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Topic: Haptophyte

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	Haptophyte - CreationWiki, the encyclopedia of creation science
		Haptophytes are colonial Protists, colonial flagellates, cellular flagellates, non-motile single cells, and unicellular flagellates.
		All Haptophytes have two flagella, their outsides are usually covered in scales, perform open mitosis, and are unicellular.
		Haptophytes are born from cell fission, grow, and reproduce through cell fission again; they do not live long.
	creationwiki.org /Haptophyte (298 words)

	Haptophyte
		The haptophytes, classed either as the Prymnesiophyta or Haptophyta, are a group of algae.
		The chloroplasts are pigmented similarly to those of the stramenopiles, such as golden algae, but the structure of the rest of the cell is different, so it may be that they are a separate line whose chloroplasts are derived from similar endosymbionts.
		The most important group of haptophytes are the coccolithophores.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ha/Haptophyte.html (102 words)

	Biology and systematics of heterokont and haptophyte algae -- Andersen 91 (10): 1508 -- American Journal of Botany
		Biology and systematics of heterokont and haptophyte algae -- Andersen 91 (10): 1508 -- American Journal of Botany
		Biology and systematics of heterokont and haptophyte algae
		of the haptophytes are currently unknown, but recent evidence
	www.amjbot.org /cgi/content/abstract/91/10/1508 (308 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Haptophyte
		The haptophytes, classed either as the Prymnesiophyta or Haptophyta, are a group of algae.
		The chloroplasts are pigmented similarly to those of the heterokonts, such as golden algae, but the structure of the rest of the cell is different, so it may be that they are a separate line whose chloroplasts are derived from similar endosymbionts.
		The best-known haptophytes are coccolithophores, which have an exoskeleton of calcareous plates called coccoliths.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Haptophyte (249 words)

	Haptophyte (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The chloroplasts are pigmented similarly to those of the heterokonts, such as golden algae, but the structure of the rest of the cell is different, so it may be that they are a separate line whose chloroplasts are derived from similar endosymbionts.
		The most important group of haptophytes are the coccolithophores, which are ornamented with calcite scales called coccoliths that may form microfossils.
		Two genera of haptophytes, Chrysochromulina and Prymnesium, periodically form toxic marine algal blooms.
	www.ufaqs.com /wiki/en/ha/Haptophyte.htm (157 words)

	Haptophyte at AllExperts
		The best-known haptophytes are coccolithophores, which have an exoskeleton of calcareous plates called coccoliths.
		Coccolithopohres are some of the most abundant marine phytoplankton, especially in the open ocean and are extremely abundant as microfossils.
		Other planktonic haptophytes of note include Chrysochromulina and Prymnesium, periodically form toxic marine algal blooms, and Phaeocystis blooms of which can produce unpleasant foam which often accumulates on beaches.
	en.allexperts.com /e/h/ha/haptophyte.htm (260 words)

	Phylogeny of the psbC Gene, Coding a Photosystem II Component CP43, Suggests Separate Origins for the Peridinin- and ...
		(2002) concluded that the plastids of peridinin- and fucoxanthin derivative-containing dinoflagellates originated from a single common ancestor of a haptophyte alga through a tertiary endosymbiosis before the split of these two types, and the fucoxanthin derivative-type was recognized as the primitive form of the dinoflagellate plastids.
		The phylogenetic position of another haptophyte species, Pavlova sp., was unclear within the chlorophyll-a/c-clade, and did not show a close relationship with the fucoxanthin derivative-containing dinoflagellates.
		This suggests that the origin of the fucoxanthin derivative-type plastids was a haptophyte cell related to the class Prymnesiophyceae Hibberd emend.
	www.redorbit.com /news/display?id=134500&source=r_science (4108 words)

	VLIZ - Integrated Marine Informations System - IMIS
		Repression of copepod feeding and fecundity by the toxic haptophyte Prymnesium patelliferum
		Njestgaard, J.C.; Solberg, P.T. Repression of copepod feeding and fecundity by the toxic haptophyte Prymnesium patelliferum.
		However, the haptophyte had strong negative effects on copepod egestion and reproduction rates, both when the haptophyte was offered as the only food, and when offered in mixtures with Rhodomonas baltica Karsten sensu Zimmermann, an alga known to be ingested and support reproduction in Acartia.
	www.vliz.be /vmdcdata/Imis2/ref.php?refid=31825 (203 words)

	Second- and third-hand chloroplasts in dinoflagellates: Phylogeny of oxygen-evolving enhancer 1 (PsbO) protein reveals ...
		by a psbO gene from the haptophyte nucleus.
		(III) Acquisition of a new plastid by a tertiary symbiogenesis in which a haptophyte alga was engulfed by a dinoflagellate that may or may not have already lost its original peridinin-type plastid.
		gene for the peridinin-type plastid was superseded by the haptophyte
	www.pnas.org /cgi/content/full/99/14/9294 (3287 words)

	Yoon, Hwan Su, Jeremiah Daniel Hackett, and Debashish Bhattacharya. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)*
		To determine the origin of the peridinin- and fucoxanthin-containing dinoflagellate plastid, we sequenced the plastid-encoded psaA, psbA, and rbcL genes from various red and dinoflagellate algae.
		The psbA gene phylogeny, which was made from a data set of 15 dinoflagellates, 22 rhodophytes, 5 cryptophytes, 7 haptophytes, 7 stramenopiles, 2 chlorophytes, and a glaucophyte as the outgroup, supports monophyly of the peridinin-, and fucoxanthin-containing dinoflagellates, as a sister group to the haptophytes.
		The monophyletic relationship with the haptophytes is recovered in the psbA + psaA phylogeny, with stronger support.
	www.botany2002.org /section8/abstracts/30.shtml (189 words)

	An exceptional horizontal gene transfer in plastids: gene replacement by a distant bacterial paralog and evidence ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The haptophytes and heterokonts have been recognized as sister groups based on ultrastructural and pigment similarities 3637, and named 'chromobiotes'.
		One possibility, which is based on the serial symbiosis models developed by Bachvaroff et al 3839, is that the cryptophyte and haptophyte plastids, but not their nuclear lineages, will turn out to be sister groups.
		However, a study using six nuclear cytosolic protein genes did group haptophytes and cryptophytes with weak support 41, suggesting that their nuclear genes may also be monophyletic.
	www.biomedcentral.com /content/xml/1741-7007-4-31.xml (7100 words)

	Systematics Association - About Page
		Since then the Association has pioneered discussion on many new developments in systematics and more than 50 Special Volumes have been published.
		These have included systematic surveys of groups as diverse as haptophyte algae, tetrapods, lichens, free-living flagellates and haematophagous insects.
		Other volumes have explored fields such as phylogenetic reconstruction, systematics and conservation, genome evolution and the emergence of the biosphere.
	www.systass.org /about (293 words)

	Alkenone producers inferred from well-preserved 18S rDNA in Greenland lake sediments
		The 18S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequences of haptophyte algae were successfully amplified using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from water filtrate, surface sediments, and a late-Holocene sediment sample (∼1000 years old) from a group of lakes in the Søndre Strømfjord region of west Greenland.
		Phylogenetic analyses of the Greenland haptophyte rDNA sequences suggest that alkenones in the Greenland lake sediments are produced by haptophyte algae of the class Prymnesiophyceae.
		The similarity of haptophyte rDNA sequences among all samples in this study suggests a single alkenone-based temperature calibration may be applied to these lakes for at least the past 1000 years.
	www.agu.org /pubs/crossref/2006/2005JG000121.shtml (393 words)

	Firm aims to make 'biocrude' from algae - Green Machines - MSNBC.com
		Much of the petroleum we use today began some 200 million years ago in the Carboniferous Period.
		The deposits of oil pumped from the North Sea, for example, consist partly of decomposed haptophyte algae called coccolithophorids."
		Arizona power plant tests algae for fuel source
	www.msnbc.msn.com /id/15250836 (751 words)

	Chalk
		Haptophyte skeletal elements can only be seen with a scanning electron microscope.
		North America also has vast areas of chalk deposits from the Cretaceous, mostly in the southern states and up through the Mississippi river valley, which was under water at the time.
		The Haptophyte organisms that produce the coccolith skeletons that become chalk are pelagic organisms living in the surface waters of the world's oceans.
	csmres.jmu.edu /geollab/Fichter/SedRx/Rocks/chalk1.html (354 words)

	WHOI : People : Jeremiah Hackett : Publications (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Because the presence of chlorophylls c(1) + c(2) and fucoxanthin is typical of haptophyte algae, the second plastid type is believed to have originated from a haptophyte tertiary endosymbiosis in an ancestral peridinin-containing dinoflagellate.
		The monophyly with haptophytes is robustly recovered in the psbA phylogeny in which we increased the sampling of dinoflagellates to 14 species.
		Based on these analyses, we postulate that the plastid of peridinin- and fucoxanthin-containing dinoflagellates originated from a haptophyte tertiary endosymbiosis that occurred before the split of these lineages.
	www.whoi.edu /hpb/viewPage.do?id=3433&cl=12 (426 words)

	CONCLUSIONS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The contribution of terrigenous lipids is suggested to decrease with increasing distance from the river mouth.
		Major contributors of marine lipids were haptophyte algae and pelagic archaea.
		The investigated samples contain the highest lipid contributions of pelagic archaea, haptophyte algae, dinoflagellates, diatoms, and zooplankton.
	owen.nhm.ac.uk /odp/publications/175_SR/chap_10/c10_5.htm (385 words)

	Chlorophyll c-Containing Plastid Relationships Based on Analyses of a Multigene Data Set with All Four Chromalveolate ...
		of the dinoflagellates and the haptophytes, and in its lack
		the haptophyte and dinoflagellate plastids are sister taxa,
		Phylogenetic analyses of the rbcL sequences from haptophytes and heterokont algae suggest their chloroplasts are unrelated.
	mbe.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/22/9/1772 (4557 words)

	Symbiotic Origin Of Algal Plastids
		Our previous results suggest that multiple secondary endosymbioses explain the origin of the red algal–derived plastids of cryptophyte, haptophyte, and stramenopiles (=heterokonts) algae and that there is substantial paraphyly of the Bangiophycidae orders.
		and fucoxanthin is typical of haptophyte algae, the second plastid type is believed to have originated from a haptophyte tertiary endosymbiosis in an ancestral peridinin-containing dinoflagellate.
		The monophyly with haptophytes is robustly recovered in the psbA phylogeny (Fig.
	www.biology.uiowa.edu /debweb/html/plastids_Y1.php (2164 words)

	MVSP-Delwiche Lab
		The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of the haptophyte Emiliania huxleyi and its relation to heterokonts.
		These algae include dinoflagellates, heterokonts, cryptophytes and haptophytes, and they contain secondary plastids derived from the red algae.
		The plastids from the chl c containing algae are very closely related, but the relationships among the host cells are still unclear.
	www.life.umd.edu /cbmg/faculty/delwiche/lab/maria.htm (241 words)

	newsletter 31 #1h on phycology on algae, seaweeds, phytoplankton (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Phycologists of all persuasions are now actively engaged in research on the group and this book, the first monograph on these fascinating organisms, presents and authoritative review of the current state of present efforts.
		There are 22 chapters in all, each written by specialists in their subject, covering all major aspects of haptophyte studies.
		These include, for example, their systematics, fine structure, physiology, the biochemistry of calcification (coccolith formation), their ecology, fossil record, molecular genetics, phylogeny and evolution, and more.
	www.psaalgae.org /res/newslet/oldnews/vol31n1h.shtm (169 words)

	Phylogenetic Analyses Indicate that the 19'Hexanoyloxy-fucoxanthin-Containing Dinoflagellates Have Tertiary Plastids of ...
		The basal branching pattern of the haptophytes was not strongly
		Phylogenetic analyses of the rbcL sequences from haptophyte and heterokont algae suggest that their chloroplasts are unrelated.
		Phylogenetic relationship of the "golden algae" (haptophytes, heterokont chromophytes) and their plastids.
	mbe.oxfordjournals.org /cgi/content/full/17/5/718 (4492 words)

	NFI - rapport for prosjekter (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Two small dinoflagellate groups, however, have replaced this peridinin-containing organelle with chloroplasts acquired from haptophytes and prasinophytes - these may represent the only cases of chloroplast replacements in any algal phyla.
		In this project we aim at investigating the mechanisms involved in chloroplast replacement by using the dinoflagellate species Gymnodinium chlorophorum (with prasinophyte chloroplast) and Karlodinium micrum (with haptophyte) as a model system.
		In this project the researchers aim at investigating the mechanisms involved in chloroplast replacement by using the dinoflagellate species Gymnodinium chlorophorum (with prasinophyte chloroplast) and Karlodinium micrum (with haptophyte) as a model system.
	dbh.nsd.uib.no /nfi/rapport/?keys=28369&language=no (357 words)

	ESA SITE BY JEAN-YVES PARENT
		Elucidation of the different life forms of the haptophyte Phaeocystis and of factors controlling transition between them will apply and combine a set of various microscopical techniques and molecular tools.
		This research is conducted in the scope of the Belgian
		Rousseau, V. The life cycle of HAB forming haptophyte.
	www.ulb.ac.be /assoc/esa/research/AME/lifecycl.htm (144 words)

	HAB 2000 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Analyses of ssu rRNA from the plastid and the nuclear genome of these dinoflagellate species indicate that they have acquired their plastids via endosymbiosis of a haptophyte.
		Pavlova gyrans is the most basal branching haptophyte, and is the outgroup to a clade comprised of the dinoflagellate sequences and those of other haptophytes.
		The haptophytes themselves are thought to have plastids of a secondary origin, hence these dinoflagellates appear to have tertiary plastids.
	www.utas.edu.au /docs/plant_science/HAB2000/poster_abstracts/docs/Tengs_Torstein.html (239 words)

	[No title]
		Sequences of the conserved nuclear psbO gene were obtained from the haptophyte Isochrysis galbana, the peridinin-containing dinoflagellate Heterocapsa triquetra, and the 19'hexanoyloxy-fucoxanthin-containing dinoflagellate Karenia brevis.
		Phylogenetic analysis of the oxygen-evolving-enhancer (PsbO) proteins confirmed that in K. brevis the original peridinin-type plastid was replaced by that of a haptophyte, an alga which had previously acquired a red algal chloroplast by secondary endosymbiosis.
		It showed clearly that during this tertiary symbiogenesis the original psbO gene in the dinoflagellate nucleus was replaced by a psbO gene from the haptophyte nucleus.
	www-u.life.uiuc.edu /labs/crofts/arc-lit/200208/06025750 (17952 words)

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