
	Where results make sense

Topic: Hardware random number generator

Related Topics

Blum Blum Shub

Lottery machine

Random variable

Linear congruential generator

Randomized algorithm

Random sequence

Randomness

Pseudorandom number generator

Random number

Monte Carlo method

Halton sequences

Stochastic process

Information entropy

Cryptology

Algorithm

In the News (Mon 23 Nov 09)

Northern Trust

Marvin Harrison

Peter Chernin

Gary Locke

Match Play

Penelope Cruz

Mickey Rourke

AR Rahman

Danny Boyle

Hugh Jackman

	Hardware random number generators
		A hardware random number generator uses a physical phenomenon such as electrical noise from a resistor or semiconductor diode or the decay of a radioactive material for the initial source of randomness.
		All the commercial hardware random number generators that I have examined use resistor or semiconductor noise as the source of randomness.
		For keyword generation in encryption one can estimate how close to uniform random the generator needs to be and the answer is that minor variations from uniform random don’t greatly reduce the security – this is not surprising since one uses only around 100 bits in keyword (or maybe a few 1000 in some applications).
	www.robertnz.net /hwrng.htm (4444 words)

	Hardware random number generator - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Random numbers are also used for non-gambling purposes, both where their use is mathematically important, such as sampling for opinion polls, and in situations where fairness is approximated by randomization, such as selecting jurors and military draft lotteries.
		Avalanche noise generated from an avalanche diode, or Zener breakdown noise from a reverse-biased zener diode.
		The random number generator used for cryptographic purposes in an early version of the Netscape browser was certainly vulnerable (and was promptly changed).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Hardware_random_number_generator (4359 words)

	Random number generator Summary
		A random number generator is a computational or physical device designed to generate a sequence of elements (usually numbers), such that the sequence can be used as a random one.
		Methods for generating random results have existed since ancient times, in the form of dice and coin flipping, the shuffling of playing cards, the use of yarrow stalks in the I Ching, and many other methods.
		Physical random number generators that rely on quantum mechanical processes have the advantage that the sequences they produce are completely unpredictable.
	www.bookrags.com /Random_number_generator (2051 words)

	Protego TRNG Technology
		A hardware random number generator (TRNG) is different from a pseudo-random number generator - a pseudo random number generator approximates the assumed behaviour of a real hardware random number generator.
		The main reason why the use of a pseudo random number generator is not recommended in this situation is that to maintain security we must have a pseudo random number generator whose cryptographic strength is much higher than the cryptographic strength of the cipher system.
		Generating 365 independent daily keys with a hardware random number generator, however, is not that difficult or expensive.
	www.protego.se /trnsup.htm (581 words)

	True hardware random number generators
		An often emerging problem of hardware random number generators, as well of pseudorandom number generators, are statistical conspicuities, which can be characterized partially by the entropy (average randomness of a single random number).
		The number of interior states is n^m (n to the power of m) with n=number of possible random numbers, e.
		Pseudorandom number generators (PRNGs) with an infinite period, for example the internal decimal places of Pi, the entropies are (close to) one while the entropy cover is zero.
	www.true-random.com (2500 words)

	The Random Facts of Coding (or so it seems) : What is a Random Number?
		Some of those seeds generators would use the time of the day as a means of obtaining the values for the constants used in their algorithm.
		In general the importance of generating a good sequence of random numbers is a bit more relaxed when we are working with mathematical or scientific applications given that we only need to fool our simulations or modeling programs into thinking that true random numbers have been used.
		On a multi-user system, the number of page faults, the number of disk read/writes, the time to wait until eligible to get the next time slice, and other such information that depends on the overall activity in a manner that is hard to predict or precisely control.
	blogs.msdn.com /fvicaria/archive/2004/10/06/238862.aspx (1502 words)

	hardware random number generator
		The problem is that the random number generator is only as good as its seed value, from which the random string of at, which coincidentally enough is usually referred to as a random number gene numbers is produced.
		So you see this is why most random number generators are actually pseudo-random number generators and, if you know both the seed and the number generator algorithm, then you can perfectly predict the coming numbers (hence the pseudo, 'cuz it sure ain't random if its predictable).
		This could be achieved, for example, by a computer taking the seed and multiplying it by the number of keystrokes at the computer over the past 5 minutes, squared, or by any other equally nonsensical, and therefore relatively random way to produce a seed number.
	members.shaw.ca /bshpeley/text/randomgenerators.htm (582 words)

	QRBG121 / Random number generator / random bit / Non-deterministic random number / Hardware generator / Quantum ...
		QRBG121 is a fast non-deterministic random bit (number) generator whose randomness relies on intrinsic randomness of the quantum physical process of photonic emission in semiconductors and subsequent detection by photoelectric effect.
		Because of their non-deterministic nature and near-to-maximal entropy, quantum random number generators are ideally suited for most critical applications such as cryptography, production of PIN and TAN numbers, simulations in industry or science, statistics research etc.
		The expected min-entropy is a function of number of tested blocks N (file length) and block length n, and should slowly converge towards n as the number of blocks goes to infinity.
	qrbg.irb.hr (775 words)

	(-- Hardware Random Number Generator --) Testing hardware generators I think you need to go through the testing ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		A hardware random number generator (TRNG) is different from a pseudo-random number generator - a pseudo random number generator approximates the assumed...
		hardware random number generator In computing, a hardware random number generator is an apparatus that generates random numbers from a physical.
		SG100 Security Generator is an easy to use, easy to integrate hardware random number generator that connects to the standard 10V serial port.
	www.freehomebusinesstools.info /Hardware-Random-Number-Generator.html (793 words)

	True random number generators
		A hardware (true) random number generator is a piece of electronics that plugs into a computer and produces genuine random numbers as opposed to the pseudo-random numbers that are produced by a computer program such as newran.
		So I would really like my hardware random number generator to be as good as possible and the pseudo-random number generator to be used to clean up the very small amount of correlation or bias that remains in the output from the hardware random number generator.
		Although the numbers would probably meet the requirements 1 to 3 with a less accurate generator, the problem is to prove this under requirement 4.
	www.robertnz.net /true_rng.html (3868 words)

	>HG324 Random Bit Generator
		Random bits (numbers) produced by HG324 generator pass, with a high probability, any known standard statistical randomness test such as: Frequency test, ChiSquare, Entropy, Autocorrelation test, KS test, picturing randomness and others, as well as the most stringent ones: the Marsaglia's Diehard battery of tests, the Coron's version of Maurer's Universal Statistical Test.
		The number of ones should approach number of zeros as the length of the sequence tends to infinity, that is the a priory probability of ones should be equal to 1/2;
		HG324 comes in a package which consists of the generator, adapter for powering the generator (input voltage: 100-240VAC, 50-60Hz) and all the software necessary to test the unit, download random bits into a file, view random numbers as points in plane and a few programs to perform statistical tests on generated bits.
	random.com.hr /products/random/hg324.html (1422 words)

	RAND232 / R232-light - True Random Number Generators (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		Almost any plug-and-play random number generator to be advertized on the net for unconscionable pay works exactly like that.
		In general, the "white noise" is defined as an area of constant energy within the noise spectrum.
		For more sophisticated tests on any large random number file, I suggest the RNG-Tester that can be downloaded freely at the University of Geneve.
	www.angelfire.com /theforce/jte/rand/rand.html (947 words)

	HotBits: Genuine Random Numbers
		A test program is available at this site which applies such tests to sequences of bytes and reports how random they appear to be, and if you run this program on data generated by a high-quality pseudorandom sequence generator, you'll find it generates data that are indistinguishable from a sequence of bytes chosen at random.
		HotBits generation hardware produces data at a modest rate (about 100 bytes per second), requests are filled from an “inventory” of pre-built HotBits.
		Once the random bytes are delivered to you, they are immediately discarded—the same data will never be sent to any other user and no records are kept of the data at this or any other site.
	www.fourmilab.ch /hotbits (396 words)

	The Hardware Random Number Generator
		Randomness may be gathered from an RMS voltage of about 4kTRB, where B is the bandwidth, R is the resistance, T is temperature, and k is Boltzman's constant.
		Integrating a random number generator (RNG) on a commodity IC is similar to a manned expedition to MARS: they must take everything with them into that harsh environment that they will need.
		That is because he fails to realize that a crypto-grade random number is characterized by the generation process, not the number itself.
	www.ciphersbyritter.com /NEWS4/HARDRAND.HTM (19063 words)

	Hardware Random Number Generator
		Formats are changed by sending the microcontroller a "1", "4", "6" or "8" command, corresponding to the number of actual bits encoded in each byte transmitted.
		The random data stream is turned on and off with ^Q and ^S characters (ASCII XON and XOFF, or ctrl-Q and ctrl-S).
		This allowed me to generate numbers at a higher rate than 9600 baud, so I grabbed 10 megabytes worth of output and ran it through the Diehard tests.
	www.cryogenius.com /hardware/rng (690 words)

	Online Poker Random Number Generator - RNG - Poker Software
		We asked these two trusted resources to perform an in-depth analysis of the randomness of the output of the RNG, and its implementation in the shuffling of the cards on PokerStars.
		Cigital found that the PokerStars implementation adheres to the current state-of-the-practice in generating random seeding values.
		Random Number Generator (RNG): a system, device or module that creates a sequence of apparently unrelated numbers.
	www.pokerstars.com /poker/rng (603 words)

	A Hardware Random Number Generator (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-15)
		In the late 90's I built a hardware random number generator as a fun project with my Dad.
		The result is a board that generates almost 1/2 MByte/sec of random data so random that it actually found a bug in the Die Hard tests.
		It's the noise source and amplifier, which generates a signal that feeds directly into the A/D. is 12V, and AVSS is -12.
	www.billrocks.org /rng (261 words)

	FrSIRT - NetBSD Security Update Fixes Hardware Random Number Generator Weakness / Exploit (Security Advisories)
		FrSIRT - NetBSD Security Update Fixes Hardware Random Number Generator Weakness / Exploit (Security Advisories)
		NetBSD Security Update Fixes Hardware Random Number Generator Weakness
		A weakness has been identified in NetBSD, which could be exploited by attackers to bypass security restrictions.
	www.frsirt.com /english/advisories/2006/1336 (217 words)

	Random number generator - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Free Open-Source Generator (Random number generator with open-source code for Windows)
		http://www.idquantique.com/products/quantis.htm - True random number generators based on quantum physics
		This page was last modified 11:43, 14 December 2006.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Random_number_generator (1031 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)