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Topic: Harlem Railroad

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	Harlem - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Though this period of Harlem's history has been romanticized, the 1920s were the time in which the neighborhood became a slum, and some of the storied traditions of the Harlem Renaissance were driven by poverty, crime, or other social ills.
		As of May 2006, Harlem is the heart of the charter schools movement in Manhattan; of the 25 charter schools operating in Manhattan, 18 are in Harlem.
		Residents of Harlem rioted in 1935, 1943, 1964, 1968, and 1995.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Harlem (5503 words)

	Harlem
		In the 19th century, Harlem was a place of farms, such as James Roosevelt's, east of Fifth Avenue between 110th and 125th Streets, now the heart of Spanish (actually Latin-American) Harlem.
		In the late 1950s and early 1960s, Harlem was the scene of a massive rent strike by neighbourhood tenants, led by local activist Jesse Gray, who became discredited after he was identified as a member of the Communist Party by witnesses testifying under oath before the House Committee on Un-American Activities.
		Harlem was spared most of the rioting that plagued other fl neighborhoods in the 1960s, although it did play host to a relatively minor disturbance in 1964.
	en.mcfly.org /Harlem (844 words)

	The Railroad Builders by John Moody,1919
		It was the second continuous section of railroad line operated by steam in the United States, and on it the third locomotive built in America, the De Witt Clinton, made a satisfactory trial trip in August, 1831.
		A few years later the Harlem Railroad was leased to the property at a high valuation and a large dividend was guaranteed on the stock, the ownership of which was retained by the Vanderbilt family.
		Federal railroad regulation, which started in a moderate way with the passage of the Interstate Commerce Act in 1887, had steadily increased through the years; the Sherman Anti-trust Act, passed in 1890, had been interpreted broadly as affecting the railroads of the country as well as the industrial and other combinations.
	cprr.org /Museum/Railroad_Builders/Railroad_Builders_02.html (4641 words)

	New York and Harlem Railroad - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		An 1847 map of Lower Manhattan; the only railroad in Manhattan is the New York and Harlem Railroad.
		The New York and Harlem Railroad (now the Metro-North Railroad Harlem Line) was one of the first railroads in the United States, and possibly the first street railway, running north from Lower Manhattan to and beyond Harlem.
		It is now part of the Metro-North Railroad system, and the only Manhattan trackage of that system.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/New_York_and_Harlem_Railroad (1089 words)

	New York Architecture Images- History- harlem and the heights
		Harlem suffered economic decline in the 1830s when many of the farms, depleted from decades of cultivation, were abandoned and the great estates were sold at public auctions.
		Harlem was considered an ideal place to live, with its broad tree-lined streets and new, up-to-date housing stock.
		Rents in Harlem rose drastically after World War I. The deterioration of Harlem housing which began in the 1920s can be attributed in large part to the high cost of living in the community and the increased demands on the neighbourhood brought by the rising population.
	www.nyc-architecture.com /HAR/HAR-History.htm (4599 words)

	Abandoned Stations : Harlem
		The Harlem station in open cut was constructed by the New York Central and Hudson River Railroad in 1873-1874 as part of the Park Avenue Improvement.
		Harlem service was greatly expanded in May 1876 by the rapid transit service operated to Williams Bridge, which with the main Harlem Division services amounted to about an hourly service to Grand Central.
		A plan to open the Harlem River to navigation took hold in the late 1880's, culminating in the opening in 1895 of the Ship Canal at 225 St that provided a deep water connection to the Spuyten Duyvil Creek and the Hudson River.
	www.columbia.edu /~brennan/abandoned/125st.html (808 words)

	New York Central -- Historical Information, Mohawk & Hudson Chapter, National Railway Historical Society (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		However, the New York and Albany never materlialized, and it was the New York and Harlem that assumed the broadened charter of the New York and Albany and built north through the Harlem Valley, by 1852 reaching the Western Railroad of Massachusetts (later the Boston and Albany) in Chatham.
		The Boston and Albany was Chartered on Nov. 2, 1870, and was formed by the merger of the Western Railroad of Massachusetts and the Boston and Worcester Railroad.
		Once a railroad baron was established in a particular territory, another one who wanted to compete with the first one would build a purposely parallel railroad in the same territory even though such was not needed.
	www.crisny.org /not-for-profit/railroad/nyc_hist.htm (6036 words)

	Railroad
		Railroads were soon being built in the United States with the first successful venture carrying goods from Quincy, Massachusetts to Boston in 1827.
		By the early 1850's the Harlem Line had revenues of one million dollars a year and transported nearly three million passengers at a fare of two and a half cents per mile.
		Previously, the expense of transporting the iron ore to the blast furnaces in Pennsylvania where steel was produced hindered the rapid development of the mine.
	www.southeastmuseum.org /html/railroad.html (935 words)

	Welcome to Harlem, GA - Birthplace of Oliver Hardy - Our History
		The beginnings of Harlem, which turns 131 years old this year, run along the Georgia Railroad and through the lives of two men who wanted a liquor-free town.
		Around 1865, railroad engineer Newnan Hicks decided to quit his job when he was asked to work on a Sunday.
		But Harlem remained small and family-oriented, and people could tell if a family had money by whether the street in front of its house was paved.
	www.harlemga.org /history.htm (520 words)

	@ugusta History: Railroad pumped life into Harlem
		Saw Dust was absorbed by Harlem in 1887, and nearby Cerlastae, another settlement, did the same in 1906.
		Harlem today has about 2,200 residents, and this weekend it held the annual Oliver Hardy Festival, which drew tens of thousands of fans honoring the portly comedian who was born in Harlem in 1892.
		The merger is an option county leaders see as more cost effective, but it has sparked disapproval from many Harlem residents who equate giving up the charter with relinquishing their history.
	chronicle.augusta.com /history/harlem.html (593 words)

	New York State Railroads
		It was leased to the Western (Mass.) Railroad, Nov. 18, 1841, for the term of its charter, and later was operated as a part of that road, including the ferry at Albany.
		The road was allowed to connect with the Chemung Railroad at Jefferson, and to change its name Sept. 11th, 1852, to Canandaigua and Elmira Railroad; it subsequently became a part of the New York Central system.
		By railroad, he argued, the communication between the same points could be made in winter and summer in three hours at no greater cost than by canal, paying for sixteen instead of twenty-eight miles.
	www.geocities.com /k_kinlock/NewYorkStateRailroads.htm (6369 words)

	Railroads from Albany to Connecticut
		The State of NY and the railroad paid for this and when it was done GM did ship outbound autoracks for the plant's remaining years, but the plant closed in the early-mid 90s.
		On passenger trains, railroads operated lots of equipment other than sleepers, coaches, dining cars, etc. This equipment was generally called 'head-end' equipment, these 'freight' cars were at one time plentiful and highly profitable for the railroads.
		Meeting the New York & Harlem in Chatham was the Chatham Branch of the Rutland Railroad.
	www.lakemirabel.com /Railroad/Harlem1.html (2851 words)

	ABOUT HARLEM VALLEY - HARLEM VALLEY RAIL RIDE of Bike New York (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Albany became the eastern terminus of the Erie Canal and the Buffalo to Albany Central Railroad.
		Harlem Valley was initially chosen as the route for the new railroad from New York City to Albany because it was less expensive to construct the route inland than along the Hudson River.
		The Township of Amenia was organized in 1823, with the main population centers in the hamlets of the Oblong Valley and Smithfield.
	www.bikenewyork.org /HVRR-about-Harlem-Valley.htm (714 words)

	mta.info \| Metro-North Railroad FAQ's
		Celebrating its 20th anniversary, MTA Metro-North Railroad, the second largest commuter railroad in the United States, provides approximately 250,000 customer trips each weekday and some 73,000,000 trips per year.
		A subsidiary of New York State's Metropolitan Transportation Authority, Metro-North was founded in 1983 when the MTA assumed control of Conrail commuter operations in the states of New York and Connecticut.
		Today, with 384 route miles and 775 miles of track, Metro-North goes to 120 stations distributed in seven counties in New York State--Dutchess, Putnam, Westchester, Bronx, New York (Manhattan), Rockland, and Orange-and two counties in the state of Connecticut--New Haven and Fairfield.
	www.mta.nyc.ny.us /mnr/html/faqs.htm (228 words)

	A Brief History Lines West--The New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad Co.
		The Shore Line Railroad was leased to the New York and New Haven Railroad in 1870 and on August 6, 1872, the New York and New Haven and the Hartford and New Haven railroads were consolidated, forming the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad.
		The New Haven and Derby Railroad was leased to the Housatonic Railroad July 9, 1889 and the Housatonic Railroad was leased to the New York, New Haven and Hartford September 10, including the Danbury and Norwalk and the New Haven and Derby Railroads.
		Another famous railroad, known in later years as the Central New England Railway, was the last railroad in the lines west territory to be acquired by the N Y, N H and H. It was merged into the larger road on May 10, 1927.
	www.catskillarchive.com /rrextra/abnere2.Html (9835 words)

	East Harlem History - 197-A Plan
		The history of Harlem follows the progression from an Indian fishing ground to farmland to suburb, then exploding to a welcoming neighborhood for migrants and immigrants and finally a residential inner City area - all united by the thread of a hope for the future, the goal to find jobs, to make it in America.
		The density, and the deteriorating condition of the tenements focused civic attention on East Harlem It became the prime target for federal slum clearance as outlined in the Federal Housing Act of 1937.
		Throughout East Harlem the varied communities have asserted cultural identifies through the arts, dance, and drama, The, art and architecture of the "casitas" (informal buildings on vacant lots) have been featured in several museum exhibits.
	www.east-harlem.com /cb11_197A_history.htm (2129 words)

	Railhistory
		Both railroad lines were acquired by Commodore Vanderbilt in the 1870's and became part of the rail baron's empire stretching from New York City to Chicago and St. Louis.
		The northern portion of the New York and Harlem Railroad became the Harlem Division of the New York Central and Hudson River Railroad, later shortened to New York Central Railroad.
		Although the Upper Harlem Line was abandoned and the track removed between Wassaic and Millerton and on northward to Chatham by 1981, the Harlem Valley Rail Trail preserves a linear corridor for alternative public use.
	www.hvrt.org /railhistory.html (778 words)

	sect3full
		In 1873, Commodore Vanderbilt acquired the New York and Harlem Railroad, and it became the Harlem Division of the New York Central and Hudson River Railroad (later shortened to the New York Central Railroad).
		The Harlem Division, however, served as an important rail corridor for eastern New York and western Connecticut and Massachusetts.
		It stands on the west side of the railroad right-of-way, opposite the New York Central one, and is occupied by a florist.
	www.hvrt.org /sect3full.html (1335 words)

	History and Significance of the Southern Area
		With the disappearance of industry, however, the river’s role was considerably diminished, and in the latter half of the twentieth century, portions of its shores have become a magnet for attempts at renewal and improvement in city life.
		The Southern section of the Harlem River, as a whole, continues to bustle with activity along massive city infrastructure projects, such as bridges and elevated freeways, each of which testifies to the shifting phases of development and commerce witnessed by the area.
		The Harlem River Houses are the earliest example of public housing in the Harlem River area and are a New York City Landmark.
	www.arch.columbia.edu /hp/research/southernHistory.html (7887 words)

	Hope Community Inc. >> About Us >> East Harlem's History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		In the forty years between 1870 and 1910 approximately 65,000 apartments were built in East Harlem, a testimony to the tremendous demand for new housing and the ability of the private economy to provide the supply.
		In the 1930s, the Italian community in "Harlem" was the largest in the country.
		The housing for the residents in East Harlem was dilapidated buildings not fit for neither man nor beast.
	www.hopeci.org /code/exe_history.html (892 words)

	Historic Harlem Line Photographs
		While the Hudson River Railroad blasted through hard rock and built numerous bridges and causeways, the New York and Harlem Railroad encountered no such obstacles.
		While the Hudson River Railroad was built at tremendous cost, the same was not true for the Harlem.
		The tracks on the Harlem Line were removed north of Wassaic, 80 miles from New York City, in the late 1970s.
	piercehaviland.com /rail/photo12.htm (344 words)

	Berkshire Taconic :: Explore the landscape :: Harlem Valley Rail Trail
		The Harlem Valley Rail Trail Association is planning a 43-mile long trail from Wassaic to Chatham.
		History: The New York and Harlem Valley Railroad was built in 1840 to link lower Manhattan with the wealthy "suburbs" of Harlem in northern Manhattan.
		By 1851 the railroad was extended to Chatham, N.Y., to enable New York City to keep its competitive advantage over Boston.
	www.lastgreatplaces.org /berkshire/explore/art6567.html (360 words)

	CONRAIL: Consolidated Rail Corporation
		Most of the shortline's and small railroads that went into CR did so because they were subsidiaries of the big lines that were being included.
		With the creation of CR there was no longer any reason to justify retaining the seperate corporations which were often retained for tax and insurance purposes with the railroads being operationally just another piece of their parent.
		Railroad properties to Conrail in 1976, remained an active corporation.
	www.rosshorwood.com /RailSiteLinksFiles/Conrail.html (1098 words)

	.:Metro North RailRoad
		MTA Metro-North Railroad is the second-largest commuter line in the United States, providing more than 240,000 customer trips each weekday and some 71,800,000 trips per year.
		A subsidiary of the MTA (Metropolitan Transportation Authority), Metro-North was founded in 1983, when the MTA assumed control of Conrail commuter operations in New York and Connecticut.
		Metro-North traces its antecedents back to the New York and Harlem Railroad, which began in 1832 as a horse-car line in lower Manhattan.
	www.geocities.com /coolio3ie (285 words)

	The Harlem Line
		to the original New York and Harlem Railroad charter in 1831.
		In 1862 it was bought by Commodore Vanderbilt and became a part of his empire that would include the Hudson River Railroad and the original New York Central railroad.
		Another improvement to the Harlem Line was addition of a third main track from CP 113 in Mount Vernon to CP 117 north of the Crestwood station.
	piercehaviland.com /rail/harlem.html (413 words)

	Home To Harlem History
		The Home To Harlem Dining and Entertainment section is here to guide you to the varied Harlem theaters, Harlem restaurants, Harlem clubs, Harlem bars and lounges that make Harlem night life sizzle.
		The Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture, located on 135th street in Harlem is continuing their mission of preserving and providing access to over 5,000,000 pictures, manuscripts, and sounds documenting fl life.
		The Studio Museum in Harlem is the premier fine arts institution displaying arts and artifacts of Black America and the African Diaspora.
	www.hometoharlem.com /Harlem/hthcult.nsf/harlem/harlemhistory (655 words)

	History
		The Harlem Railroad ran from Grand Central Terminal to Brewster.
		It ran from Highbridge in the Bronx to Brewster where it would connect with railroads from Connecticut and Massachusetts, creating the most direct line between the cities of New York and Boston.
		The New York and New England Railroad, building west from Connecticut, connected through Towners and headed up to Hopewell Junction in Dutchess County.
	www.southeastmuseum.org /html/history.html (517 words)

	East Harlem History Page 4
		Some pictures are courtesy of East Harlem's La Guardia/Corsi House which is located at 307 East 116th Street, New York, NY 10029, (212) 534-7800 or from
		For further information on East Harlem please read the 197-A Plan from Community Board # 11.
		This document contains demographic, historic and statistical data.
	www.east-harlem.com /history4.htm (106 words)

	JJ's Railroad Links - H (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Southeast Museum history of Southeast New York, including the early American Circus and the Harlem Line Railroad
		Heart of Dixie Railroad Museum museum in Calera, Alabama
		Hudson Bay Railway A grandfather's account of a cold day in May 1929 on the railroad
	jj.railfan.net /links-h.html (118 words)

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