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Topic: Plant hardiness

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	Cultural Control/Plant Hardiness (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The term hardiness usually refers to a plant’s ability to survive the coldest winter temperatures likely to occur in a given area.
		Plants suited to this hardiness zone are able to tolerate winter temperatures down to about -10 or -15 degrees Fahrenheit.
		Plants rated for a higher USDA hardiness zone, that is 7 or above, would likely show some winter damage when planted in Kentucky and might also fail to thrive in our climate.
	www.uky.edu /Ag/Horticulture/landipm/ipm/hardiness.htm (195 words)

	Plant Hardiness Zone Map of Maine
		Plants are categorized as sun, partial shade or shade plants, depending on the amount of light they thrive in.
		The plant hardiness zone map is based on a limited amount of data, and the zones represent five degree increments of low temperatures.
		Plants that are marginally hardy to a location may succumb in an extremely cold winter.
	www.umext.maine.edu /onlinepubs/htmpubs/2242.htm (1369 words)

	Plant Hardiness Zone Maps
		In fact, plant survival in a particular region can be predicted with a great degree of accuracy by knowing something about hardiness zones and corresponding zone ratings given to woody and herbaceous landscape plants.
		Plant hardiness zone maps have been a valuable aid for many years to those interested in predicting the adaptability of plants to specific climatic areas.
		The first plant hardiness zone map for the United States and Canada was developed by the USDA in 1960.
	www.ipm.iastate.edu /ipm/hortnews/1996/2-9-1996/zones.html (620 words)

	Floral Acres - USDA Plant Hardiness Zones
		We have pushed the use of plants into totally artificial environments such as expressways, malls, elevated decks, and buildings where plant roots are totally removed from the ground and its warming influence.
		Plants grow best within an optimum range of temperatures; and the range may be wide for some species, narrow for others.
		Plants differ in ability to survive frost, their responses varying from immediate death to sustained performance.
	www.floralacres.com /hardiness/information.htm (1172 words)

	Plant Hardiness Zones for Australia
		Plant hardiness maps allow producers to label their plants as being suitable for particular areas, and, in theory at least, this results in happy customers who can confidently buy plants that will survive in their locality.
		Plant hardiness refers to their ability to survive the conditions of a particular location, including tolerance of heat, soil moisture, humidity and so on.
		An alternative system for describing plant hardiness is to use indicator plants (the USDA also publishes a list of these to go with their map).
	www.anbg.gov.au /hort.research/zones.html (1422 words)

	Plant Delights Nursery -- Hardiness Zone Information
		An updated USDA hardiness map is being compiled at this time (2005) which will be a dramatic improvement over earlier versions due to the inclusion of a larger temperature data set (30 years) and many more temperature recording stations.
		Many reports of plants that didn't survive the winter temperatures, are actually plants that have become dinner to hungry rodents.
		Be aware particularly of voles, tiny rodents that tunnel around your plants (especially the expensive ones), and snack during the fall, winter, and spring.
	www.plantdel.com /More/zone_info.html (1006 words)

	Hardiness (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Plant hardiness is generally considered to be the lowest temperature that a plant can withstand during the winter.
		The fact that plants commonly grown in the higher US Zones do not flourish in the equivalent European Zones indicates that there is more to plant hardiness than an ability to withstand winter temperatures.
		These plants do not thrive in the northern European climate, so there must be other factors which determine where a plant can grow which have a greater influence than the lowest winter temperature it can withstand.
	theseedsite.co.uk /hardiness.html (795 words)

	Cold Hardiness Help Sheet (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Hardiness refers to the ability of a plant to survive winters in a particular area.
		A Few Caveats: While the USDA cold hardiness of a plant is a good general guideline for proper selection, there are often other factors to consider.
		A complete discussion of this subject is beyond the scope of this database, but other variables such as soil moisture, plant age and microclimates (sites that are against a heat-retaining surface, sheltered from winter winds, in "cold pockets", etc.) can affect the performance of a plant, even if it is rated hardy for your zone.
	www.hort.uconn.edu /plants/help/hardiness/hardiness.htm (279 words)

	USDA Hardiness Zones (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Winter hardiness is the ability of a plant to survive the winter conditions in a given location.
		The USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map, which was revised and updated in 2001, identifies 15 hardiness zones in the United States according to the average minimum temperatures experienced.
		Therefore, the hardiness rating is actually a range from the coldest zone in which the plant will survive to the warmest zone that satisfies its cold requirements.
	www.satorigardens.net /hardiness_zones.php (280 words)

	Celebrating Wildflowers - Native Gardening - USDA Plant Hardiness Zones
		These temperatures are referred to as "average annual minimum temperatures" and are based on the lowest temperatures recorded for each of the years 1974 to 1986 in the United States and Canada and 1971 to 1984 in Mexico.
		To examine the native species and their appropriate hardiness zone, the USDA National Arboretum has provided examples of plants by zones and cold hardiness ratings for woody plants.
		Hardiness ratings alone are inadequate to guide landscapers in selecting the most successful plants.
	www.fs.fed.us /wildflowers/nativegardening/hardinesszones.shtml (584 words)

	A Discussion of Eucalyptus Cold-Hardiness
		Hardiness is not as simple as looking at a plant hardiness zone map and finding the corresponding zone to which the plant is rated.
		When people grow trees from seed of a species that was "supposed to be hardy" and it freezes because the seed was not collected in a cold area, it can give that species (or even the whole genus) a bad reputation for performance in their climate.
		If you do wish to plant a euc on an exposed site with little wind or frost protection, ensure that it is a species that is supposedly hardy at least a full zone colder the zone you live in.
	www.angelfire.com /bc/eucalyptus/euccoldhard.html (3036 words)

	Plant hardiness zones will guide your gardening activities.
		Plants and flowers are highly dependant upon many different environmental conditions including heat, rainfall, frost, sunlight, altitude, and others.
		There are several different plant hardiness zone descriptions (also known as growing zones or climate zones).
		Plant hardiness zone maps are great in general for determining which plants you can grow in the region you live.
	www.gardening-advisor.com /Plant-Hardiness-Zones.html (1221 words)

	USDA Hardiness Zones (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		In some cases the hardiness zones listed by a reference book are conservative and are a full one half zone farther south than the plant is known to survive.
		Hardiness is affected by duration and intensity of sunlight, length of growing season, amount and timing of rainfall, length and severity of summer drought, soil characteristics, proximity to a large body of water, slope, frost occurrence, humidity, and cultural practices.
		Plants can be classified as either hardy or nonhardy, depending upon their ability to withstand cold temperatures.
	www.ces.ncsu.edu /depts/hort/consumer/weather/hardiness_zones.html (332 words)

	Publications - American Horticultural Society - Heat Zone Map
		Plant death from heat is slow and lingering.
		Gardeners categorize plants using such tags as "annual" or "perennial," "temperate" or "tropical," but these tags can obscure rather than illuminate our understanding of exactly how plants sense and use the growth-regulating stimuli sent by their environment.
		Plant tissues must contain enough water to keep their cells turgid and to sustain the plant's processes of chemical and energy transport.
	www.ahs.org /publications/heat_zone_map.htm (1604 words)

	Plant Hardiness, What does it Mean? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		That is why some plants are hardier than others, even why some cultivars are hardier than others of the same plant.
		That's why a species grown in southern climates may not be as hardy as the same species grown in a northern locale such as Vermont.
		Plants near a building may be in a warmer zone due to heat loss from the building or the solar heat absorbed by it.
	www.uvm.edu /pss/ppp/articles/hardy.htm (483 words)

	Plant Hardiness
		Plant hardiness is an often misunderstood topic deserving special discussion.
		Hardiness is a function of location in a different sense as well.
		plant may be listed as hardy in a particular zone, an unusually cold year may come along and kill it.
	www.uvm.edu /pss/ppp/pubs/oh54.htm (963 words)

	Plant Growth Factors: Temperature (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		While this is a factor in plant selection, it is only one of many factors influencing plant hardiness.
		On the new map, some areas of the nation are in a zone higher than previous maps due to a warmer than normal weather period from 1987 to 2001 or due to growth in the urban heat island.
		When talking about the Hardiness Zones Map, it may be important to clarify if the gardener is referring to an old version or the 2003 version.
	www.ext.colostate.edu /pubs/garden/07712.html (1360 words)

	The Gardener's Network - A to Z's of Home Gardening: Plant Hardiness Zones
		Plant hardiness zones define the environment for particular groups of plants.
		Plant Hardiness zones represents the average low temperature range for an area.
		Plant Hardiness Zone Map provided by the USDA shows all of North America and you can select your state for closer detail.
	www.gardenersnet.com /atoz/hardy.htm (266 words)

	Hardiness (plants) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Hardiness of plants is a term used to describe their ability to survive adverse growing conditions.
		Thus a plant's ability to tolerate cold, heat, drought, or wind are typically considered measurements of hardiness.
		Part of the work of nursery growers of plants consists of hardening (or hardening off) their plants, to prepare them for likely conditions in their later life.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Hardiness_(plants) (215 words)

	Hardiness zone - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A hardiness zone is a geographically-defined zone in which a specific category of plant life is capable of growing, as defined by temperature hardiness, or ability to withstand the minimum temperatures of the zone.
		The hardiness zones are effective in that, for many situations, extremes of winter cold are a major determining factor in whether a plant species can be cultivated outdoors at a particular location.
		In North America hardiness zones map was revised and published by the USDA in 1990 and can be used as a guideline for categorizing locations suitable for growing a particular annual plant variety.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/USDA_plant_hardiness_zone (791 words)

	Hardiness Zone Map (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Today, the USDA map, which was last updated and released in 1990 (based on weather records from 1974-1986), is generally considered the standard measure of plant hardiness throughout much of the United States.
		Gardeners in the western United States sometimes are confused when confronted with the 11 Hardiness Zones created by the USDA (United States Department of Agriculture), because they are used to a 24-zone climate system created 40 years ago by Sunset Magazine.
		When you order plants from catalogs or read general garden books, you need to know your USDA zone in order to be able to interpret references correctly.
	www.backyardgardener.com /zone (924 words)

	Plant Hardiness Zones and Average Frost Dates
		An important part of gardening is knowing the hardiness zone of the perennials, annuals, and bulbs you plan on planting.
		In addition to knowing your hardiness zone, knowing the approximate frost dates for your zone may prove beneficial, too.
		Hardiness is defined as the ability of a plant to thrive given specific weather conditions within the "zone".
	www.unec.net /of_interest/Plant-zones_frost-dates.htm (332 words)

	Liddle Wonder's Plant Hardiness Zones
		Thus, a plant that is able to tolerate a light frost is assigned to zone 9, where average minimum temperatures range from -1°C to -5°C. Plants adopt a range of mechanisms to help them handle cold temperatures.
		As with all plant and growing circumstances, we cannot over-emphasize the importance of local conditions.
		Hardiness Zones are based upon the mean annual minimum air temperature for each zone.
	www.liddlewonder.co.nz /zones/index.htm (580 words)

	PlantHardinessMaps
		Compare the two maps, and you’ll see that plant hardiness zones in many states have moved south dramatically (meaning that it’s getting colder).
		In 1960, all of Tennessee - all of it - was in plant hardiness zone 7.
		Three quarters of the state lies in plant hardiness zone 6.
	www.iceagenow.com /PlantHardinessMaps.htm (227 words)

	Hardiness Zones
		Basically, plant hardiness zones are a guide to help you know which plants will grow where you live, so you don't plant things that will soon die just because they can't manage your region's temperatures.
		These records were condensed into a range of temperatures and transformed into various zones of plant hardiness.
		Plant encyclopedias may refer simply, for example, to "Zone 6," which generally means that the plant is hardy to that zone (and will endure winters there), and generally can withstand all the warmer zones below.
	www.allthingsiris.com /hazoin.html (867 words)

	National Gardening Association :: National Gardening Association
		The USDA Hardiness Zone Map divides North America into 11 separate zones; each zone is 10°F warmer (or colder) in an average winter than the adjacent zone.
		If you see a hardiness zone in a catalog or plant description, chances are it refers to the USDA map.
		For example, the weather and plants in low elevation, coastal Seattle are much different than in high elevation, inland Tucson, Arizona, even though they're in the same zone USDA zone 8.
	www.garden.org /zipzone (491 words)

	Plant Hardiness Zones: A General Planting Guideline from Mulhall's
		The USDA Plant Hardiness map indicates Average Annual Minimum Temperatures within 10 degree F zones.
		Plant hardiness zones should be used only as a starting point in determining which plants can be grown on your property.
		Low temperatures are only one of many factors determining plant hardiness.
	www.mulhalls.com /zonehardiness.asp (221 words)

	My Hardiness Zone
		The plant hardiness zones divide the United States and Canada into 11 areas based on a 10 degree Fahrenheit difference in the average annual minimum temperature.
		If a range of zones, for example, zones 4-9, is indicated, the plant is known to be hardy in zones 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9.
		If it looks on the map like your zip code should be in a different hardiness zone than the one we provide for you, your zip code is probably in a microclimate that is too small to represent on the map.
	www.santarosagardens.com /My_Hardiness_Zone_Plants_s/130.htm (601 words)

	The Victory Garden . Know-How: Plant Hardiness Zones, Continental United States \| PBS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Plants are listed under the coldest zones in which they normally succeed.
		Today, the USDA map — updated in 1990 based on weather records from 1974 to 1986 — is the standard measure of plant hardiness throughout most of the U.S. The USDA divides North America into 11 hardiness zones, each of which represents an area of winter plant hardiness.
		Zone 1 is the coldest, found in Canada and the far northern U.S.; zone 11 is the warmest, a tropical area that is essentially frost-free and found only in Hawaii and southernmost Florida.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/victorygarden/knowhow/pp/planthardiness.html (374 words)

	Plant Hardiness and Your Garden - entwoodnursery.com
		Two dictionary definitions of hardiness are: 1) the ability to withstand harsh treatment, strong, robust and 2) the ability to withstand cold or winter in the open air.
		I have seen more than a few plants for sale in central Maine that are hardy only to Zone 6 or 7 and this troubles me. Buying a plant which is not cold hardy enough guarantees gardening failure since it will not survive even a normal winter.
		Either know the hardiness of the plant you wish to grow at your home before you go plant shopping or shop at a reliable seller who can give this information to you.
	entwoodnursery.com /gate/prunings301.htm (591 words)

	USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		The US Department of Agriculture Plant Hardiness Zone Map, revised in 1990, shows the lowest temperatures that can be expected each year in the United States.
		The different zones represent areas of winter hardiness for agricultural and natural landscape plants.
		For each plant we offer, we include a range of hardiness zones, for instance, Zones 3-8.
	www.sunlightgardens.com /hardinesszones.html (166 words)

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