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Topic: Han characters

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	RFC 1815 (rfc1815) - Character Sets ISO-10646 and ISO-10646-J-1
		As the profiling of ISO 10646 largely affects which character or combination of characters could be properly displayed, changes of profiling of ISO 10646 are as significant as additions of new character sets of ISO 2022.
		The other problem of ISO 10646 for Han characters is that, to display them in quality required for daily plain text processing in China/Japan/Korea, it is necessary to add profiling information on which one of Chinese/Japanese/Korean the text is using.
		Shapes of Han characters should be of Japanese Han, that is, those of column "J" in section 26 of ISO 10646.
	www.faqs.org /rfcs/rfc1815.html (1280 words)

	FAQ - HAN & CJK
		In the overwhelming majority of cases where a Han character is written differently in different locales, readers from one locale would recognize the form used in another; in all cases, experts from throughout East Asia would recognize the fundamental unity of the character.
		Kanji characters are mapped to one of the blocks of CJK Unified Ideographs, CJK Compatibility Ideographs, CJK Unified Ideographs Extension A, or CJK Unified Ideographs Extension B in Unicode 4.0 (or later versions) and corresponding versions of ISO/IEC 10646; or are mapped to CJK Compatibility Ideographs.
		A: The characters used to write Chinese are traditionally called "Chinese characters" in the various East Asian languages (hanzi in Mandarin, kanji in Japanese and hanja in Korean).
	www.unicode.org /faq/han_cjk.html (4263 words)

	Glossary
		A maximal character sequence consisting of either a base character followed by a sequence of one or more characters where each is a combining character, zero width joiner, or zero width non-joiner; or a sequence of one or more characters where each is a combining character, zero width joiner, or zero width non-joiner.
		A character that is equivalent to a sequence of one or more other characters, according to the decomposition mappings found in the Unicode Character Database, and those described in Section 3.12, Conjoining Jamo Behavior.
		A mapping from a character to a sequence of one or more characters that is a canonical or compatibility equivalent and that is listed in the character names list or described in Section 3.12, Conjoining Jamo Behavior.
	www.unicode.org /glossary (8703 words)

	Asian Language Terminology
		The simplified character set is used in mainland China: the characters were systematically modified and simplified after the revolution with the idea of making reading and writing accessible to a broader spectrum of the population.
		Although characters can be and are ordered on the basis of the number of strokes in the character, the large number of characters with, say, 27 strokes (about 400) makes it hard to locate a character without a secondary order.
		Under each radical, characters are arranged according to the number or strokes required to draw the remainder of the character (excluding the radical).
	www.aproposinc.com /pages/asiantrm.htm (1566 words)

	Simplified vs Traditional Chinese in Unicode
		In many cases, this meant that a single character from the simplified set was used in place of several characters from the larger traditional set.
		The initial set of sources for Han encoding in Unicode laid end to end comprised 121,000 characters, but there were many repeats, and the final Unicode tally for all these after elimination of duplicates was 20,902.
		What is left for unification are characters representing the same thing but exhibiting no visual differences, or relatively minor differences such as different sequence for writing strokes, differences in stroke overshoot and protrusion, differences in contact and bend of strokes, differences in accent and termination of strokes, etc.
	people.w3.org /rishida/scripts/chinese (1106 words)

	CBBC Newsround \| STAR WARS CHARACTERS \| Han Solo
		Han knew his only way to pay Jabba back was to be paid to take a risky trip from Tatooine to Alderaan carrying with him Obi-wan Kenobi, Luke Skywalker and their two droids, C-3PO and R2-D2.
		Han and Chewbacca helped rescue rebel leader Princess Leia and were allowed to escape the Death Star, as they led the Empire to the rebel's secret base.
		Han went on to lead a mission on the forest moon of Endor so that the Empire could be beaten once and for all.
	news.bbc.co.uk /cbbcnews/hi/find_out/guides/showbiz/star_wars_characters/newsid_1987000/1987265.stm (273 words)

	Chinese Calligraphy in Han Dynasty
		Han Dynasty 206 BC - 220 AD In 206 BC the entire Qin royal family was murdered, and soon afterward a new dynasty, the Western Han, took over.
		By fabricating character elements, or radicals, and reorganizing characters by these radicals, the last pictographic vestige in seal script was eliminated and the design of Chinese character was finalized.
		In Han Dynasty, which adopted Zhou's patriarchal clan system, the uses of the stele were expanded into official declaration of merits, clan hall memorials, and tombstones.
	www.rice-paper.com /uses/calligraphy/history/han.html (720 words)

	InputSubset (GNU Classpath 0.95 Documentation)
		Constant for all Han characters used in writing Korean, including a subset of the CJK unified ideographs as well as Korean Han characters that may be defined as surrogate characters.
		Constant for all Han characters used in writing Japanese, including a subset of the CJK unified ideographs as well as Japanese Han characters that may be defined as surrogate characters.
		Constant for all Han characters used in writing Simplified Chinese, including a subset of the CJK unified ideographs as well as Simplified Chinese Han characters that may be defined as surrogate characters.
	developer.classpath.org /doc/java/awt/im/InputSubset.html (663 words)

	Chinese written language
		In Japan and Korea, Han characters were adopted and integrated into their languages and became Kanji and Hanja, respectively.
		Some, but not all, Han characters are ideographs, but most Han Chinese characters have forms that were based on their pronunciation rather than their meanings, so they do not directly express ideas.
		Chinese characters appear to have originated in the Shang dynasty as pictograms depicting concrete objects.
	www.gamesinathens.com /olympics/c/ch/chinese_written_language.shtml (825 words)

	Character Set List
		The same variants of the same characters written in the same style still won't count as a signature; the exact precise glyph (including wear and damage) that appears on the hanko is the one that constitutes the individual's signature.
		Character unification is difficult at the best of times, and the Unicode Han character repertoire often seems to reflect expediency and personal opinion more than academic value.
		This prevented the unification of those characters that had separate variants in JIS X 0208, and even in JIX X 0213 there are code points (61, in fact) assigned to what most commentators say are characters already in Unicode, but which now have to be given their own codepoints for round-trip compatibility.
	www.jbrowse.com /text/unij.html (9002 words)

	The Evolution of Chinese Characters
		Some of the earliest Chinese characters are pictographic; the character for mountain is just like a mountain and that for horse complete with mane and four legs.
		The examples that he cites and illustrates are from oracle bones, bronze texts, inscriptions in pottery (seal-impressions and incised characters), silk and bamboo-tablets (brush-written in ink), etc. The four groups are called: (1a) simple single-element graphs, (2a) simple multi-element graphs, and (2b) complex multi-element graphs.
		Pertaining to Chinese orthography, the character analysis portion of this research is based mainly upon Weiger's development of the formal elements of the Chinese characters (1965), which in turn had its foundation in "Shuowen".
	www.humboldt.edu /~cllc/evolutn.htm (1436 words)

	CJK - Wikinfo
		This number of characters cannot fit in the 256-character code space of 8-bit encodings, and therefore requires at least a 16-bit fixed width character encoding or multi-byte variable-length encodings.
		CJK character encodings should consist minimally of Han characters plus language-specific phonetic scripts such as pinyin, bopomofo, hiragana, katakana, and hangeul.
		There is much controversy among experts of Chinese characters about the desirability and technical merit of the "Han unification" process used to map multiple Chinese and Japanese characters sets into a single set of unified glyphs.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=CJK (853 words)

	Where is my Character?
		While the characters in Unicode are grouped into blocks, this is only a rough grouping because characters can be categorized many different ways.
		For Han characters (Chinese, Japanese, and Korean) you can find the character you are looking for by using the printed Han Radical-Stroke Index in the book or by using the the online web Unihan Database.
		If you know what legacy character encoding your character is in, you might be able to find it in the draft ICU character mapping tables.
	www.unicode.org /standard/where (1205 words)

	Chinese character - Chinese Character - Chinese
		Chinese characters or Han characters (汉字/漢字) are used in the written forms of the Chinese language, and to varying degrees in the Japanese languageJapanese and Korean languageKorean languages (though the latter only in South Korea).
		Most Chinese characters, however, are radical-radical compounds, in which each element (radical) of the character hints at the meaning, and radical-phonetic compounds, in which one component (the radical) indicates the kind of concept the character describes, and the other hints at the pronunciation.
		The large number of Chinese characters is due to their logographic nature andmdash; for every morpheme there must be a symbol, and sometimes there are variant characters have developed for the same morpheme.
	www.famouschinese.com /virtual/Chinese_Character (3193 words)

	Jedi Council Forums - An overdose of Han Solo
		Han represented the audience in Star Wars--criticising the Force, gawking at the ridiculousness of the characters of the plot and keeping things down to earth with his "everyman" dialog and attitude; he also represented the most entertaining character in the film, being a cocky braggart who was both an action hero and a coward.
		Yet there are so many other characters to juggle that Panaka is never allowed to become interesting, and since the actor declined the offer to reprise his role in the sequels, he was written off and written out, and his authoritative skepticism (in counterpoint to Han's defiant skepticism) could never be explored.
		Her regal lifestyle clashes with the cynical cowboy Han and this creates the spunk and back-and-forth tension that volleys between them in all their scenes that is just great--Luke of course is stuck in the middle, trying to set things right but in the end he just gets yelled at to.
	boards.theforce.net /prequel_trilogy/b10669/25644362/p1 (3733 words)

	Japanese kanji
		Han refers to the Han Dynasty (206BC - 220AD) and is the name used by the Chinese for themselves.
		The characters in the word baka, which mean "horse deer", are used for their phonetic values alone.
		In Mandarin Chinese, this character is pronounced 'xíng' or 'háng'.
	www.omniglot.com /writing/japanese_kanji.htm (491 words)

	Requests for new languages/Wikipedia Hanja - Meta
		As far as I understand, it is not about using Chinese characters exclusively (we've already got zh-classical, zh, zh-yue, wuu for that), but a mixed script: The language is more or less normal Korean, but most or all Chinese-derived sememes are actually written using Chinese characters.
		Oppose Several hanja characters are corresponding with one Hangul characters.
		Anyway, there are Han ideographs still used in modern Korean today and widely used, and they are far from disappearing just because of their prevalence (expecially in wellknown proper names).
	meta.wikimedia.org /wiki/Requests_for_new_languages/Wikipedia_Hanja (1763 words)

	Kanji at AllExperts
		There is some disagreement about how Chinese characters came to Japan, but it is generally accepted that Buddhist monks from the kingdom of Baekje in Korea brought Chinese texts to the country during the 5th century.
		The ideographic iteration mark (ã) is used to indicate that the preceding kanji is to be repeated, functioning similarly to a ditto mark in English.
		Characters are then grouped by their primary radical, then ordered by number of pen strokes within radicals.
	en.allexperts.com /e/k/ka/kanji.htm (3797 words)

	VVH - Forum :: Nôm :: Non-chinese-rooted word frequency survey
		I know that vietnamese in unintelligible without Han loanwords, but I was hoping for a list of (possibly 500 or so)Vietnamese words ordered by frequency (of usage) so that I could figure out which words were the most common used so that I may have some sort of idea which words were important for study.
		Korea: Korea is moving to re-introduce Han characters (after stopping teaching since the 1970's for 20 years) in the school system (as an elective or starting at grade 4 I am not sure).
		A single Han character may have a dozen Nôm pronunciations along its proper Han/Viet pronunciation, so you cannot rely on character representations of Vietnamese words to distinguish whether it was "Viet rooted" or Chinese rooted.
	www.viethoc.org /phorum/read.php?11,12171,12174,nom=1 (2785 words)

	++Dancing on Paper: Characters of China++
		Nugionian lived their life in the vast plains in northeast China, and some other people like the Hans, the Mongolians were merged into it gradually and this became a new combination----the Manchus.
		The Manchu language is a branch of Altaic phylum, and it was formulated according to the Mongol characters in 16th century.
		Characters are the crystallization of human wisdom, it will lose its life if it breaks away from us human.
	library.thinkquest.org /C0126668/mino_5Oth.htm (380 words)

	Konrad's Han Characters in Taiwan Page (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Chinese Characters in Taiwan are usually read in Mandarin, but can be romanized in different ways depending on the context in which they are used.
		After the Republic of China's Chinese Nationalist Party (KMT) took control of Taiwan in 1945, Mandarin Chinese (written with Han Characters) became the National Language and the romanization of Han Characters were to be usually via Mandarin readings in Wade-Giles.
		Hsimen-ting (Ximending) is a Mandarin rendition of the Japanese Kanji characters 西門町.
	www.wam.umd.edu /~konrad/taiwan/hanchar0.html (610 words)

	Chronology
		This leads to a first discussion of Han Unification, the pros and cons of which are written up by Eric Mader.
		One of the first tasks is to consider Davis's new character encoding proposals for future Apple systems, one of which includes fixed-width 16 bit characters, under the name "High Text" (ASCII being "Low Text").
		Decision to incorporate all composite characters in existing ISO registered standards and to guarantee round trip conversion to existing standards.
	www.unicode.org /history (1736 words)

	De-Sinification
		As for China, although writing reform has been in process since the late period of the nineteenth century, Han characters are still widely used and taught in the national education system.
		According to the Han characters and the imperial examination system, the books of Confucius and Mencius were accorded the status of classics among scholars and mandarins who assisted the emperor or king in governing his people.
		Everyone who desired to become a scholar or mandarin had to learn to use Han characters and read these classics and pass the imperial examination, unless he had a close relationship with the emperor.
	www.de-han.org /desino/index.htm (0 words)

	Kanji - China-related Topics KA-KD - China-Related Topics
		The number of characters in circulation was reduced, and formal lists of characters to be learned during each grade of school were established.
		Characters that Japanese children are required to learn in elementary school (881 prior to 1981).
		Both are a problem for information interchange, as the code-point used to represent an external character will not be consistent from one computer to another (in the former case) or from one operating system to another (in the latter).
	www.famouschinese.com /virtual/Kanji (3185 words)

	Vietnamese Languages
		The Han language was pronounced in the Vietnamese way, called the Han-Viet way of pronunciation, and Vietnamized in various ways to create many commonly used Vietnamese words.
		Under the French domination, Han characters were gradually eliminated and replaced by French that was used in administrative, educational and diplomatic languages.
		The National language characters were produced by some Western evangelists including Alexandre de Rhodes; they cooperated with some Vietnamese to transcribe the Vietnamese language on the basis of the Latin alphabet for using in evangelism in the 17th century.
	www.hotelvietnamonline.com /culture/languages.htm (413 words)

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