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	Arp Peculiar Galaxy Club Introduction \| The Astronomical League
		Halton C. Arp is one of the key actors in the contemporary debate on the origin and evolution of galaxies in the universe.
		Arp was born in 1924, a distant cousin of the French painter Jean Arp.
		Arp could not measure if the quasars that appeared to be clustering around the peculiar galaxies are actually physically related to peculiar galaxy since he could only measure the distance to galaxies and quasars by Hubble's Law, which puts the quasars much farther away than the peculiar galaxies.
	www.astroleague.org /al/obsclubs/arppec/arphalt.html (2020 words)

	Halton Arp - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Arp compiled a catalog of unusual galaxies, published in 1966: Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies.
		In 1960, Arp was awarded the Helen B. Warner Prize for Astronomy by the American Astronomical Society.
		Halton Arp, Catalogue of Discordant Redshift Associations, Aperion (September 1, 2003) ISBN 0968368999
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Halton_Arp (379 words)

	Arp's Catalog Of Peculiar Galaxies
		Arp compiled the Atlas with photographs he made mainly using the Palomar 200-inch telescope and the 48-inch Schmidt between 1961 and 1966.
		Arp plays a unique role in the debate on the nature of the universe in general and the galaxies in particular, often standing alone in his assessments of observations on the nature of observed redshifts and the cosmological implications.
		Irregularities in identifying the galaxies involved in the Arps.
	members.aol.com /arpgalaxy (1226 words)

	Book Review: Seeing Red by Halton Arp
		This leads Arp to suggest that the redshift of matter is an inverse function of the age of that matter.
		Arp concludes that quasars are initially faint, point-like objects of high redshift that transform into lower-redshift, compact objects surrounded by a fuzz as they evolve.
		Arp suggests that a sampling of referee reports, showing "manipulative, sly, insulting, arrogant, and above all angry" referees, ought to be published because it would allow people to evaluate the objectivity of the information they are being allowed to read.
	www.metaresearch.org /publications/books/SeeingRed-Arp.asp (3577 words)

	SCIENTISTS SPEAK ABOUT THE ORIGIN OF MATTER - 3 (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Halton C. Arp, a careful astronomer and astrophysicist, has compiled a remarkable collection of facts which negate acceptance of the speed theory of redshift.
		Arp therefore argued that the high redshift of these quasars are caused by factors other than distance.
		In 1983, Arp was to suffer the indignity of being barred from the tools of his trade.
	www.pathlights.com /ce_encyclopedia/01-ma8.htm (2564 words)

	Halton Arp
		Halton C. Arp was born on March 21, 1927, New York, N.Y., U.S. Arp had some valuable data in that he was an American astronomer noted for challenging the theory that red shifts of quasars indicate their great distance.
		Arp became skeptical about the distance of quasars when he noticed that some of the galaxies that he had included in his Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies (1966) seemed to lie in the vicinity of quasars.
		Arp theorized that the nuclei of galaxies may explode, ejecting quasars with a velocity great enough to account for their red shifts.
	hyper.vcsun.org /HyperNews/rrains/get/DQ9f/1.html (299 words)

	[No title]
		In Arp’s view, the redshift of quasars and clusters of micro galaxies is mostly an intrinsic property of their matter.
		To Arp these plots are the consequence of not understanding that redshift is an inherent property of evolving matter.
		Arp tells us to look at the statistical associations and the links that are visible at many frequencies.
	www.sonic.net /~victormc/cosmos/arp.html (2576 words)

	A different view of the universe
		Arp further suggests that a general cause of the beautiful spiral arms seen in so many galaxies could be paired ejections in the plane of rotation.
		Arp explains this in terms of the age of the stellar material since ‘creation’ (energy-mass conversion) in a galactic nucleus using arguments based on the Narlikar variable-mass theory which he describes more fully in chapter 9.
		Galaxy NGC5194 is one of Halton Arp's peculiar galaxies.
	www.answersingenesis.org /tj/v14/i3/universe.asp (3648 words)

	Arp Peculiar Galaxies (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Arp set up several classes for the oddball galaxies that he had been observing early in his career, from 1962 through 1967.
		Arp stated at that time, "Because so many of the physical processes pictured are not understood, no rigorous attempt at classification has been made.
		Arp Classification - galaxy with the appearance of fission.
	www.angelfire.com /id/jsredshift/peculspr.htm (5367 words)

	III 15 The Big Bang and The Background (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Arp's interpretation of the observations contradict the present accepted theory that cosmological red shifts are caused by recessional velocities, but there are lots of problems with red shift caused by recessional velocity.
		Halton Arp's interpretation of the observations is stunning in that it is the complete reverse of all other conceptualizations of galactic dynamics.
		Arp's observations show that galaxies are exploding and ejecting great bursts of energy which are transformed into the luminous matter in the great spiral arms of spiral galaxies, and that galactic explosions form spiral galactic rings, as well as form galactic polar rings, and galactic arcs.
	www.starlight-pub.com /Matter/PartIII/III15BigBang.html (4995 words)

	Exploding the big bang
		Arp argues that redshift is primarily a function of age, and that tired light plays no more than a secondary role.
		Arp comments: "By ignoring the empirical evidence for ejection from galaxies, they illustrated an unfortunate tendency in science, namely that when presented with two possibilities, scientists tend to choose the wrong one" (p.
		Arp is one of a growing number of scientists who are returning to the idea of an infinite, eternal universe, subject to constant transformations [4].
	ourworld.compuserve.com /homepages/dp5/explode.htm (1896 words)

	Redshifts and the Hubble Law
		According to Halton Arp, observations began to accumulate from 1966 that could not be accounted for by this conventional explanation of the redshift effect.
		In view of the popularity of the notion of gravitational lensing Arp suggests instead that some gravitationally compact bodies are being ejected and that these ejected bodies are simply gravitationally amplifying objects in the far background which have a redshift caused by a recession velocity.
		Arp postulates that the strong gravitional fields of large masses within individual quasars and discrepant galaxies account for large redshifts, but points out that even for typical quasars like ZC48, nebulosity around the nucleus is measured at about the same redshift as the nucleus.
	www.heretical.com /science/redshift.html (1639 words)

	Geology and cosmology
		Arp (1998) has presented a compelling case against the big-bang assumption that all redshifts are caused by recession velocities and are proportional to distance.
		Since Arp is now proposing that gravitons are entirely absorbed by matter, rather than rebounding and transferring only part of their energy, this would greatly exacerbate the problem.
		In his 1998 book, Arp explained the proposed increase in mass quite differently, in terms of the Machian principle that as a particle ages, its light-signal sphere expands so that it "communicates" with more and more particles -- but it is not clear exactly how this would bring about an increase in mass.
	ourworld.compuserve.com /homepages/dp5/jsedebate.htm (1763 words)

	The Universe According to Arp
		To the unconventional astronomer, especially to Halton Arp, who has been the primary collector of these discrepant observations, it looks as if the primary galaxy is ejecting "babies" that grow up into companion galaxies.
		Arp contends that just about everything we can see in the direction of the Virgo Cluster is a family member of that cluster.
		Arp speculates that there may be other such large clusters beyond the reach of present-day telescopes: After all, the mother of our visible group must have come from somewhere.
	www.thunderbolts.info /tpod/2005/arch05/050106universe-arp.htm (793 words)

	NANDO PATAT SCIENTIFIC INTERESTS (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Arp has worked at Mt. Wilson and Palomar with the largest world's telescopes and he has been hunting for galaxies showing remarkable anomalies.
		According to Arp, quasars show a clear tendency to cluster around galaxies which should be much closer and that have anyway a much smaller redshift.
		Arp's criticizers emphasize the discovery of quasars whose distance must be very large because they are associated with small luminosity galaxy clusters and not only because they have large redshifts.
	www.eso.org /~fpatat/science/arp (424 words)

	Arp, Halton Christian (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Arp was born in New York and educated at Harvard and the California Institute of Technology.
		During his research on globular clusters, globular-cluster variable stars, novae, Cepheid variables, extragalactic nebulae, and so on, Arp has attempted to relate the listings of galaxies to radio sources; the optical identification of these sources can now be done fairly accurately.
		He is working with other astronomers on the question whether the red shifts in the spectrum of quasars are due to the general expansion of the universe.
	www.cartage.org.lb /en/themes/Biographies/MainBiographies/A/Arp/1.html (173 words)

	Quackgrass Press: Seeing Red: Intrinsic redshifts, stable universe
		Arp started getting letters from them: "from scientists in small colleges, in different disciplines, from amateurs, students and lay people." These were people who really looked at pictures, and who formed judgments on the evidence.
		Arp rejects the notion that new matter might come into the universe from "somewhere else." He rightly remarks that "there is nowhere else." (This is one of the few times I've seen a scientist appeal to the axiom of existence.)
		Halton Arp is on the Editorial Board of Apeiron, a distinctly unorthodox journal of physics and astronomy.
	www.quackgrass.com /roots/arp.html (2720 words)

	Halton Arp's discoveries about redshift
		Arp has photographs of many pairs of high redshift quasars that are symmetrically located on either side of what he suggests are their parent, low redshift galaxies.
		Arp has shown in his book "Quasars, Redshifts and Controversies" that there is a physical connection between the barred spiral galaxy NGC 4319 and the quasar like object Markarian 205.
		Arp believes that the observed redshift value of any object is made up of two components: the inherent component and the velocity component.
	www.electric-cosmos.org /arp.htm (1775 words)

	The Arp Atlas of Peculiar Galaxies, Halton Arp, Peculiar Galaxies :: Willmann-Bell, Inc.
		The purpose of the Atlas, Arp stated in his preface, was to graphically present structural peculiarities in galaxies "in order to build a realistic picture of what galaxies are really like." At the time, astronomers were struggling to formulate a workable taxonomy of "symmetrical" galaxies using classification schemes such as Edwin Hubble's tuning fork diagram.
		In addition, it provides a chronicle of Arp's saga, from his early work at Mount Wilson and Palomar, where the original Atlas was assembled, to his controversial research on discordant redshifts.
		Although Arp's astrophysical interpretations have sparked controversy among his peers - the giants of professional astronomy - his story has stoked the interests of amateur astronomers throughout the world who want to know more about the man and his catalog of peculiar galaxies.
	willbell.com /HANDBOOK/arp.htm (504 words)

	Images of Exploding Galaxies (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Later Dr, Arp observerd quasars to be associated with low red shift galaxies compared to the red shift of the associated quasars.
		Dr Halton Arp then observed multiple quasars associated with a host galaxy, and a quantization of red shift of quasars withe distance from a associated host galaxy.
		Ultimately, Dr Halton Arp observed quasars are ejected from galactic nuclei and that the quasar is inherently red shifted.
	www.starlight-pub.com /ExplodingGalaxies/ExplodingGalaxies.html (276 words)

	Amazon.ca: Seeing red: Redshifts, cosmology and academic science: Books (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Arp shows us a number of galaxies that appear to be associated with quasars or other extremely compact, radio-emitting objects that have grossly different redshifts.
		Arp states in the preface that if you are math-impaired you will still be able to follow the book easily because the eye-popping evidence is all in the pictures.
		Arp is no crackpot claiming aliens are making crop circles or the Bermuda Triangle is swallowing up ships--he received his Ph.D with honors from CalTech itself, and created the Catalog of Peculiar Galaxies (using of course the same 200-inch Hale telescope he was later denied).
	www.amazon.ca /exec/obidos/ASIN/0968368905 (721 words)

	Big Bang Broken And Can't Be Fixed (Site not responding. Last check: )
		On the other hand, because this cluster is in the halo of the active galaxy NGC 7314, this observation once again confirms Halton Arp's prediction that high-redshift galaxy clusters will be found in association with low-redshift active galaxies.
		Halton Arp, A Modern Day Galileo: For his discoveries, he was denied telescope time, and now must carry on his research in Germany.
		Halton Arp's Website: Technical articles are available about quasars and galaxies and fl holes, plus articles in which Halton Arp shares personal experiences about what it is like being a maverick in astronomy (A Symposium on Active Galactic Nuclei -- One Astronomer's View and Working With Fred Hoyle).
	www.rense.com /general63/bbang.htm (709 words)

	[No title]
		Arp's discoveries are the most important in astronomy since the invention of the telescope.
		Arp brings an insider's perspective as an outstanding researcher who followed the rules of experiment and publication only to be met with ostracism and denial.
		Arp gives a change of the electrons inertial mass of about.024% (if my arithmetic is right) for a 72km/sec change in redshift.
	www.kronia.com /thoth/ThoIII09.txt (3574 words)

	Apologetics Press - Arp's Anomalies
		Halton Arp is an astrophysicist at the Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics in Munich, Germany.
		For more than three decades, Arp has compiled—through extensive observational astronomy using some of the world’s finest telescopes—a sizable database of “peculiar” galaxies and redshift “anomalies.” These peculiarities and anomalies hardly are insignificant or few in number.
		Arp has enough evidence that he ought to be worrying more people than actually acknowledge the significance of his findings” (p.
	www.apologeticspress.org /articles/2473 (588 words)

	Big-Bang Bunk
		Also, as Arp points out, if the quasars are really at the claimed Big-Bang distances, then they should have a random distribution in the sky relative to the distribution of Seyfert galaxies, but they do not: The actual distribution of quasars is not random relative to the distribution of Seyferts.
		Arp’s observations refute the Big Bang and give instead a universe of unknown size and age in which parent galaxies give birth to new galaxies that undergo a life-cycle that has a clear evolution from a juvenile stage (a quasar) to an adult stage (a galaxy such as our own Milky Way).
		Arp considers a number of examples that Big-Bang advocates claim to be the result of gravitational lensing.
	www.johmann.net /essays/big-bang-bunk.html (3528 words)

	The end of the universe is cancelled (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Halton Arp says that there is an urgent need to democratize the procedures of how science is made and the results published worldwide.
		Arp decided, so he says, to make a point, to protest, because he was sure that he was on the right track and because he hought that he should have been allowed to pursue his observations.
		Halton Arp says that he has found evidence showing that certain relatively nearby systems are connected by sort of bridges of matter to certain quasars, which are supposed to be very far away.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/news/838970/posts (4690 words)

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