposal of Halon 1301 and 1211 systems or selection of new fire suppression agents.
		halon, halon 1301, halon 2402, halon 1211, halon fire extinguishers, halon f...
		Halon 1301 Systems A Short History of Halon Fire Suppression Systems When halon 1301 came on the market in the 1960s it was rightly seen as the most effective gaseous fire fighting agent ever...
	www.protectlifehere.com /halon1301 (1532 words)

	Fire Safety Branch: Systems Fire Group (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The halon replacement effort is global in scale, spanning governments and their respective agencies.
		The four facets of interest pertinent to replacing Halon within civil aviation are the lavatory trash receptacles, cargo holds, hand-held extinguishers, and the engine and auxiliary power unit (APU) compartments.
		The backbone of the plan is the maintenance of the current level of safety; Halon 1301 at 6% volumetric concentration throughout the protected zone for a duration of one-half second.
	www.fire.tc.faa.gov /systems/engine/engine.stm (682 words)

	Halon Entertainment - Reel (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Under the direction of Harry Kloor, Chief Scientist of the Rocket Racer League and VP of Media, five of Halon's best creative talent quickly created 41 pre-visualization shots to be showcased in a rocket racing short film.
		Using the power of dual core, dual processing AMD machines, Halon created an animated vision of high-velocity action and breathtaking drama, clearly demonstrating the future of rocket racing.
		All pre-viz was supervised by Halon founder Daniel Gregoire.
	www.halon.com /reel.html (219 words)

	Fire Suppression and Life without Halon
		In 1987, an international agreement known as the Montreal Protocol mandated the phaseout of halons in developed countries by the year 2000 and in less-developed countries by 2010.
		National Institute of Standards and Technology, "Now that halons are to be banned, however, scientists are rushing to gain insights into their chemical properties, with a view to mimicking them in substitutes.
		Awareness of the cost of replacing halon once it has been discharged may be the incentive for you and your institution to think through what you are going to do about your existing halon system.
	palimpsest.stanford.edu /waac/wn/wn15/wn15-2/wn15-208.html (1903 words)

	Halon Alternatives
		For over 20 years, Halon 1301 was the fire suppression agent of choice for high value hazards which required a clean "life safe" agent.
		During the 1980's, scientific research indicated the possibility that Halon 1301 release into the atmosphere might contribute to depletion of stratospheric ozone.
		GSI also is a world leader in developing hydraulic calculations for Halon alternatives.
	www.gsifire.com /new_page_2.htm (205 words)

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