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Topic: Han Chinese language

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Indonesian

Cantonese language

Simplified Chinese character

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Han Chinese

Chinese spoken language

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	Haner language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Haner language (Traditional Chinese: 漢兒言語) was a Chinese language heavily influenced by non-Han Chinese languages, especially Mongolian.
		The term "Haner language" appears at the Nogeoldae and Bak Tongsa, and refers to the colloquial Han language of Northern China.
		It is the written language used in imperial edicts, laws and other official documents during the Yuan Dynasty.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Haner_language (672 words)

	Han Chinese - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Han Chinese is a subset of the Chinese nation (Zhonghua minzu).
		The famous Chinese historian Sima Qian's Records of the Grand Historian dates the reign of the Yellow Emperor, the legendary ancestor of Han Chinese, to 2698 BCE to 2599 BCE.
		Since the 20th century written Chinese has been usually vernacular Chinese, which is largely based upon dialects of Mandarin, and not the local dialect of the writer (with the exception of the informal use of written Cantonese).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Han_Chinese (2301 words)

	Chinese Language Facts
		The Chinese language (spoken in its standard Mandarin form) is the official language of the People's Republic of China and the Republic of China, one of four official languages of Singapore, and one of six official languages of the United Nations.
		The terms and concepts used by Chinese to think about language are different from those used in the West, partly because of the unifying effects of the Chinese characters used in writing, and partly because of differences in the political and social development of China in comparison with Europe.
		Nevertheless, the orthographies of Chinese dialects are not identical.
	www.languagehelpers.com /languagefacts/chinese.html (1603 words)

	Untitled Document (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The Chinese languages are the languages of the Han people, the major ethnic group of China, including both the People's Republic of China and the Republic of China.
		Chinese, together with Tibetan and Myanmar (formerly known as Burmese) and the many tribal languages of South and Southeast Asia, belongs to the family of Sino-Tibetan languages.
		The need to establish an official national language was felt as early as the 17th century when the Ch'ing dynasty established a number of "correct pronunciation institutes" to teach standard Peking pronunciation, particularly in the Cantonese and Fukienese-speaking southern provinces.
	www.chinalanguage.com /Language/chinese.html (1461 words)

	Chinese script and language
		Spoken Chinese: Cantonese, Dungan, Gan, Hakka, Mandarin, Shanghainese, Taiwanese, Teochew, Xiang
		Chinese is written with characters known as 漢字 [汉字] (hànzi).
		Chinese characters, with some modifications, are also used in written Japanese and Korean, and were once used to write Vietnamese.
	www.omniglot.com /writing/chinese.htm (960 words)

	The Chinese Language (www.chinaknowledge.de)
		Chinese language is the language spoken by most people of the world, at least theoretically.
		Relatives of the Chinese Language are the Tibeto-Burmese languages, the languages of Tibet and of modern Myanmar and many, many small tribes that live in the Himalaya and its foothills.
		The problem in reconstructing old Chinese language is that we do know how words were written, but because Chinese script is not a sound script (at least not in general) but a symbolic script, we do know nothing about the pronunciation of the old words.
	www.chinaknowledge.de /Literature/language.html (3523 words)

	Chinese Language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		It is the official language of China and one of the official languages of Singapore.
		Chinese is also spoken by large emigrant communities, such as those in Southeast Asia, North and South America, and the Hawaiian Islands.
		The Chinese written language is of an old and conservative type that assigns a single distinctive symbol, or character, to each word of the vocabulary.
	www.ron-turner.com /chineselanguage.html (1875 words)

	Chinese History - Han Dynasty æ¼¢ event history (www.chinaknowledge.de)
		At the begin of Han, the military consisted to a large part of corvÃ©e milita (yibing å½¹åµ) that served for two years as standing force (zhengzu æ£å’) and were stationed either in the capital as guard (weishi è¡å£«) or at the borders as defence force (rongzu æå’).
		The effect of the Chinese expansion to the west was not only the spread of Chinese culture and the diffusion of Chinese people into areas hitherto "barbarian", but also the opening of the very important trade route that later should be called Silkroad.
		One crucial task for the young Eastern Han Empire was the reconstruction of the economy after the deastrous years of civil war that followed the inundation catastrophies of the Yellow River in AD 3 and 11.
	www.chinaknowledge.de /History/Han/han-event.html (8024 words)

	Chinese language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The Chinese language (汉语/漢語华语/華語 or 中文; pinyin : hànyǔ huáyǔ; or zhōngwén) is a of the Sino-Tibetan family of languages.
		The terms and concepts used by Chinese think about language are different from those in the West partly because of the effects of the Chinese characters used in writing and partly because differences in the political and social development China in comparison with Europe.
		Old Chinese sometimes known as 'Archaic Chinese' was language common during the early and middle Zhou Dynasty (11th to 7th centuries B.C.) texts which include inscriptions on bronze artifacts the of the Shijing the history of the Shujing and portions of the Yijing (I Ching).
	www.freeglossary.com /Chinese_language (3493 words)

	chinese
		If it hadn't been for the American cultural imperialism and invention, Chinese, or Mandarin that is the official language in one of the oldest cultures of the world - China, would probably have been the most spoken language before the beginning of the third millenium.
		Many people in the west think that the Chinese language is Cantonese whereas in fact Cantonese is just one of the eight major dialects of the Chinese language.
		Therefore, the standard language spoken nationally is based on the pronunciation of the Nothern dialect.
	www.geocities.com /CapitolHill/Parliament/4225/Chinese.html (690 words)

	Mandarin
		The language of this period was modeled on the language of the Classical period.
		However, even though the written and the spoken language(s) began to diverge to the point that the written form was no longer comprehensible to most people, it continued to be used by administrators, scholars, and the educated elite.
		Chinese writing is the oldest system in the world that has hardly changed in the last 4,000 years.
	www.nvtc.gov /lotw/months/may/Mandarin.html (2156 words)

	Chinese Language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Chinese is the language of the Han people, the majority ethnic group of China.
		The earliest Chinese characters were pictographs, such as a crescent for the moon, or a circle with a dot in the center to represent the sun.
		Since the Chinese characters are also used in Japanese, each language, when written, is partially intelligible to a speaker of the other, despite the fact that the two spoken languages are totally dissimilar.
	www2.kenyon.edu /Depts/Religion/Fac/Adler/Reln270/ChineseLanguage.htm (461 words)

	Han Chinese (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The language of the Han Chinese is the most widely spoken in the world.
		Commonly referred to as Mandarin Chinese, it is actually a Beijing-based dialect of the Han language.
		The Han language, in its various dialects, has been the official language of China since the Qing Dynasty, or around 220 C.E. Mandarin is the oldest living language in the world.
	www.mnsu.edu /emuseum/cultural/oldworld/asia/hanchinese.html (576 words)

	Ethnologue 14 report for language code:CHN
		The Hui correspond ethnically to 'Khoton', 'Hoton', or 'Qotong' in Mongolia, 20,000 Muslim Chinese in Taiwan, and the Hui in Thailand.
		15,000 in Brunei, 29.7% of ethnic Chinese (1979).
		All ethnic Chinese are 53,273 (1990 censu), or 1.3% of the population (1993 Johnstone).
	www.ethnologue.com /show_language.asp?code=CHN (667 words)

	Chinese Language
		Chinese is the native tongue of more people than any other language on earth, spoken by most of the approximately 1.2 billion Han and other peoples of China
		When people mention the Chinese language, they are actually referring to Mandarin Chinese, one of the 205 living languages spoken in China.
		It is called putonghua, "the common language," in the People's Republic of China or Hanyu, "the language of the Han people." These various names and the terms zhongwen and zhongguohua are often used interchangeably, but they all refer to the Chinese language.
	www.koreanhistoryproject.org /Jta/Ch/ChLAN0.htm (284 words)

	Exploring Chinese History :: Chapter 9, Section 1- Minorities (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		Its language belongs to the Mongolian branch of the Altaic language family and is close to that of the Tu and Dongxiang ethnic minorities.
		Similar to the language of the Nu people, their neighbors, it does not have a written form and, traditionally, records were made and messages transmitted by engraving notches in wood and tying knots.
		The term Han Chinese is sometimes used synonymously with "Chinese" without regard to the 55 other minority Chinese ethnic groups; usage of this kind tends to be frowned upon by Chinese nationals, who regard the phrase Zhongguó rén (中國人) to be a more precise terminology.
	www.ibiblio.org /chinesehistory/contents/c09s01.html (16966 words)

	Language - Population - China - Asia
		The Chinese dialects are tonal in nature, meaning that words are assigned a distinctive relative pitch—high or low—or a distinctive pitch contour—level, rising, or falling.
		Although the Chinese dialects are mutually unintelligible in their spoken forms, they share a common written form.
		As a means of standardizing the language used by the Han, in 1956 the government declared the dialect of Putonghua the country’s common spoken language.
	www.countriesquest.com /asia/china/population/language.htm (454 words)

	Chinese Cultural Studies: The Chinese Language and Alphabet
		The 'Sinitic' part of the name refers to the various Chinese languages (often referred to as 'dialects'); the 'Tibetan' part refers to several languages found mainly in Tibet, Burma, and nearby territories.
		It is possible to identify 'clusters' of languages which have certain features in common, such as the 50 or so Lolo languages, spoken by around 3 million people in parts of Burma, Thailand, Vietnam, Laos, and China.
		Han Chinese is thus to be distinguished from the non-Han minority languages used in China.
	acc6.its.brooklyn.cuny.edu /~phalsall/texts/chinlng2.html (1520 words)

	Han - Chinese Nationalities (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		The Han Nationality is about 92% of the Country's population.
		The minorities have been exempted from the national birth-control campaign but not the Han.
		The Han are part of the Sino-Tibetan Sinoitic ethno linguistic group.
	www.paulnoll.com /China/Minorities/min-Han.html (124 words)

	Chinese Language Books and Software
		Learn Chinese with textbook and audio tutorial: Elementary Chinese Readers is the first set of Chinese language textbooks distributed abroad since the eighties.
		In Chinese literary history, there were certain periods which were dominated by one distinctive predominant literary genre, such as "fu" (descriptive prose interspersed with verse) during the Han Dynasty, poetry in Tang, "Ci" poetry (a special poetic form) of Song and "qu" (singing verse) of Yuan.
		Library of Chinese Classics is a collection of Chinese classics in an ancient Chinese original text with comprehensive and systematic modern Chinese and English translation format.
	www.abc-chinese.com /index.html (803 words)

	International News : Russians enthusiastic about learning Chinese (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-30)
		More than 50 students are enrolled in Chinese language classes in Kazan University, a college attended by both the founder of the former Soviet Union Vladimir Lenin, and renowned Russian writer Lev Tolstoy.
		Han Yong, a Chinese language teacher in Kazan University, said more and more students were choosing Chinese as their college major.
		With the rapid growth of China's economy and closer relations between China and Russia, the Chinese language is becoming a useful job skill.
	www.keralanext.com /news/?id=817262 (345 words)

	Chinese Languages
		You may find it very useful if you are interested in sinology and the Chinese language.
		If you like to read classical Chinese novels like the Romance of Three Kingdoms, this is the site you should go.
		To read Chinese in Lynx you have to have a zwdos application installed in your machine.
	www.wku.edu /~yuanh/China/language.html (394 words)

	Chinese Minority Ethnic Groups
		According to the 1995 sample survey of 1 percent of China's population, there were 1.09932 billion Han people (an increase of 56.84 million since the Fourth National Population Census of 1990), accounting for 91.02 percent of China's total population.
		Han people are found in all parts of the country, but mainly in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River (Huanghe), Yangtze River (Changjiang), Pearl River (Zhujiang) and the Northeast Plain.
		The Han people has its own spoken and written language, known as the Chinese language, which is commonly used throughout China and is the working language of the United Nations.
	www.travelchinaguide.com /intro/nationality (692 words)

	Korean Alphabet, Han Gul
		It is considered to be one of the most efficient alphabets in the world and has garnered unanimous praise from language experts for its scientific design and excellence.
		The Chinese script was used by the intelligentsia of the country, but being of foreign origin, it could not fully express the words and meaning of Korean thoughts and spoken language.
		For those scholars who had spent years on learning the complicated letters of the Chinese language, Han-gul did not appear to be worthy of learning.
	www.geocities.com /tokyo/pagoda/1876/hangul.htm (1556 words)

	Chinese Language Overseas Programs
		Students live with Chinese college students in dormitories on the campus of Beijing Normal College of Foreign Languages or the Harbin Institute of Technology.
		Study emphasizes intensive language study and the history, culture and socioeconomic institutions in China.
		Particular attention will be given to the accommodations made to the Han Chinese culture by the other peoples of south China.
	www.lclark.edu /dept/chinese/overseas.html (223 words)

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