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	Harare Declaration
		Declaration of the OAU Ad-hoc Committee on Southern Africa on the Question of South Africa
		The Declaration was endorsed by the Movement of Non-aligned States at its summit meeting in Belgrade, and formed the basis for the "Declaration on Apartheid and its Destructive Consequences in Southern Africa" adopted by the United Nations General Assembly on 14 December 1989.]
		The positions contained in this Declaration are consistent with and are a continuation of those elaborated in the Lusaka Manifesto, two decades ago.
	www.anc.org.za /ancdocs/history/oau/harare.html (2042 words)

	Harare Commonwealth Declaration, 1971
		The Harare Declaration is the Commonwealth’s second basic statement of beliefs.
		The Harare Declaration reinforces the earlier declaration of principles, updates them where necessary, and establishes a core set of values to take the Commonwealth into the 21st century and beyond.
		These were set out in a Declaration of Commonwealth Principles agreed by our predecessors at their Meeting in Singapore in 1971.
	www.tamilnation.org /humanrights/instruments/harare.htm (1252 words)

	cda99206
		The Harare Declaration was hardly a decade old but in the time it has been in force, it has transformed the Commonwealth morally and politically he said.
		The Harare Declaration had "spelt out what were to be the priority areas of Commonwealth endeavour in the 1990s and beyond but had provided no mechanism for the achievement of those ends.
		He also noted that the Harare Declaration had identified equality for women as one of the priority areas on which heads of Government agreed "to work with renewed vigour"...
	home.btconnect.com /cda-uk/news992/cda99206.htm (1864 words)

	Harare - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Harare, formerly Salisbury, city, capital of Zimbabwe, in Mashonaland East Province, in the north central part of the country.
		In 1971 the Commonwealth set forth the Singapore Declaration of shared principles that included commitments to peace, individual liberty, freedom...
		Exclusively for MSN Encarta Premium Subscribers--quickly search thousands of articles from magazines such as Time, Newsweek, The Atlantic Monthly, and Smithsonian.
	ca.encarta.msn.com /Harare.html (69 words)

	CHOGM - Background Paper (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-02)
		The Harare Declaration pledged the Commonwealth and its member countries to work with renewed vigour on, among other things, the promotion of democracy and democratic processes and institutions that reflect national circumstances, the rule of law and the independence of the judiciary, just and honest government, and fundamental human rights.
		When the Harare Declaration was signed in 1991, nine Commonwealth members were under military or one-party rule.
		A Commonwealth Ministerial Action Group on the Harare Declaration (CMAG) was created as a mechanism to deal with serious or persistent violations of the Harare principles and to recommend measures for collective Commonwealth action aimed at the speedy restoration of democracy and constitutional rule should such violations occur.
	www.chogm99.org /bgpapers/bg1.htm (1293 words)

	Address to CMAG by PM Mahendra Chaudhry
		It is a formula that is in keeping with the spirit and intentions of the Harare Declaration and the Commonwealth's Millbrook Action Programme set in place to uphold its principles.
		The central tenet of the Declaration is a commitment to democracy and constitutional government.
		Indeed, the principles of the Harare Declaration laid the foundations for the 1997 Constitution.
	www.fijihosting.com /pcgov/docs_c/cmag_pm_address.htm (3462 words)

	Comparative Constitutionalism and Good Governance in the Commonwealth: An Eastern and Southern African Perspective.
		A central argument advanced is the notion that the1991 Harare Commonwealth Declaration, which committed the Commonwealth Heads of Government to democracy, rule of law and respect for human rights – in short, good governance – is a turning point that has structured the post-independence constitutions of the ESA states (p.10).
		The Harare Commonwealth Declaration has become, as the authors contend, the most important indication of attempts to ensure enduring constitutionalism in the ESA states.
		This parliamentary oversight is extended to declarations of emergency situations (Chapter 12), as the authors assert that the abuse of such declarations in the pre-1991 ESA states effectively deterred efficient and sustainable political institutions from developing (pp.277-279).
	www.bsos.umd.edu /gvpt/lpbr/subpages/reviews/hatchard-ndulo-slinn1204.htm (1877 words)

	Declaration on Apartheid and its Destructive Consequences in Southern Africa
		In this year the Organisation of African Unity, which had accepted that one of its responsibilities, was decolonisation, the end of Apartheid, and all forms of racism, established the ‘Ad hoc standing committee of Heads of States and Government on the question of Southern Africa' as a front against Apartheid.
		The efforts of the Ad Hoc Standing Committee bore fruits when the Harare Declaration was adopted by the Non Aligned Movement of states and later forming the basis for the UNGA "Declaration on Apartheid and its Destructive Consequences in Southern Africa", which laid out a programme of action that South Africa should follow.
		The declaration sent a strong signal to the NP that it would not accept reforms and amendments of the Apartheid regime, but transformation only.
	home.intekom.com /southafricanhistoryonline/pages/sources/docs/declaration-onapartheid.htm (551 words)

	[No title]
		A programme of land reform is, therefore, crucial to the resolution of the problem.” The Abuja Agreement indicated land as being at the core of the Zimbabwe crisis.
		Harare Commonwealth Declaration and the Millbrook Commonwealth Action Programme on the Harare Declaration The Harare Commonwealth Declaration of 1991 demands a commitment to fundamental Commonwealth principles.
		Glen View (Harare) 4 June 2003 PG was asleep at home when soldiers arrived at her home, knocked on the door, broke it down and assaulted everyone therein.
	www.zwnews.com /Abuja6.doc (12755 words)

	The Harare Declaration: a way forward for UPA in Eastern and Southern Africa: Centro Internacional de Investigaciones ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-02)
		The culmination of the conference was the signing of the Harare Declaration.
		The declaration is a signatory of Ministers responsible for Local Governments of the five countries represented at the conference, who acknowledged the increasing importance of UPA in their cities and towns.
		In the declaration, the ministers committed themselves to developing policies and appropriate instruments that will create an enabling environment for integrating UPA into their urban economies.
	www.idrc.ca /lacro/ev-50184-201-1-DO_TOPIC.html (372 words)

	Mail & Guardian Online:
		The Declaration of Commonwealth Principles was adopted by the organisation at a summit in Singapore in 1971, at a time when Britain’s shedding of its colonies and protectorates was nearing completion.
		The Harare Declaration commits the organisation’s members to strive for the “protection and promotion of the fundamental political values of the Commonwealth”.
		Strange then that the leaders of Southern Africa who belong to the Commonwealth and whose countries sculpted the Harare Declaration should find the organisation’s insistence that Zimbabwe be pressured to abide by these principles as “punishment” and the stance taken by some Western nations on Zimbabwe as “racist”.
	www.mg.co.za /articledirect.aspx?area=/insight/insight__editorials&articleid=38863 (909 words)

	The Millbrook Commonwealth Action Programme on the Harare Declaration, 1995 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-02)
		At Harare in 1991, we pledged to work for the protection and promotion of the fundamental political values of the association, namely democracy, democratic processes and institutions which reflect national circumstances, fundamental human rights, the rule of law and the independence of the judiciary, and just and honest government.
		Where a member country is perceived to be clearly in violation of the Harare Commonwealth Declaration, and particularly in the event of an unconstitutional overthrow of a democratically elected government, appropriate steps should be taken to express the collective concern of Commonwealth countries and to encourage the restoration of democracy within a reasonable time frame.
		We have decided to establish a Commonwealth Ministerial Action Group on the Harare Declaration in order to deal with serious or persistent violations of the principles contained in that Declaration.
	www.chogm99.org /what/declare3.htm (1024 words)

	LEADERS ADOPT SOLAR ENERGY DECLARATION AND LAUNCH WORLD SOLAR CAMPAIGN
		Harare, 17 September {No. 96-162}- The World Solar Summit ended here today with the adoption of a declaration and a UNESCO-initiated campaign to boost research, education, public awareness and development in all fields of renewable energy.
		The Harare Declaration calls on "all nations to join in the development and implementation of the World Solar Programme 1996-2005." It recognises cheap, clean renewable energy as essential in improving the quality of life and in creating income-generating activities.
		Paul Nielson, the Danish minister for development co-operation, said "the Harare Declaration will serve as an inspiration...to initiate a fully fledged programme and campaign of broad partnership and coalition of governments and institutions." He pledged "the full support and participation of the government of Denmark."
	www.unesco.org /op/eng/unescopress/96-162e.htm (782 words)

	Lawyers' Right Watch Canada
		The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) is premised, as is the Canadian Charter, on the necessity of human rights being protected by the rule of law.
		THE HARARE DECLARATION Commonwealth Heads of Government second general statement of beliefs issued at the meeting in Harare, Zimbabwe in 1991.
		A. Absolute Privilege [1] The Harare Declaration is the Commonwealth抯 second general statement of beliefs and was issued by Commonwealth Heads of Government at their meeting in Zimbabwe in 1991.
	www.lrwc.org /standard.php?action=open&id=2 (958 words)

	ANC Today - Volume 2, No 38, 20 September 2002
		The Harare Declaration originated from the realisation by our liberation movement and the member states of the OAU that the advances we had made as a result of our collective protracted struggle against the apartheid system had made it inevitable that the apartheid regime would seek a negotiated settlement.
		In this context, the Harare Declaration said: "The people of Africa, singly, collectively and acting through the OAU, are engaged in serious efforts to establish peace throughout the continent by ending all conflicts through negotiations based on the principle of justice and peace for all.
		Agreement having been reached at this level, the Declaration was taken to the wider world, in particular the United Nations General Assembly, given that this wider world was itself an active and critical part of the global struggle against apartheid.
	www.anc.org.za /ancdocs/anctoday/2002/at38.htm (4105 words)

	Complying with the Abuja Agreement In terms of the Abuja Agreement
		The Harare Declaration was issued in 1991 by the Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting in Harare.
		This Declaration, and the subsequent amplification in the Millbrook Commonwealth Action Programme in New Zealand, states the Commonwealth’s standards on human rights and good governance.
		The Harare Declaration was based upon the Declaration of Commonwealth Principles formulated in Singapore in 1971.
	www.hrforumzim.com /reports/abuja2/abuja203.htm (4361 words)

	Kubatana - Archive - Zimbabwe, the Abuja Agreement and Commonwealth Principles: Compliance or Disregard? - Zim Human ...
		The majority of evidence seems to indicate that the Zimbabwe Government has failed to abide by Commonwealth Principles enshrined in the Harare Declaration, the Millbrook Commonwealth Action Programme on the Harare Declaration, the Abuja Agreement itself and subsequent communiqués in the form of the Marlborough House Statement on Zimbabwe and the Zimbabwe Mid-Term Review Statement.
		The report examines obligations imposed upon the Government of Zimbabwe arising from the Abuja Agreement in the context of the Harare Commonwealth Declaration and the Millbrook Commonwealth Action Programme on the Harare Declaration.
		The report further attempts to present the facts for consideration in determining whether the Abuja Agreement was ever implemented with any degree of determination or whether it was a mere agreement on paper and for the most part was regarded with apathy by Government.
	www.kubatana.net /html/archive/hr/030908hrf.asp (2101 words)

	The Round Table: The Commonwealth Journal of International Affairs - Conferences 1998
		In describing the context and content of the declaration, he drew on his experience as chair of the CHOGM Committee of the Whole which had helped draft the declaration.
		This led the developing states to produce their own draft declaration, which highlighted the need for imaginative thinking to enable the developing and disadvantaged states to respond positively to new circumstances.
		The developing states were aware of the problem of the credibility of the Commonwealth in the light of the standards set by the Harare Declaration.
	www.moot.org.uk /Conf_1998.asp (8561 words)

	Commonwealth Policy Studies Unit - Indigenous Rights - CHOGM 2001
		This is important because in the Harare Commonwealth Declaration (1991), Governments committed themselves to take action to promote the human rights of their citizens and this includes the human rights of Indigenous peoples.
		Supporting a reference in the revised Harare Declaration calling on Commonwealth Governments to conclude their negotiations on the draft UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples as soon as possible and adopt a Declaration that takes full account of the needs and interests of Indigenous peoples.
		In the Harare Commonwealth Declaration, 1991, the Commonwealth Heads reaffirmed their commitment to the fundamental principles set out in the Declaration of Commonwealth Principles agreed at the CHOGM in Singapore in 1971.
	www.cpsu.org.uk /projects/CHOGM_20.HTM (5885 words)

	FLP replies to criticism on Forum paper (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-02)
		What we are seeking is for the Forum to uphold the principles of the Biketawa Declaration of October 2000 wherein it made a commitment to the principles of good governance, equality and democracy embracing the notions of open, transparent, accountable, participatory, consultative, fair and equitable government.
		We have made similar calls on the Commonwealth and the European Union to uphold the principles of democracy and good governance enshrined in the Harare Declaration and the Cotonou Agreement, respectively.
		Such conventions and declarations become just sanctimonious platitudes unless leaders are prepared to show their commitment to such instruments by enforcing them.
	www.flp.org.fj /n030815a.htm (510 words)

	News, press releases & feature stories (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-02)
		The Crisis Committee notes that the Commonwealth Harare Declaration specifically invites civil society organizations within the Commonwealth to be involved in the process of implementing the broad objectives agreed to therein by the State Parties.
		The Crisis Committee fully endorses the principles set out in clauses 4 and 9 of the Harare Declaration and therefore calls on CMAG to treat Zimbabwe as a "case of special urgency".
		The Crisis Committee recommends that in terms of the Millbrook Commonwealth Action Programme on the Harare Declaration, the Government of Zimbabwe be required to undertake specific actions in order to comply with the Declaration.
	www.actsa.org /News/features/300102_zim.htm (1131 words)

	Zimbabwe: Appeal to the European Union and the Commonwealth
		In a similar manner, the Commonwealth's Harare Declaration, agreed in Zimbabwe in 1991, demands from its signatories a commitment to work for ''the protection and promotion of the fundamental political values of the Commonwealth'', including the rule of law and all fundamental human rights.
		Furthermore, there are reports that opposition supporters and others have been assaulted in police stations where they have been held after being arrested, and that many victims of human rights violations do not report incidents to the police out of fear of being arrested and assaulted in their custody.
		Despite denials by the Zimbabwean authorities that such a "hit-list" exists, Amnesty International is extremely concerned for the safety of journalists who may be the target of such threats and has called upon the authorities to undertake thorough investigation of the reports and ensure the safety of journalists and their families.
	www.amnestyusa.org /justearth/document.do?id=1822E3593589F47880256AE10058DF76 (5802 words)

	[No title]
		CMAG, the Clubs' watchdog put in place to oversee member compliance to the Harare Declaration, Millbrook Declaration and the Millbrook Action Programme, is entitled to investigate governments that come into power through unconstitutional means, such as military coups.
		Mudenge was responding to proposals made to President Robert Mugabe last December by the UNDP chief that Harare implements a just and transparent land reform programme that could win the support of international aid donors and help break the impasse over the vexed land question.
		He claims the government was forced to abandon the process agreed with donors at the Harare land conference of September 1998 by impatient land-hungry peasants.
	www.zimbabwesituation.com /mar22.html (6409 words)

	harare declaration
		The Heads of Government of the countries of the Commonwealth, meeting in Harare, reaffirm their confidence in the Commonwealth as a voluntary association of sovereign independent states, each responsible for its own policies, consulting and co-operating in the interests of their peoples and in the promotion of international understanding and world peace.
		n Harare, our purpose has been to apply those principles in the contemporary situation as the Commonwealth prepares to face the challenges of the 1990s and beyond.
		We invite the Commonwealth Parliamentary Association and non-governmental Commonwealth organisations to play their full part in promoting these objectives, in a spirit of co-operation and mutual support.
	rhodesian.server101.com /harare_declaration.htm (1136 words)

	Foreign & Commonwealth Office What is the Commonwealth?
		The 1971 Singapore Declaration of Commonwealth Principles describes the Commonwealth as a 'voluntary association of independent sovereign states, consulting and co-operating in the common interests of their peoples and in the promotion of international understanding and world peace.'
		The most important of these are the 1971 Singapore Declaration and the 1991 Harare Commonwealth Declaration.
		The Harare Declaration was a landmark agreement which reiterated Commonwealth beliefs: promotion of democracy and good governance, respect for human rights and the rule of law, and sustainable economic and social development.
	www.fco.gov.uk /servlet/Front?pagename=OpenMarket/Xcelerate/ShowPage&c=Page&cid=1007029393663 (287 words)

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		Amnesty said supporters and officials of the opposition Movement for Democratic Change (MDC), the independent media, church leaders and human rights defenders continue to be subjected to harassment, arbitrary arrests and ill-treatment by the Zimbabwean authorities.
		Noting that Monday 10 March was Commonwealth Day, Amnesty urged the Commonwealth to "clearly signal to the government of Zimbabwe that these acts are in clear violation of the human rights principles enshrined in the 1991 Harare Commonwealth Declaration".
		With parliamentary by-elections scheduled to take place on 29-30 March, "MDC members of parliament, opposition officials and supporters are being subjected to intimidation, arbitrary arrest and torture by government authorities and militia," Amnesty alleged.
	www.irinnews.org /report.asp?ReportID=32758&SelectRegion=Southern_Africa&SelectCountry=ZIMBABWE (561 words)

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