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	Spaceport in Kourou, French Guiana
		The decision to build the launch site in Kourou was made by France in 1964 and the initial construction at a cost of 25 million Francs was completed in 1968.
		Kourou provided France with the alternative to the Hammaguir rocket test base in Algeria, evacuated by June 30, 1967, in the aftermath of the Algerian war for independence.
		The original rocket launching facilities in French Guiana were built by French Space Agency, CNES, along a stretch of coastal land some 60 kilometers wide from the town of Kourou to the town of Sinnamari.
	www.russianspaceweb.com /kourou.html (1241 words)

	[No title]
		Lancement du satellite D-1C Diadème-1 par une fusée Diamant-A depuis Hammaguir, près de Colomb-Béchar en Algérie, du pas de tir Brigitte.
		Troisième lancement d'une fusée Vesta, numéro 4, depuis Hammaguir en Algérie.
		Quatrième lancement d'une fusée vesta, numéro 5, depuis Hammaguir en Algérie.
	membres.lycos.fr /europespace/1967.html (2360 words)

	CIEES (Sahara)
		Among those, Hammaguir located at 120 km in the south-west of Colomb-Bechar, was used as from May 1952 for launching Veronique sounding rockets.
		Owing to the political and military situation in Algeria, it was decided to arrange the Hammaguir station rather than to invest in a new test range which, in all probability, should be abandoned in the long term.
		The lst July 1967, the CIEES was evacuated and handed over to the Algerian authorities, as envisaged it the Evian agreements signed in March 1962.
	www.sat-net.com /serra/sahara_e.htm (390 words)

	Hammaguir / Hamaguir - France Nuclear Forces
		The CIEES (Centre Interarmées d'Essais d'Engins Spéciaux) at Hammaguir [30°54'N 3°02'W] was located at 120 km to the south-west of Colomb-Bechar in the Sahara desert near the Moroccan border [some sources provide a location of 31°00'N 8°08'W but this is evidently in error].
		It was used, beginning in May 1952 for launching sounding rockets and other flight tests associated with the the SSBS and MSBS strategic missiles development programs.
		By the mid-1960s the facility included two missiles test areas consisting of four firing ranges (three in Hammaguir and one in Colomb-Bechar) disposed around three control stations.
	www.globalsecurity.org /wmd/world/france/hammaguir.htm (155 words)

	Asterix
		War leaders talk of resuming operations on this front and that, but man's front embraces the whole universe.
		Launched from Hammaguir (Algeria) in order to test the "Diamant" launching vehicle for the first time.
		Launched from Hammaguir (Algeria) in rder to test the 'Diamant' launching vehicle for the first time.
	www.astronautix.com /craft/asterix.htm (162 words)

	1957 to 1969
		The first French national launch on the Diamant launcher on the 26 November 1965 from Hammaguir in Algeria of the first French satellite A-1, into a 1768x528km, 34 degree orbit.
		Launched on a Diamant launcher from Hammaguir in Algeria on the 17 February 1966.
		The French 22.6kg microsat D-1C was launched on the 8th February 1967 on a Diamant launcher from Hammaguir into a 580x1340km orbit inclined at 40 degrees.
	centaur.sstl.co.uk /SSHP/micro/micro60s.html (3752 words)

	Centre Spatial Guyanais - The Algerian installations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		In the early days, the C.N.E.S. used the Colomb-Béchard and Hammaguir military firing ranges in Algeria for its launch operations.
		Installations on the Colomb-Béchard and Hammaguir military firing ranges in Algeria.
		In accordance with an agreement signed in November 1961 between the Ministry of Defence and the Minister for Scientific Research, the CNES initially made use of the installations on military firing ranges :
	www.cnes.fr /html/_1016_1970_1993_1994_1995_1997_.php (113 words)

	Diamond (rocket) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Diamond is the designation of a family of French booster rockets, with whose assistance between 1965 and 1975 a whole number of small satellites were started.
		The first version of this rocket, with which of France "Asterix" first satellite was launched on 28 November 1965 in Hammaguir, possessed a first stage of 10 m, 1.4 meters of diameters and a weight of 14,7 tons.
		Their engine of the type LRBA Vexin supplied a thrust of 269 for 93 seconds kN.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/D/Diamond-(rocket).htm (418 words)

	Space Today Online - Spaceports Around the World - France
		On November 26, 1965, France became the third nation to launch an artificial moon to orbit above Earth.
		It rode atop a rocket called Diamant in a launch from Hammaguir, Algeria.
		Today, France is part of the European Space Agency, which fires space rockets from the Kourou space launch complex known as Centre Spatial Guyanais.
	www.spacetoday.org /Rockets/Spaceports/France.html (119 words)

	Belier (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The Belier rocket made several test flights under the aegis of CNET.
		The first two test flights were from Hammaguir, then tests moved to CERES (CEM).
		The first operational flight was B07, launched from Hammaguir for the Aeronomie lab and carrying a radioactivity measurement payload.
	www.planet4589.org /space/book/programs/europe/cnessr/belier.html (66 words)

	Hammaguir - Encyclopedia.WorldSearch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Home - Link to Us - Add to favorites
		Hammaguir is a town in Algeria, south-west of Coulomb-Bechar.
		Between 1947 and 1967 there was a rocket launch site near Hammaguir, used for launching sounding rockets and the satellite carrier "Diamond (rocket)" between 1965 and 1967.
	encyclopedia.worldsearch.com /hammaguir.htm (45 words)

	Giving French Guiana a boost
		There has been little foreign investment in promising sectors such as mining, fishing and tourism, said Xavier Lo Pinto, who sells motorcycles in the capital city of Cayenne and heads a local merchants association.
		France used to launch satellites from its Hammaguir base in the Algerian Sahara.
		But when Algeria gained independence in 1962, the program was shifted to a site spread over 222,000 acres in French Guiana.
	www.chron.com /cgi-bin/auth/story.mpl/content/interactive/space/news/98/980516guyana.html (815 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		MISSING QUESTIONS: - Corrections to any errors - Dates (and ideally times and apogees) of remaining launches in 1970s - Which pads and launch ramps used for which sounding rocket launches CSG The Centre Spatial Guyanais near Kourou, Guyane francaise, was established by France after the Hammaguir base in Algeria was evacuated in 1967.
		There is a launch area for sounding rockets which was used mostly from 1968 to 1971.
		All the pads are to the north of the main road (the old route of RN1) close to the ocean.
	www.planet4589.org /space/misc/csg.txt (290 words)

	November 26 - Today in Science (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		In 1965, 14:47 GMT, France launched its first satellite, Astrix 1 onboard a Diamant rocket from Hammaguir, Algeria, becoming the third country in space.
		With a 42-kg payload, the launch was a test of the "Diamant" launching vehicle for the first time.
		In 1922, archaeologist Howard Carter pierced the second of two doorways closing the tomb of King Tutankamun.
	www.todayinsci.com /11/11_26.htm (3602 words)

	EADS SPACE — Diamant (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		This task was one of the primary objectives of the newly-created French national space agency CNES, which provided the funding and selected the company SEREB (Société pour l’Etude et la Réalisation d’Engins Balistiques) as prime contractor for the programme in May 1962.
		It was quickly done: three and a half years later the first French launch vehicle, Diamant (‘diamond’) A took off from the base at Hammaguir in Algeria on 26 December 1965 and successfully placed in orbit the first French satellite, a technology capsule called Astérix.
		Now with its own proven satellite launch capability, France took its place as the third-ranking space nation in the world.
	www.space.eads.net /families/access-to-space/launch_systems/diamant-launchers/program_view (407 words)

	Universal Newsreels
		With the best take off in Ranger history and a flawless 66 hour flight behind it, this mission would also end in disaster when, during the last 19 minutes of the flight, it failed, when signaled by the ground crew, to take pictures of the Sea of Tranquility.
		The location is Hammaguir in the Algerian desert and the site of the French space center.
		France has already had two successful launches but this is the first time both the capsule and booster are all French made.
	www.footagebakery.com /unr001.htm (692 words)

	Hammaguir - definition erklärung bedeutung glossar zu Hammaguir (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Hammaguir - definition erklärung bedeutung glossar zu Hammaguir
		Hammaguir ist die Bezeichnung einer Stadt in Algerien, südwestlich von Coulomb-Bechar.
		[ Hammaguir - definition - erklärung - bedeutung - glossar - Impressum ]
	hammaguir.adlexikon.de /Hammaguir.shtml (109 words)

	Eole rocket (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Its liquid oxygen and oil ether engine was to develop 100 kN thrust.
		The static tests began in February 1949 in Vernon and the flight tests, in November 1952 in Hammaguir.
		The Eole project was cancelled, as well as the whole of LRBA work on liquid oxygen with profit of storable propellants, easier to use for missile propulsion.
	www.sat-net.com /serra/eole_e.htm (320 words)

	Prototypes.com/La saga des statoréacteurs/XI. Origine des missiles de croisière à ...
		Les essais en vol du SE-4500 commencèrent le 10 octobre 1956 à Hammaguir avec le tir du SE-4500 n°1, un échec en raison d’une défaillance du système de guidage.
		En novembre 1956, une seconde campagne de tir débuta, toujours à Hammaguir.
		Les essais en vols continuèrent pourtant jusqu’en 1958 avec la construction de 67 exemplaires dont 62 tirés à Hammaguir.
	xplanes.free.fr /stato/stato-11.html (1369 words)

	Hammaguira
		This went into operation at Hammaguir, 120 km southwest of Colomb-Bechar, in May 1952.
		By the end of the 1950's the launch complexes at Hammaguir had been expanded to include:
		This was later used for launches of the Cora test vehicle in support of the Europa orbital launcher program
	www.astronautix.com /sites/hamguira.htm (1324 words)

	[No title]
		A Hammaguir c'est un enthousiasme difficilement imaginable, mais il y a pourtant un point noir au tableau, le satellite semble silencieux.
		Lancement du satellite D-1A Diapason par une fusée Diamant-A, à 8h 33' 36'' 89''', depuis Hammaguir, près de Colomb-Béchar en Algérie, du pas de tir Brigitte.
		Il avait été lancé le 17 février 1966 par une fusée Diamant A depuis Hammaguir en Algérie.
	europespace.multimania.com /diamant.html (3498 words)

	Topaze (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The Topaze built by the manufacturer SEREB was the first guidable French elevator research rocket.
		The Topaze was started between 1962 and 1965 14mal von Hammaguir.
		This Rocketry or spacecraft article is a stub.
	topaze.ask.dyndns.dk (81 words)

	Veronique turns 50! \| SpaceRef - Your Space Reference
		Although only designed to study the upper atmosphere, Véronique was the precursor for France's nascent space programme and in March 1959 an enhanced Véronique AGI rocket rose above the atmosphere to an altitude of 210 kilometres.
		Véronique lifted off from the Hammaguir launch base in the Algerian desert, where the first Diamant launcher carrying the A-1 "Astérix" satellite was also to be launched in 1965, making France the third nation to attain space power status.
		Diamant's engines were derived from Véronique and would later serve as the foundation for Ariane propulsion technologies.
	www.spaceref.com /news/viewpr.html?pid=8441 (357 words)

	Asterix (Satellit) -- Dieser Artikel befasst sich mit dem Satelliten Asterix... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Asterix ist die Bezeichnung des ersten französischen Satelliten.
		November 1965 von Hammaguir mit einer Trägerrakete vom Typ Diamant A in einen Orbit gebracht, in dem er sich noch heute befinden dürfte, da seine passive Lebensdauer (Zeit bis zum Wiedereintritt in die Erdatmosphäre) einige Jahrhunderte betragen soll.
		Der 42 Kilogramm schwere Asterix war der erste ohne Beteiligung der USA oder der ehemaligen UdSSR gestartete Erdsatellit.
	asterix_satellit.exsudo.de (131 words)

	MSL: Launch History Database
		D1 A 1966-013A 2/17/66 Geodetic France Hammaguir Diamant LEO 19 kg Comments:
		Diademe 1 1967-011A 2/8/67 Geodetic France Hammaguir Diamant LEO 23 kg Comments:
		Diademe 2 1967-014A 2/15/67 Geodetic France Hammaguir Diamant LEO 23 kg Comments:
	www.milnet.com /pentagon/spacecom/satdat/geodesy.htm (716 words)

	Who does what and where - Launch and operations - The European Spaceport
		Who does what and where - Launch and operations - The European Spaceport
		Having relinquished the Hammaguir base in the Algerian Sahara, (from which the first French 'Diamant' rockets were launched), the Guiana launch site was chosen by General de Gaulle in April 1964.
		It was selected from a short list of 14 world-wide sites because of its exceptional position.
	industry.esa.int /ATTACHEMENTS/A8610 (182 words)

	Hammaguir (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		This page obtained Sat, 26 Nov 2005 16:48:45 GMT
		Sorry, no screened links relevant to Hammaguir were found:
		To link to this page, please copy and paste this exact code:
	www.omniknow.com /common/wiki.php?in=en&term=Hammaguir (192 words)

	Cora (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		With his specific fairing, although derived from that of Europa, Cora measured 11.5 m high, for a constant diameter of 2 m, and weighed 16.5 t at takeoff.
		Three rounds were launched: twice in Hammaguir and once at Biscarosse.
		Notes: Launch site: HMG = Hammaguir; BIS = Biscarosse (CEL)
	www.univ-perp.fr /fuseurop/cora_e.htm (246 words)

	Auto Spectator
		September: Pallas Saloon 1964 -Martin Luther King wins the Nobel Peace Prize-IBM produces the first computer with integrated circuits
		October: Market launch of the ID & DS 21 with a 2,175 cm3 engine 1965 -De Gaulle is reelected President of the French Republic against FranÃ§ois Mitterrand-The French rocket Emeraude is launched in Hammaguir, Algeria
		October: New faired-in, swivelling headlamps 1967 -Israel and the Arab countries clash in the six-day war-Colour television arrives in France
	www.autospectator.com /modules/news/print.php?storyid=1543 (2560 words)

	S66-09378 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		NASA Photo ID: S66-09378 File Name: 10074552.jpg Film Type: 4x5 Date Taken: 10/01/66 Title: Gemini 12 Experiment S-51 Daytime Sodium Cloud Photography Description: Goggles which will be worn by astronaut as he photographs sodium clouds ejected from French Centaure rocket launched from Hammaguir, Algeria.
		Subject terms: EQUIPMENT GEMINI 12 FLIGHT GEMINI PROJECT GEMINI SPACECRAFT GOGGLES PHOTOGRAPHY SPACEBORNE EXPERIMENTS
		NASA Technical Monitor: Sid Clinton, NASA/JSC, Mail Code PS4, Houston, TX 77058
	science.ksc.nasa.gov /mirrors/images/images/pao/GT12/10074552.htm (78 words)

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