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	Hamilcar Barca
		Hamilcar Barca (about 270 - 228 BC), or Barcas (Hebrew barak "lightning"), was a Carthaginian general and statesman, father of Hannibal.
		Hamilcar stood out far above the Carthaginians of his age in military and diplomatic skill and in strength of patriotism; in these qualities he was surpassed only by his son Hannibal, whom he had imbued with his own deep hatred of Rome and trained to be his successor in the conflict.
		This Hamilcar has been confused with another general who succeeded to the command of the Carthaginians in the First Punic War, and after successes at Therma and Drepanum was defeated at Ecnomus (256 BC).
	publicliterature.org /en/wikipedia/h/ha/hamilcar_barca.html (500 words)

	Barca - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Barca, ancient city in the Cyrenaica region of northern Africa.
		Barca was founded in the 6th century bc, supposedly by Greeks and Libyans.
		Hamilcar Barca (circa 270-228 bc), Carthaginian general, appointed commander of the Carthaginian forces in Sicily during the First Punic War...
	ca.encarta.msn.com /Barca.html (75 words)

	Hamilcar Barca - LoveToKnow 1911 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		On returning to Africa his troops, which had been kept together only by his personal authority and by the promise of good pay, broke out into open mutiny when their rewards were withheld by Hamilcar's opponents among the governing aristocracy.
		After recruiting and training a new army in some Numidian forays he led on his own responsibility an expedition into Spain, where he hoped to gain a new empire to compensate Carthage for the loss of Sicily and Sardinia, and to serve as a basis for a campaign of vengeance against the Romans (236).
		This Hamilcar has been confused with another general who succeeded to the command of the Carthaginians in the First Punic War, and after successes at Therma and Drepanum was defeated at Ecnomus (256 B. c.).
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Hamilcar_Barca (544 words)

	Carthage (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Hamilcar Barca was henceforth the supreme commander of the Carthaginian forces.
		But Hasdrubal, Hamilcar Barca's son-in-law and the very man who had helped Hamilcar Barca into his powerful position after the Mercenary War - and who had by now also acted as Hamilcar Barca's lieutenant in Spain, was now elected by the military as their new commander in chief.
		Hannibal Barca was the son of Hamilcar Barca - and brother-in-law to Hasdrubal the Elder.
	www.roman-empire.net /republic/carthage.html (11441 words)

	Hamilcar Barca
		Hamilcar Barca rose to fame during the final years of the First Punic War, which the Romans and Carthaginians had started in 264 but had ended in a stalemate.
		Now, Hamilcar Barca was appointed as second general, and he had more success, defeated the mercenaries at the Bagradas river, and pursued Spendius.
		Hamilcar, who had defeated Spendius, was made sole commander, and tried to reach two war aims at once: to raise the siege of Carthage and reconquer Tunis.
	www.livius.org /ha-hd/hamilcar/hamilcar2.html (1400 words)

	Hamilcar Barca (d. 229/8 B.C.) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Hamilcar was a common Punic name; in fact, another general of the same name preceded him in command.
		Hamilcar then returned to Africa, where his mercenary troops, long unpaid, revolted in what is known as the "Mercenaries' War" (or "Truceless War").
		Hamilcar raised an army of 10,000 with Rome's cooperation and battled the rebels for four years before recapturing his provinces in north Africa.
	www.thelatinlibrary.com /imperialism/notes/hamilcar.html (452 words)

	Encyclopedia
		The defeat of the Carthaginian fleet in 241 bc, however, terminated the war, and Hamilcar then negotiated the peace in which Carthage was forced to cede Sicily and pay heavy financial indemnities.
		Hamilcar was summoned to suppress the uprising, and he succeeded in defeating the rebels in 238 bc.
		Appointed commander in chief of the army in 237 bc, Hamilcar began the reconquest of Spain, planning to build a new empire from which he could launch a major attack on Rome.
	history.com /encyclopedia.do?vendorId=FWNE.fw..ha012800.a#FWNE.fw..h... (295 words)

	Hamilcar Barca - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Hamilcar Barca or Barcas (~270 – 228 BC) was a Carthaginian general and statesman, leader of the Barcid family, and father of Hannibal.
		By a provision of the peace of 241 BC Hamilcar's unbeaten force was allowed to depart from Sicily without any token of submission.
		He is sometimes confused with Hamilcar, another Carthaginian general.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Hamilcar_Barca (569 words)

	Hamilcar Barca Biography \| Encyclopedia of World Biography
		Hamilcar Barca was a daring, intelligent young man. He was appointed commander in chief in Sicily in 247 B.C., when, after 18 years of fighting, the Carthaginian forces were at their lowest.
		Hamilcar surrounded the mercenaries' position at the river Bagrades (Medjerda), defeated their leader Spendius, and relieved the siege of Utica.
		Hamilcar died in the winter of 229/228, after 9 years of warfare in Spain, while besieging the town of Helice southwest of Alicante.
	www.bookrags.com /biography/hamilcar-barca (833 words)

	The Rise Of Hamilcar - SCC Forums
		Hamilcar is rejoiced at hearing news that Rome has finally ceded to 20 denarii for his holdings on Sicily.
		Hamilcar is thrilled to hear news that Mago his lieutenent with 20 soldiers is curently riding back after taking control of Western North africa and reaching the sea.
		Also Hamilcar has met a strange beauty from Persia by the name of Priscilla, she is sent to him from a long lost empire that was promised to him 20 years earlier.
	www.stratcommandcenter.com /forums/index.php?showtopic=225 (1816 words)

	The Truceless War - Ancient Roman Empire Forums
		Hamilcar managed to string together a small militia force composed of the citizenry but it was his superior generalship skills which would turn the tide.
		Hamilcar immediately took to harassing the rebel army but as he was heavily outnumbered he refrained from pitched battle.
		Hamilcar ambushed the marching rebel army in the rear, and in their panic managed to herd the greater part of the enemy into the canyon while entrenching on the high ground, sealing them in.
	www.unrv.com /forum/index.php?showtopic=1622 (3805 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Hamilcar Barca (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Barca BARCA [Barca] surname, probably meaning lightning, given members of a powerful Carthaginian family: see Hamilcar Barca ; Hannibal ; Hasdrubal.
		He fought under his father-in-law, Hamilcar Barca, in Africa and in Spain, where he succeeded (229 or 228 BC) Hamilcar as general.
		His refusal to pay the mercenaries of Hamilcar Barca brought on their great revolt (240-238 BC).
	www.encyclopedia.com /articles/05596.html (474 words)

	Hamilcar Barca
		Hamilcar (Phoenician Abd-Melqart; 480): Carthaginian general, defeated by the Syracusans in the battle of Himera.
		Hamilcar was the son of a man named Hanno Sabellus, a Carthaginian general who had conquered parts of northern Africa, and a Greek woman from Syracuse.
		In 480, Hamilcar was commander of an army that was sent out to fight against the Greeks of Sicily.
	www.livius.org /ha-hd/hamilcar/hamilcar1.html (478 words)

	Hannibal 3
		Hamilcar Barca, on the other hand, had popular support and the command of the armed forces.
		Hamilcar barca soon succeeded in turning southern Spain into a sort of empire where new Carthage or Carthagena was founded.
		Hamilcar Barca had agreed to take him on his campaign on one condition, that before the sac- rifice which he was then making to the gods, Hannibal should swear eter-nal enmity to Rome.
	members.tripod.com /Renegade50_2/hannibal3.html (2429 words)

	ELECTRONIC ANTIQUITY V5N1
		At times Hamilcar got himself into serious military trouble: in his ﬁrst campaign in the hinterland, pursued by Spendius and the Gallic warlord Autaritus, he was ﬁnally manoeuvred into a virtual box — as Polybius makes clear — and saved only by the defection of the Numidian prince Naravas with his cavalrymen (L., 152-56).
		Hamilcar’s election, whether or not conﬁrmed by the citizens, thus set a momentous precedent and can even be seen as a sort of military-political coup.
		Hamilcar is seen — less plausibly — as initiating the feud in 237 by engineering Hanno’s removal from his latest command (207-8).
	scholar.lib.vt.edu /ejournals/ElAnt/V5N1/loreto.html (3274 words)

	HANNIBAL : Encyclopedia Entry
		Hannibal Barca ("mercy of Baal") was the son of Hamilcar Barca.
		It should be noted that Barca was an epithet, meaning "lightning" and not a surname in the modern sense, but it was carried by his sons.
		Hamilcar agreed and demanded him to swear that as long as he lived he would never be a friend of Rome.
	www.bibleocean.com /OmniDefinition/Hannibal (7048 words)

	Gustave Flaubert : Salammbo : Chapter VII. Hamilcar Barca
		Hamilcar went on his way alone on foot and without an escort, for the meetings of the Ancients were, under extraordinary circumstances, always secret, and were resorted to mysteriously.
		Hamilcar had ceased speaking, and was panting with eye fixed, his face as pale as the pearls of his tiara, almost frightened at himself, and his spirit lost in funereal visions.
		Hamilcar stood smiling with folded arms, and was less delighted by the sight of his riches than by the consciousness of their possession.
	www.classicreader.com /read.php/sid.1/bookid.631/sec.7 (11236 words)

	Gliderborne Assault on D-Day - British Hamilcar glider
		The Hamilcar entered RAF service in 1942, and was the largest wooden aircraft the RAF ever operated.
		This was the first time that HAMILCARS were ever flown on a airborne operation and the first time 17-pounder anti-tank guns were to be taken into action by air.
		Hamilcar CN501, which pilots were S/Sgt Leslie RIDINGS, and Sgt Ronald HARRIS, had to land in a farm at Saint Vaast En Auge, because the tow rope broke over the sea off Villers Sur Mer, probably because of the Flak.
	free.prohosting.com /mawey/gliderborne_gliders_britishhamilcarglider.htm (733 words)

	Hannibal Barca - History Forum
		Hamilcar was able to position himself in a stronghold on Mount Eryx where he utilized guerilla warfare tactics against the Roman armies.
		Hamilcar was very successful, waging a brilliant land defense of Sicily he was able to defeat all Roman offensives, but he was unable to take the war into Italy herself.
		Hamilcar was unfortunately killed in 228 b.c.e off during a campaign between the Tagus and the Durius.
	www.simaqianstudio.com /forum/index.php?showtopic=4341 (11557 words)

	Hasdrubal - LoveToKnow 1911 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		HASDRUBAL, the name of several Carthaginian generals, among whom the following are the most important: I. The son-in-law of Hamilcar Barca, who followed the latter in his campaign against the governing aristocracy at Carthage at the close of the First Punic War, and in his subsequent career of conquest in Spain.
		After Hamilcar's death (228) Hasdrubal, who succeeded him in the command, extended the newly acquired empire by skilful diplomacy, and consolidated it by the foundation of New Carthage (Cartagena) as the capital of the new province, and by a treaty with Rome which fixed the Ebro as the boundary between the two powers.
		The second son of Hamilcar Barca, and younger brother of Hannibal.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Hasdrubal (349 words)

	HAMILCAR BARCA - Online Information article about HAMILCAR BARCA
		peace of 241 Hamilcar's unbeaten force was allowed to depart from Sicily without any token of submission.
		Carthage was brought by the failure of the aristocratic generals was averted by Hamilcar, whom the See also:
		This Hamilcar has been confused with another general who succeeded to the command of the Carthaginians in the First Punic War, and after successes at Therma and Drepanum was defeated at Ecnomus (256 B. Subsequently, apart from unskilful operations against See also:
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /GUI_HAN/HAMILCAR_BARCA.html (631 words)

	[No title]
		Appartenant vraisemblablement à la haute aristocratie carthaginoise, Hamilcar Barca est envoyé, en ~ 247, au cours de la première guerre punique, en Sicile par les adversaires de la guerre à outrance afin de poursuivre les opérations avec des moyens réduits.
		Hamilcar part ensuite s’installer à Gadès ; en ~ 235, il contrôle la région minière, l’argent extrait est divisé en trois parts, l’une est envoyée à Carthage, l’autre donnée aux magistrats de la ville, avec le reste Hamilcar frappe monnaie à son nom.
		Hamilcar trouve la mort au cours d’une bataille dans les eaux du Jucar en crue.
	www.chez.com /majed/personnages/hamilcar.html (320 words)

	Hamilcar Barca — FactMonster.com
		However, the Carthaginians were defeated, and Hamilcar Barca negotiated the terms of the peace that led to
		Hamilcar was probably the ablest general and statesman that Carthage had before his son
		Barca - Barca, surname, probably meaning lightning, given members of a powerful Carthaginian family: see...
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/people/A0822512.html (180 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Hamilcar Barca withdrew his forces from the island of Sardinia to help quiet the rebellion.
		Hamilcar Barca then decided to move his forces west, into Spain, in order to set new footholds in commerce and military might.
		After the death of Hamilcar Barca, his son Hannibal became leader of the Carthaginian army in Spain.
	www.dl.ket.org /latin2/historia/republic/punic3.htm (350 words)

	Salammbo by Gustave Flaubert 7
		Hamilcar's return had not surprised the Mercenaries; according to their ideas the man could not die.
		Hamilcar had the soldiers roused, but not a trumpet was sounded: their captain tapped them softly on the shoulder.
		Hamilcar had desired the taking of prisoners, but the Carthaginians obeyed him grudgingly, so much pleasure did they derive from plunging their swords into the bodies of the Barbarians.
	www.classicbookshelf.com /library/gustave_flaubert/salammbo/7 (5588 words)

	Hamilcar Barca - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		From mountain bases near Palermo he made repeated raids on the Romans and relieved the Punic garrison in Lilybaeum.
		However, the Carthaginians were defeated, and Hamilcar Barca negotiated the terms of the peace that led to Carthage 's withdrawal from Sicily.
		Hamilcar was probably the ablest general and statesman that Carthage had before his son Hannibal.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-hamilcarb.html (239 words)

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