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Articles - Bird flight (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-11) |
 | | There are three major forces that impede a bird´s aerial flight: frictional drag (caused by the friction of air and body surfaces), form drag (due to frontal area of the bird, also known as pressure drag) and lift-induced drag (caused by the wingtip vortices). |
 | | The bird skeleton is hollow to reduce weight, and many unnecessary bones have been lost (such as the bony tail of the early bird Archaeopteryx), along with the toothed jaw of early birds, which has been replaced with a lightweight beak. |
 | | Handbook of Birds of the World Vol 1. |
| www.bird-center.net /articles/Bird_flight (1590 words) |