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	Hammam - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The hammam (Arabic:حمام) combines the functionality and the structural elements of its predecessors in Anatolia, the Roman thermae and Byzantine baths, with the Turkish-Muslim tradition of bathing, ritual cleansing and respect of water.
		The hammams in the Ottoman culture started out as structural elements serving as annexes to mosques, however quickly evolved into institutions and eventually with the works of the Ottoman architect Sinan, into monumental structural complexes, the finest example being the Çemberlitaş Hammam in Istanbul, built in 1584.
		A typical hammam consists of three interconnected basic rooms similar to its Roman ancestors: the sıcaklık (or hararet -caldarium) which is the hot room, the warm room (tepidarium) which is the intermediate room and the soğukluk which is the cool room.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Hammam (1280 words)

	Al-Ahram Weekly \| Spicial \| Steamy concessions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The distribution of hammams within the city, Raymond argues, suggests that "frequenting public baths seems to have been a behavioural trait characteristic of the 'middle classes' (artisans and merchants), since the wealthy had private baths." This is hardly the case today.
		The hammam is thus meant to play a pivotal role in the life of the quarter, linking the preparation of food and the elimination of waste material -- or, to put it more dramatically, symbolising consumption in both its forms.
		Hammam Bishtak (located on Suq Al-Silah Street, opposite the southwestern corner of the ruined mosque of Mir Zada), which at 1,150 square metres is vast compared to most of Cairo's other baths, is said to be going for around LE1 million.
	weekly.ahram.org.eg /2000/514/spec2.htm (2015 words)

	Hammam (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Hammam Spa is a holistic urban day spa offering a wide range of services and treatments which are unique in concept.
		Hammam Spa is not only a urban retreat to de-stress, relax and rejuvinate but also serves as a meeting place of socialization.
		Hammam Spa is located at 602 King Street West at the North West corner of King and Portland (between Spadina and Bathurst).
	www.hammamspa.ca (215 words)

	Morocco FAQ \| What should I expect when I visit a Moroccan hammam? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		A visit to a Moroccan hammam (bathhouse) is a wonderful experience and one of the best ways to connect with Moroccans.
		The rules for taking a bath in a hammam are not written in stone, but here's a guide to the traditional way of doing it.
		While these private hammams are usually more elaborate and luxurious, they also tend to be much more expensive than public bathhouses.
	www.triotours.com /faq/ma/hammam.htm (1177 words)

	Hammam
		Hammams served the public in times when bathrooms were not a part of a normal house.
		Hammams are still scattered throughout cities in Arab countries.
		Hammams are used by both men and women; some have different hours for the sexes, while others serve only one sex.
	i-cias.com /e.o/hammam.htm (115 words)

	Guardian Unlimited Football \| News \| Hammam captivated by Cardiff
		Hammam took over City 18 months ago having painfully severed his links with Wimbledon, the club he will always be associated with.
		Hammam has pumped some £10m into City, who were promoted from the Third Division last season, and he this week hired Lennie Lawrence as the club's director of football to work alongside the manager Alan Cork - one of Hammam's Crazy Gang during Wimbledon's halcyon days.
		Hammam caused a stir after the third-round draw was made when, having failed to have the tie switched to the Millennium stadium, he claimed that Cardiff was a bigger club than Leeds.
	football.guardian.co.uk /News_Story/0,1563,626998,00.html (772 words)

	Sam Hammam speaks out - My Football Forum - World Wide Soccer Discussion
		SAM Hammam, the man who has single-handedly driven Cardiff City from the edge of obscurity to within reach of the Premier League, is back to his best.
		Hammam takes advice, of course, but he decides which way to turn - and every turn can be fraught with danger.
		Hammam was relaxed and smiling as he talked of hitting the road again, going out to talk to Bluebirds fans in pubs and clubs throughout Wales.
	www.myfootballforum.com /showthread.php?t=8803 (1303 words)

	Hammam portal
		The HAMMAM project develops strategies and designs new concepts of adapting the old Hammam features to a contemporary Islamic life, at the same time assessing possibilities for a joint usage of the Hammam by the local dwellers and tourists interested not only in architecture, but also in getting to know other life styles.
		The HAMMAM study uses a case study approach, which starts the investigation from the local situation (cultural, economical and technical) of six specific Hammams in five different Mediterranean countries and one European country (Turkey) and develops sustainable user concepts for the different sites.
		With the disappearance of Hammams, Islamic cities are about to loose a major feature of their cultural heritage with deteriorating consequences on the urbanistic, societal and architectural qualities.
	www.hammams.org (247 words)

	CNNSI.com - Soccer - Cardiff owner defends hooligan bodyguard - Friday January 11, 2002 08:35 AM
		Hammam, whose second division club ousted Premier League leader Leeds 2-1 in a fiery third round FA Cup tie on Sunday, said he would not sack 37-year-old Neil MacNamara.
		Hammam was accompanied by MacNamara as he walked around the sidelines near the end of the tie at Ninian Park.
		Hammam's walk allegedly incited some of the fan violence at the end of the game.
	sportsillustrated.cnn.com /soccer/news/2002/01/11/hammam_bodyguard_ap (893 words)

	Family Honor
		I had heard about hammams, the local version of the Turkish steam baths, and set out, towel in hand, to investigate.
		Bathing was a daily chore for me at home, but these women had a weekly trip to the hammam to clean themselves and socialise.
		Just as I was enjoying being clean and fresh, a soccer ball came bouncing towards me. I spent the next half hour undoing all the good work of the hammam by becoming involved in a game of soccer with the local kids.
	www.angelfire.com /on2/anotheradventure/hammam.html (1486 words)

	Hammam Spa - Toronto Day Spa - WaySpa.com
		Hammam is a Holistic Urban Spa, infusing old world traditional treatments with new age modern day services using state of the art technology.
		Hammam offers the highest quality facilities, products and spa treatments in Toronto within a breathtaking, innovative design that can be best described as rich, organic and progressive.
		Hammam Spa is located at 602 King Street West in the trendy 'King West' area of downtown Toronto.
	www.wayspa.com /hammamspa/?mode=overview (170 words)

	Hammam's pledges ring hollow - My Football Forum - World Wide Soccer Discussion
		But Hammam stood firm, and his reassuring words gave the fans no reason not to believe him despite the nagging doubts.
		Hammam's ability to exaggerate is unrivalled in the football world - he, of course, once unashamedly proclaimed that Cardiff are a bigger club than Leeds United could become as big as Barcelona.
		Hammam has certainly managed to awoken a sleeping giant since arriving at Cardiff, but losing Earnshaw has always been the worst nightmare for the Bluebirds faithful.
	www.myfootballforum.com /showthread.php?t=610 (882 words)

	The Islamic Hammam is Born
		The hammam gained religious significance and became an annex to the mosque, used to comply with the Islamic laws of hygiene and purification.
		While the Roman bather finished with a stay in the library or study, the hammam bather ends where he or she began, lounging on couches in the rest hall while servants bring drinks and cool the bather with fans.
		The hammam became such an important part in the lives of Moslem women that if a husband were to deny his wife her visits to the hammam, she had grounds for divorce.
	www.cyberbohemia.com /Pages/Islahammam.htm (2389 words)

	Hammam
		The hammam combines the functionality and the structural elements of its predecessors in Anatolia, the Roman thermae and Byzantine baths, with the Turkish-Muslim tradition of bathing, ritual cleansing and respect of water.
		The warm room is used for washing up with soap and water and the soğukluk is to relax, dress up, have a refreshing drink and where available, nap in private cubicles after the massage.
		The hammam, as opposed to its Roman or Byzantine baths, is not exclusive to men only, hammam complexes usually contain separate quarters for men and women.
	www.healthvent.com /Bathing/Hammam.php (1001 words)

	Marrakesh Features \| Fodor's Online Travel Guide
		A hammam is a wonderful place to refresh yourself after walking or trekking, and if you go to a public one (which costs a fraction of those at hotels), you'll get a chance to communicate with the locals and participate in one of their customs.
		The hammam, descended from the Roman bath, is the Moroccan version of a Turkish bath -- very hot, lots of running water, but less steam -- and is used by all Moroccans at least once a week.
		If you are shy, prefer to be alone, or want to share the hammam with a companion of the opposite sex, go to a hotel hammam, since the public ones are segregated and generally quite busy.
	www.fodors.com /miniguides/mgresults.cfm?destination=marrakesh@183&cur_section=fea&feature=30009 (534 words)

	ESPN.com Soccernet England: News - Hammam stands by security guard
		Hammam said: 'Mac is like a poacher turned gamekeeper - he knows how to handle certain situations.
		Hammam said he was determined to stamp out hooliganism at his club and has arranged a meeting with supporters to talk about how to tackle the problem.
		Hammam was accused of inciting trouble during Cardiff's 2-1 FA Cup third-round victory over Leeds at Ninian Park on Sunday when he walked behind the Premiership team's goal.
	www.soccernet.com /england/news/2002/0111/20020111cacfchammam.html (413 words)

	ESPN.com Soccernet England: News - BBC defends Hammam film
		Hammam was furious after a BBC series on the re-emergence of football violence highlighted the Cardiff owner's links with the club's hooligans, the self-styled 'Soul Crew'.
		In the second programme of the threepart documentary, Hooligans, screened last Sunday, Hammam was seen drinking and mixing with known thugs.
		Hammam claimed yesterday that the programme was 'biased and distorted'.
	www.soccernet.com /england/news/2002/0522/20020522bbchammam.html (178 words)

	Red Flower Hammam
		Circling time and place, the traditions found steeped in a present day hammam can be experienced from the far-reaching Costa of Andalusia, Spain to the natural hot springs of Turkey, Tunisia and Morocco.
		This is a flow of deeply cleansing, detoxifying essential oils and plant, nut and fruit extracts, carefully chosen from indigenous ingredients for their therapeutic and healing properties.
		This refreshing, cleansing purifier is a vital infusion based on the traditional Moroccan mint tea blend of white sage, peppermint, spearmint, lavender, and gunpowder green tea, with additional ingredients of fl olive extract, montmorillonite clay and silt.
	www.beautyhabit.com /redflower_hammam.html (628 words)

	FAW Premier Cup Latest - City Will Compete \|\| Bluebird to the Bone - Unofficial Cardiff City News and Views (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		It is thought that Hammam has had meetings with the FAW since these statements were made and the club will now participate in the competition that offers a £100,000 prize cheque to the winners.
		Last season Hammam said that the club would only field youth players in the Premier Cup, and yet we played an almost full-strength side at the Racecourse in the semi-finals and were still knocked out on penalties.
		Hammam has vowed to do all he can to find a backdoor European entry route for the Bluebirds, and has again spoke about the club fielding a 'second side' in the Welsh Premier with the possibility of European Cup football as a result.
	www.sportnetwork.net /main/s120/st54256.htm (784 words)

	Vancouver Plus.ca - Health & Beauty - Miraj Hammam Spa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Traditionally a Hammam was known as a place to rejuvenate body and spirit, and Miraj's cornerstone treatment is the Hammam and Gommage ($69.99).
		The Hammam cleanses the body in low-mist and high-intensity steam chambers, while the Gommage is a full-body exfoliation treatment using fl Morrocan soap.
		Hammam facial options also include a papaya/clay toning masque and a sea algae/essential oils toning masque (both $29.99).
	www.vancouverplus.ca /health_beauty/miraj_hammam_spa/669453 (278 words)

	JLBG Hammam Meskoutine Travel Page - VirtualTourist.com
		Hammam Meskoutine is a small city, elevation 214 meter, 4 km off the main road from Annaba to Constantine, 14 km to Guelma.
		However, the road sign does not write Hammam Meskoutine but Hammam Debbagh, which is the name of a 1096 meter high mountain close to the village.
		Caution : Hammam Meskoutine is not in the wilaya of Annaba but in the wilaya of Guelma.
	members.virtualtourist.com /m/6ce90/1d3292 (299 words)

	Hammam, Kristy - Biography
		Hammam began her career as a writer and copy editor at CNN Headline News, where she worked for nearly six years.
		She went on to produce and voice a weekly health feature in addition to national and international features for all of the CNN networks.
		Hammam has degrees in both English and art history, graduating with honors from Emory University.
	www.webmd.com /content/Biography/9/114492.htm (148 words)

	Bozori Kord Hammam in Bukhara :: Oriental spa for men and women. Welcome to one of the oldest working hammam in the ...
		The hammam experience may be one of the most memorable ones of your trip.
		The bath in the hammam is a self-service affair.
		You will be guided into the hammam by an assistant who will show you where to sit, how to get water, and how to relax in the hot room.
	www.orexca.com /hammams_bukhara1.shtml (787 words)

	Les Cigognes - Hammam Marrakech: Detox and destress with traditional Moroccan steam bath and massage
		To destress and detox, there is no better way than to visit a traditional Moroccan steam bath, a hammam, and have a deeply relaxing massage or rub-down.
		Guests often combine a visit to the hammam, a truly cleansing experience, with a visit to our spa for a relaxing and energising massage or other luxurious treatments, you will be spoilt for choice.
		The tradition of the hammam includes a typical massage “beldi” with Moroccan fl soap in a steam room.
	www.lescigognes.com /en/hotel/hammam.html (233 words)

	BBC SPORT \| CARDIFF CITY \| Yorath slams Hammam
		Cardiff-born Yorath, who managed the Bluebirds and played for the Yorkshire club during his long career, described Hammam's actions in walking around the pitch during the game as 'outrageous'.
		Yorath, who was manager of Cardiff in 1994, believes Hammam may have overdone his adoption of Welsh 'hwyl' at the club.
		Hammam has demanded an apology from the BBC - even though he had one of its reporters thrown out of Ninian Park following the Leeds match.
	news.bbc.co.uk /sport1/hi/football/teams/c/cardiff_city/1748871.stm (443 words)

	Upcoming cleaning campaign in Hammam Damt on June 5 - Yemen Times (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Dozens of helpers will brave the gaping depths of the largest of Hammam Damt’s sinter cones and free its lake from the plastic bottles and other rubbish visitors have left behind there over the years.
		Whether it is keeping Hammam Damt litter-free or helping to increase public awareness, it’s all a part of thinking green and being a trusted and valued community partner.
		The economy of Hammam Damt is depending on tourism and agriculture.
	yementimes.com /article.shtml?i=951&p=report&a=1 (998 words)

	Red Flower: HammamRed Flower: Hammam Moroccan Mint Tea Silt Purifier Red Flower: Hammam Lemon Coffee Blossom Olive ...
		In an atmosphere of half light, quiescence and devotion, is a sensual ritual of heat, steam, massage, detoxification, rich scent and relaxation based on the skin care practices of the hammam bath house.
		Tracing its roots back to the ancient roman thermae (large baths), the body treatment traditions of the hammam can still be experienced in the far-off coasts of Andalusia, Spain, to hot springs of Turkey, Tunisia and Morocco.
		Hammam is created to deeply detoxify and release a warm radiance in the body.
	www.luckyscent.com /shop/category.asp?categoryid=285§ion=4 (304 words)

	toilet - AL-HAMMAM (English to Arabic translation glossary)
		HAMMAM is a Turkish term meaning “bath house.” It has been so fully integrated into Arabic as to engender a number of verbs: HAMMAMA, TAHAMMAMA, ISTAHAMMA
		Toilet is more specific than bathroom in that it refers a place where one relieves oneself.
		The meaning of kaneef is derived from from shelter or screen (kanafa كنف) and it means also a plase where one relieves oneself relieves oneself.
	www.proz.com /?sp=h&id=78530 (1099 words)

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