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Topic: Harihara Raya II

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	US Bazaar.com : Encyclopedia Pages : Vijayanagara Empire
		By 1374 Bukka Raya I, successor to Harihara I, had defeated the chiefdom of Arcot, the Reddy dynasty of Kondavidu, the Sultan of Madurai and gained control over Goa in the west and the Tungabhadra-Krishna River doab in the north.
		It was later moved to nearby Vijayanagara on the river's southern banks during the reign of Bukka Raya I. With the Vijayanagara Kingdom now imperial in stature, Harihara II, the second son of Bukka Raya I, further consolidated the kingdom beyond the Krishna River and brought the whole of South India under the Vijayanagara umbrella.
		Tirumala Deva Raya was succeeded by his son Sriranga I later followed by Venkata II who made Chandragiri his capital, repulsed the invasion of the Bahmani Sultanate and saved Penukonda from being captured.
	encyclopedia.us-bazaar.com /?title=Vijayanagara_Empire (6149 words)

	US Bazaar.com : Encyclopedia Pages : Bukka
		The early life of Bukka as well as his brother Hakka (also known as Harihara I) are relatively unknown and most accounts of their early life are based on theories (see the Vijayanagara Empire article to get a more extended description of these theories).
		Under Bukka Raya's twenty one year reign (thirty seven according to Nuniz) the kingdom prospered and continued to expand as Bukka Raya conquered most of the kingdoms of southern India, continually expanding the territory of the empire.
		It is also notable that under Bukka Raya's reign the capital of the Vijayanagara Empire established itself at Vijayanagara, on the south side of the river, which was more secure and defensive than their previous capitol at Anegondi.
	encyclopedia.us-bazaar.com /?title=Bukka (561 words)

	Australian Information from Wikipedia
		Then, after nearly two decades of resistance, Veera Ballala III was killed at the battle of Madurai in 1343 and the sovereign territories of the Hoysala empire were merged with the areas administered by Harihara I in the Tungabhadra region.
		The Garuda pillar at the Hoysaleswara temple in Halebidu was erected in honor of Kuvara Lakshma, a minister and bodyguard of King Veera Ballala II.
		Harihara, (also known as Harisvara) a Virashaiva writer and the patron of King Narasimha I, wrote the Girijakalyana in the old Jain Champu style which describes the marriage of Lord Shiva and Parvati in ten sections.
	www.thinkingaustralia.net /thinking_australia/wikipedia/default.php?title=Hoysala (5697 words)

	Kalachuri Dynasty - Indian History
		Harihara II was devotee of Virupaksha (Shiva) but was tolerant to all other religions.
		His younger son Krishanadev Raya is certainly the greatest ruler of Vijaynagar and one of the most famous kings in the history of India.
		Raya himself was an accomplished poet, musician, scholar and was fluent in Sanskrit, Telugu and Kannada (and perhaps Tamil too!).
	www.gloriousindia.com /history/vijaynagar_empire.html (881 words)

	Andhra Pradesh - Vundavilli (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Harihara Raya II of Vijayanagar conquered many areas which were under the Bahmanis during the period of Muhammad Shah II (A.D.1378-1397).
		Harihara II carried on campaign, for gaining control over the territory, against the Reddis and wrested Addanki and Srisailam areas from the Reddis.
		In the dispute between sons, after the death of Harihara II, Devaraya I (A.D.1406--422) emerged victorious and ascended the throne only to wage wars against the Bahmanis, the Velamas of Telangana and the Reddis of Kondavidu.
	www.vundavilli.com /Ap/andhrapradesh.htm (13725 words)

	The coinage of Vijayanagara
		Achyuta raya's coinage is superb among the Vijayanagara coins.
		Sadasiva Raya's gold coinage depicted "Vishnu Lakshmi seated" on the obverse and the reverse with the legend in nagari "Sri Sadasiva Rayaru".
		Rama Raya struck his coins all in copper carrying the obverse device "humped bull" and the reverse with the legend "Rama Raya".
	prabhu.50g.com /vijayngr/vij_coinage.html (885 words)

	India Heritage :: History :: Medieval :: South India (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		According to legends as well as historical sources, two brothers named Harihara and Bukka (Sons of Sangama,a chieftain at the court of the Hoysala rulers)had founded city of Vijayanagara on the southern bank of the river Tungabhadra in the state of Andhra Pradesh.
		Harihara II was fairly tolerant towards the followers of other faiths too.
		Raya himself was an accomplished poet, musician, scholar and extremely well-versed in Sanskrit, Telugu and Kannada.
	www.indiaheritage.org /history/history_medieval_south.htm (1772 words)

	India Vilas - One Site Million Options
		Harihara and Bukka, two brothers from Warangal, whom the Sultan Muhammad-Bin-Tughlaq had taken captive, were converted to Islam, and were commissioned to consolidate his rule in Kampila.
		After the death of Deva Raya II in 1446 AD, there was a series of civil wars among the various contenders to the throne.
		Ultimately in 1543, Sadashiva Raya ascended the throne and ruled till 1567, however the real power was in the hand of Rama Raja, who played off the various Muslim powers against one another.
	www.indiavilas.com /indiainfo/indiainfo.asp?m=medievalhistory (1237 words)

	Vijayanagara coins- History
		Hampi is situated on the Southern bank of the Tungabhadra river, in Hospet Taluk, in Bellary District of Karnataka State, India(lat.
		Harihara entrusted to his younger brother Bukkaraya, whom he appointed as Yuvaraja the task of constructing the city.
		Goa was captured in 1369 during the reign of King Bukka I and was lost in
	www.vijayanagaracoins.com /htm/history.htm (789 words)

	Vijayanagara Empire Summary
		P.B Desai in his work History of Vijayanagar Empire 1936 asserts that the theory of capture of Harihara and Bukka by the Sultan of Delhi and conversion to Islam is false and that the testimony of epigraphs proves that the area around Hampi constituted their homeland.
		In 1565, at the Battle of Talikota, the army of Vijayanagara was routed by an alliance of the Deccan sultanates.
		Rama Raya was killed and his head annually covered with oil and red pigment was exhibited in Ahmednagar till 1829.
	www.bookrags.com /Vijayanagara_Empire (2984 words)

	A Forgotten Empire: Vijayanagar By Robert Swell-Book 1 Chapter 5 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		It can hardly be supposed that King Harihara II., then quite old and always a lover of peace, would without motive have waged this sudden war and himself led his armies into the field, and it seems more likely that the invasion was a bold dash made by his son with the king's permission.
		The new king, his eldest son, Bukka II., must have been a man of middle age, as he had a son old enough to take the field with him before he himself came to the throne.
		The relatives of these in the city begged the aged Raya (Harihara II., still alive) to offer ransom, and after much negotiation the Sultan accepted "ten lakhs of oons"[89] and agreed to the execution of a treaty.
	www.nalanda.nitc.ac.in /resources/english/etext-project/history/vijayanagar/book1.chapter5.html (2025 words)

	MUDIRAJA & RELATED KINGS
		Thimmarusu was the man responsible for shaping Krishnadeva Raya as one of the greatest Hindu rulers of India and build mighty Vijaynagar Empire to carry on the mission of Harihara Raya and Bukka Raya for the cause of protecting Hindus and Hinduism from the onslaught of invading Muslim rulers.
		Harihara Raya and Bukka Raya were the sons of Sangama Deva Raya.
		It was possible that Sangama Raya was a relative to Kakatiya rules and it might be the reason for sending Harihara Raya and Bukka Raya to the court of Kakatiya Kings as treasury superintendents.
	www.geocities.com /mudiraja/mudiraju_kings.html (20002 words)

	Tourism
		Harihara Raya, the founder of the Vijayanagar Empire, appointed deputies to command the military force and collect revenue from the Jain rajas and other tributaries.
		After Harihara Raya, twelve other Vijayanagara princes possessed the kingdom for a period of about three centuries.
		The levy was opposed by Abbakka Devi II, the famous queen of Ullal, who was the first woman to raise the banner of revolt against foreign rule.
	www.mangalorecity.gov.in /tourism.html (1914 words)

	file_nav_name Encyclopedia Index
		Vijayanagara Empire Sangama Dynasty Harihara Raya I Bukka Raya I Harihara Raya II Virupaksha...
		Vijayanagara Empire Vijayanagar Empire during Deva Raya II (1446 CE.) and Krishnadevaraya (1520 CE.), Offi...
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	www.brainyencyclopedia.com /topics/dates.html (4730 words)

	Harihara, the hero from Vijayanagara - Deccan Herald (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Harihara (Hakka), inspired by his teacher, Sri Vidyaranya founded the empire of Vijayanagara.
		The founders of the empire Harihara (Hakka) and Bukka were ardent devotees of Sri Vidyaranya, a profound scholar and learned man. He was also the ‘Rajguru’ — the royal teacher.
		King Harihara in the scriptures is described as “Karnataka Vidya Vilas” as he had mastered great knowledge and skills.
	www.deccanherald.com /deccanherald/dec212004/spt1.asp (2207 words)

	India FAQ's, Frequently Asked Questions on India, FAQ's on India
		The kingdom of Krishna Deva Raya was called Vijaynagar.
		Bahadur Shah II was the last Mughal emperor of India.
		Harihara and Bukka founded the kingdom of Vijayanagar.
	www.mapsofindia.com /india-faqs.html (1830 words)

	A-Z of Indian Dynasties - China History Forum, chinese history forum
		1.Rama Raya (1542); 2.Tirumala (brother of 1.)(1570); 3.Sriranga I (son of 2.)(1572); 4.Venkata II (brother of 3.)(1586); 5.Sriranga II (son of 2nd brother of 2.)(1614); 6.Ramadevaraya (son of 5.)(1618); 7.Venkata III (grandson of 1.); 8.
		Yuddhamalla II (son of 18.)(928); 22.Chalukya Bhima II (brother of 16.)(935); 23.Amma II (son of 22.) and Taila II (son of 21.)(945); 24.Danarnava (brother of 23.); Unexplained Interregnum from 973-1000; 25.Saktivarman (son of 24)(1000); 26.Vimaladitya (brother of 25.)(1011); 27.Rajaraja Narendra (son of 26.)(1019); 28.Vijayaditya VI (brother of 27.).
		Sir Gupta; Ghatotkacha; 1.Chandragupta I (1320); 2.Kacha (son of 1.); 3.Samudragupta (son of 1.)(350); 4.Chandragupta II (Vikramaditya)(son of 3.)(380); 5.Kumaragupta I (Mahendraditya)(son of 4.)(414); 6.Skandagupta Vikramaditya (son of 5.)(455); 7.Puragupta (son of 5.)(480); 8.Budhagupta (son of 7.); 9.Narasimhagupta Baladitya (son of 7.)(485); 10.Vainyagupta (507); 11.Bhanugupta (510); 12.Kumaragupta II (son of 9.)(530); 13.Vishnugupta (son of 10.).
	www.chinahistoryforum.com /index.php?showtopic=3629 (2049 words)

	Virupaksha Temple Karnataka,Virupaksha Hindu Temple,Karnataka Hindu Temple
		From literary evidences it may be inferred that Proluganti Tippa, an officer of Deva Raya II (AD 1422-46), probably built the 'gopuram'.
		The inner court has a pillared cloister along the four sides, with a number of subshrines, while the main sanctum of Virupaksha with its axial 'mandapa' is situated in the central part of the court and faces east.
		Behind the west corridor of the temple is a small shrine dedicated to sage Vidyaranya, and said to have been built by Harihara II (AD 1377-1404).
	www.indiantravelportal.com /karnataka/temples/virupaksha-temple.html (1257 words)

	clear blue sky - Powered By Bloglines
		Under Pulakesin II, the Chalukyas invaded Pallava land and were roundly defeated by the Pallava Narasimhaverman in 643 CE.
		The founders of the Vijayanagara Kingdom, Harihara and Bukka fought for Praaparudra II of Warangal.
		The Madurai Sultanate was defeated and the entire country south of Tungabhadra river was slated to reach height glory and of power as the protector of Hinduism during the period of Krishnadeva Raya.
	www.bloglines.com /blog/balakris/2006_4_13 (3347 words)

	Summary and Evaluation of India & Southeast Asia to 1875 by Sanderson Beck
		Brothers Harihara and Bukka converted to Islam in order to govern Kampili; later they renounced that religion and declared their independence, founding the Vijayanagara kingdom in 1336.
		Their being overcome by the British was caused by many factors such as overextended conquests, Maratha conflicts, administrative anarchy, plundering armies, British money and superior military equipment and discipline, lack of Maratha nationalism, precarious agriculture, and lack of industry, trade, social equality, and education.
		Kamehameha II died of measles in London in 1824.
	www.san.beck.org /2-14-Summary.html (10869 words)

	History of Bahmani Dynasty
		Muhammad Shah II's 19 year reign was one of the most peaceful period in the whole Bahmani history.
		He directly attacked into the Darbar Hall Taghalchin and his son was killed Daud II was blinded and allowed to move Mecca with his mother on 23rd Safar, 800 AH.
		This confirms that Ahmad Shah II ascended the throne in 838 AH when Ahmad I was alive.
	www.indiancoins.8m.com /bahmani/BahmaniHist.html (3279 words)

	Delhi Sultans and Rajas 1300-1526 by Sanderson Beck
		When Ramachandra died and his successor Singhana II asserted independence, Kafur's army defeated and killed the Devagiri king, though not all the Yadava kingdom was subjugated.
		After the fall of Kampili in 1327, the captured brothers Harihara and Bukka were taken to Delhi and converted to Islam before returning as governors of Kampili.
		Harihara I became king, and Bukka's army conquered Hoysala in 1343 after its king Ballala III had been treacherously killed by the forces of Madura's sultan.
	www.san.beck.org /2-8-DelhiSultans1300-1526.html (12518 words)

	A Concise History of India, Chapter 3
		Two brothers named Harihara and Bukka took over the realm and built a new capital on the south bank of the Tungabhadra River, a desolate landscape of hills and house-sized boulders in the southern Deccan.
		Krishna Deva Raya's half brother and heir, Achyuta Deva Raya (1529-42), was not of the same caliber, and real authority passed to Rama Raya, the great king's son-in-law and a born conspirator.
		When Achyuta died Rama Raya crowned Achyuta's nephew Sadashiva (1542-67) and appointed himself regent until the young king came of age; to prevent trouble from the figurehead, Rama Raya immediately had his monarch imprisoned.
	xenohistorian.faithweb.com /india/in03.html (9056 words)

	Acharyas who adorned the Peetham between 1378 and 1560
		The Acharya received Harihara II at Sringeri where the emperor erected a temple in memory of Sri Vidyaranya and founded the agrahara of Vidyaranyapura, which is the home of many Sringeri priests even today.
		King Harihara of Vijayanagar felt that the Acharya would be a great spiritual bulwark to his kingdom and invited him to the capital and arranged for his stay there for sometime.
		During the pontificate of Sri Purushottama Bharati II Vijayanagar witnessed two usurpations, by Saluva Nrisimha in 1486 and by Narasa Nayaka of the Tulu dynasty in 1491.
	www.sringeri.net /jagadgurus/later_acharyas1.php (1271 words)

	GOA WORLD - History Of Goa
		Jayakeshi II did not have any scruples to organize an armed revolt against his own father-in-law Emperor Vikramaditya II of the Chalukya dynasty.
		The Portuguese empire further denuded itself of Tangiers and Bombay in 1665, by ceding them as dowries to their Princess Catherine who was given in marriage to King Charles II of England.
		Goa fell to the Muslims for the first time in 1312, but they were forced to evacuate it in 1370 by Harihara I of the Vijayanagar empire whose capital was at Hampi in Karnataka state.
	www.goa-world.com /GOA/ABOUT_GOA/hist.htm (9719 words)

	Coins of the Contemporaries of the Mughals
		After his death, Deva Raya, who was already over twenty while his half-brother who was supposed to be king was only eight years old, succeeded him and kept Timma as Prime minister.
		Timma, later on, led victoriously the Vijayanagar army in different expeditions and it is not very surprising that Krishna Deva Raya singled out this faithful servant by putting his name with his own on a coin.
		The Hindu state of Mysore was using coins of the Mughal Empire and of Vijayanagar until a Muslim adventurer who had became the commander of the army of the Mysore raja took power in 1761.
	www.geocities.com /jmd_brussels/CONTKE.html (579 words)

	Hindus Arise (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Suryavarman II defeated his many rivals and managed to reunite what is now Cambodia back into the Khmer empire.
		Suryavarman II was an extremely ambitious king, in addition to being a religious reformer.
		Despite being defeated by Da Viet, Suryavarman II is still considered one of the most important kings in terms of expanding the realm of the Khmer Empire.
	www.hindusarise.com /heroes.htm (9889 words)

	★ Erotiktv
		ero0iktv All these royal insignia he gave to his nephew Chica Raya as being his successor, and as such he was at once proclaimed.
		eroniktv The old man then took the ring and held it on the point of his finger offering it the second time to Chica Raya, who by the advice of the captains present took it, and placed it on his head and then on his finger, shedding many tears.
		erotiatv The relatives of these in the city begged the aged Raya (Harihara II., still alive) to offer ransom, and after much negotiation the Sultan accepted "ten lakhs of oons"[89] and agreed to the execution of a treaty.
	sergeievich.dnip.net /erotiktv.html (5480 words)

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