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Topic: Harmonic system

	Electrotek Concepts - Harmonic Studies
		Harmonic measurements are very useful in that they provide information necessary to characterize the loads as well as provide a means for verifying the harmonic model.
		Measured harmonic currents are used as input to the model and simulated harmonic voltage distortion levels are then compared with measured values to determine the accuracy of the model.
		The effect of important system parameters (capacitors, loads, transformer sizes) is evaluated and the potential for problem resonance conditions is determined (5th or 7th harmonic resonance is the most important).
	www.electrotek.com /harmonic.htm (1352 words)

	Harmonic Control in Electric Power Systems (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		It would be ideal if it were possible to control harmonics to such an extent that harmonic effects caused by connection of harmonic-producing loads were nil at every point in the entire system encompassing the consumer’s own circuit, the utility circuit, and other consumer’s circuits.
		The objectives of the current limits are to limit the maximum individual frequency voltage harmonic to 3% of the fundamental and the voltage THD to 5% for systems without a major parallel resonance at one of the injected harmonic frequencies.
		Ideally, the harmonic distortion caused by a single consumer should be limited to an acceptable level at any point in the system; and the entire system should be operated without substantial harmonic distortion anywhere in the system.
	www.ece.umr.edu /links/power/Energy_Course/energy/Pow_quality/ieee_std.htm (1524 words)

	Harmonic Bindings
		Formal system (F-system) is defined as a system in which the tones with the frequencies in the 2:1 ratio are considered to be equal (octave identity).
		Harmonic tendency of chord (harmonic gradient) is determined by position of chord in tonality; it is not influenced by tension (entropy) inside of chord.
		Harmonic skeleton of melody is a set of tones, which contribute mostly to the harmonic power.
	www.sweb.cz /vladimir_ladma/english/music/articles/ifsa97.htm (2852 words)

	Harmonic Filter Bank Tuning - Tuned and De-Tuned Filter Banks
		With respect to filtering, the 5th harmonic filter perform the best of the three filters, since the lowest harmonic voltage is produced for a one per unit injection.
		This current may flow back to the utility or into the harmonic filter, and is dependent upon the filter impedance and system impedance at the 5th harmonic.
		If harmonic filters are being considered only for the purpose of reducing the harmonic distortion to acceptable limits, then a tuned filter bank should be considered.
	www.nepsi.com /tune_new.htm (1153 words)

	[No title]
		The damped harmonic oscillator is driven by a cosinusoidal forcing function at the respiratory frequency.
		The steady-state behavior of such a system is described by a cosine oscillating at the respiratory frequency fB.
		The relaxation induced dynamics of a harmonic system are investigated by simulating the higher-order correlation functions of the Raman polarizability and the dipole moment, which represent the nonlinear optical responses of Raman or infrared spectroscopy.
	www.lycos.com /info/harmonic-oscillator--systems.html (624 words)

	Steel mill tackles power quality and power factor problems
		An electrical model of the plant's distribution system with a capacitor bank installed was made, and an analysis was carried out to determine various electrical parameters of the steel mill's electrical system; the system did not perform as desired.
		Harmonics are caused by non-linear or pulsed loads (such as electronic power supplies), and their current causes the apparent power to exceed the active power by a substantial amount.
		Harmonic currents are produced at scrap metal or ladle furnaces when the harmonic voltages from the arc are impressed across the electrodes, and the load current passes through the impedance of the leads and furnace transformer.
	ecmweb.com /mag/electric_steel_mill_tackles (3964 words)

	HARMONIC TRANSLATION SYSTEM
		In the HT system, tactile changes are felt on the electronic kinesiological reaction plate in response to resonant reactions in the client or their tissue sample (hair), to bio-analysis questions coded into the analysis program.
		In the HT system an organism is directly wired to the translator device or is represented with a live tissue sample (hair) on the reaction pad.
		E K, as used in the Harmonic Translation System is a technique for utilizing subtle perceptual impressions and pattern recognition to establish reliable linear data.
	www.holistic-alt.com /manual.htm (9867 words)

	Harmonic Inc. \|
		Harmonic provides innovative, flexible and cost-effective digital headend solutions for cable systems designed to accommodate broadcast and on-demand narrowcast services.
		Harmonic’s cable solutions also enable cable operators incorporating new services into existing infrastructures to use the full potential of their cable systems.
		Harmonic cable solutions also support distributed architectures, where digital streams originating at the headend are distributed over a wide area network to regional headends or hubs for further customization and QAM modulation.
	www.harmonicinc.com /view_csd_applications_detail.cfm?classID=55 (2148 words)

	Harmonic Healing
		Harmonic Healing is a term I use for a highly integrated system of harmonic numbers, musical tones, gem and flower essences, colors, forms, constitutional homeopathic remedies, cell salts etc, which are correlated with spiritual, emotional, mental and physiological characteristics.
		Harmonic Healing consists of Mantras (sounding specific tones and syllables), Yantras (specific visual color patterns), and Mudras (hand and body gestures) to open up pyramids of energy connecting systems of the body, allowing cosmic energy to flow into and through the body in a stepped-down, balanced way.
		These harmonic relationships can be described as numbers which are octaves when doubled or halved; are perfect fifths (trines in astrology) when tripled or in thirds; are major thirds (quintiles in astrology) when quintupled or in fifths.
	www.paulchek.com /HarmonicHealing.htm (3039 words)

	January-February 2003: The 3rd Harmonic Blocking Filter
		One of the reasons this type of distribution system is used is that when the loads on all three phases are balanced, and only the 60 Hz fundamental current is considered, the fundamental current cancels in the neutral and the neutral current is zero.
		One study found that 33 percent of telecommunication fires were caused by failures of power systems or components.9 By eliminating 3rd harmonic currents from the transformer to the furthest outlet, the HSS eliminates the risk of over-current caused fires.
		Harmonic currents carried by transformers, switchgear, and wiring use up system capacity that could be used to carry 60 Hz currents that do work.
	www.iaei.org /subscriber/magazine/03_a/magazine_03_lowenstein.htm (3864 words)

	Forced Harmonic Vibration
		Although pure harmonic excitation is less likely to occur than periodic or other types of excitation, understanding the behavior of a system undergoing harmonic excitation is essential in order to comprehend how the system will respond to more general types of excitation.
		Harmonic excitation may be in the form of a force or displacement of some point in the system.
		Remembering that in harmonic motion the phases of the velocity and acceleration are ahead of the displacement by 90° and 180°, respectively, the terms of the differential equation can also be displayed graphically, as in Fig.
	personal.cityu.edu.hk /~bsapplec/forced.htm (349 words)

	MTE Corporation - Economical Solutions to Meet Harmonic Distortion Limits
		Harmonic currents are thus attenuated by the inductive reactance of the input reactor.
		Since harmonic trap type filters are connected in shunt with the power system, they cause a shift in the power system natural resonant frequency.
		When harmonic filters are applied at the facility input transformer, the utility benefits from the harmonic reduction but the harmonic current will still be flowing on the facility conductors and mains.
	www.mtecorp.com /harmsol.html (2283 words)

	Harmonics Harmonic Distortion Levels in Egypt Analyzed Analysis confirms that existing arc furnace filter at substation ...
		While the voltage harmonic distortion on the substation bus did not exceed the recommended limits, the harmonic current in the feeder serving the arc furnaces was excessive.
		Conclusion Preliminary harmonic distortion measurements made on the AEDC medium-voltage system show that there are isolated areas where harmonic distortion exceeds the recommended limits; however, in most locations studied, the utility bus voltage distortion limits are exceeded only for a short time in the early morning.
		The measured levels of harmonic distortion are difficult to match by applying theoretical harmonic sources because of uncertainty in both the characteristics of the sources and the configuration of the system at the time of the measurements.
	tdworld.com /mag/power_harmonics_harmonic_distortion/index.html (2288 words)

	Dean Peer article: Bass Harmonics the Natural Way
		While Jaco Pastorius is responsible for introducing electric bass harmonics to a wide audience, their full versatility has yet to move into the mainstream.
		For example, an octave harmonic produced by lightly touching above the 12th fret is at the string length’s halfway point—thus a ration of 2 to 1 (expressed 2:1).
		2; in the diagrams, the open circles are harmonics, while the solid fl circles indicate fretted notes; in standard notation 8va and 15ma indicate that the pitches sound one octave or two octaves higher that written, respectively).
	www.deanpeer.com /BassHarmonics.html (1181 words)

	[No title]
		The harmonic models developed in the study are specifically devoted to LV systems with hundreds of users with weak lines (weak lines requiring harmonic distortion level predictions).
		The 3rd harmonic component is the supply voltage has the highest effect on the current harmonics and distortion, and the effect of higher voltage harmonics diminishes with frequency.
		The harmonic distortion is sensitive to the critical areas of the distribution system which have significant weights in terms of the system impedance.
	grouper.ieee.org /groups/harmonic/single/docs/litsrch.doc (6070 words)

	High Performance Active Harmonic Filter (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Untimely tripping of protected devices, harmonic overloads, high levels of voltage and current distortion, temperature rise in conductors and generators all contribute to reducing the quality and the reliability of a low-voltage AC system.
		This type of filter is connected in series with the AC distribution network and compensates both the harmonic currents generated by the load and the voltage distortion already on the AC system.
		If the harmonic currents drawn by the load are greater than the rating of the Active Harmonic Filter, the filter automatically limits the injected current to its rated output current.
	www.activeharmonicfilters.com /High_Performance_Active_Harmon/body_high_performance_active_harmon.html (1408 words)

	The Harmonic Telegraph
		The system is a development of Elisha Gray's original electro-harmonic or electro acoustic multiplex telegraph, the early history of which is familiar to all who are at all acquainted with the investigations which led to the invention of the first speaking telephone.
		The tones of the harmonic telegraph are produced by the vibration of steel reeds operated by electro-magnets, the pitch of the tone produced being determined by the number of vibrations the reed makes in a second.
		It is hoped that the harmonic system will ultimately make possible the simultaneous sending of four or five messages both ways on a single wire; in other words, four tone messages and one ordinary Morse message in each direction, or ten in all.
	www.telegraph-office.com /pages/harmonic.html (555 words)

	Broad Band Harmonic Filter Power Quality Solution Company (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Because of the generation and flow of harmonics, the root mean square of the current magnitude is increased and the voltage drop across various elements by the respective harmonics existing in the system results.
		The optimum choice typically lies in eliminating certain specific harmonics so that the remaining harmonics in the system are of such a low level that they do not interfere with the operation of the electrical system.
		When system voltages of (60 Hz) wave form is distorted by harmonic voltages it is generally referred to as a voltage distortion.
	www.broadbandharmonicfilter.net (2950 words)

	Do Not Mix Standard Shunt Capacitor Banks With Harmonic Filter Banks
		This technical note presents the reasons why shunt capacitor banks and harmonic filter banks should not be applied together on an industrial or utility power system when a voltage transformation or significant impedance does not exist between them.
		There is a misconception that the harmonic filter bank will absorb the harmonic currents away from the capacitor banks and prevent the harmful effects of harmonic resonance.
		The parallel resonance created by the harmonic filter is not usually of concern because it occurs at a harmonic order where there are no harmonic currents being produced by the load.
	www.nepsi.com /donotmix.htm (1262 words)

	Harmonics
		The Electrical System Harmonic Program is used for lighting system retrofit or upgrades, expansions or upgrades of sensitive electronic equipment, or other investments in new electronic technology advances.
		the present electrical system harmonic profile for modeling and predictability of the electrical system's response to the proposed changes.
		Harmonic monitoring is performed using a graphic power line data acquisition instrument for recording and analyzing electrical system operating information.
	www.poweredgetech.com /HarmonicsFrame1Source1.htm (499 words)

	PQ Corner: Power Factor Correction and Harmonic Resonance: A Volatile Mix
		Generally, harmonic resonance is a steady-state phenomenon triggered by an event in which the harmonic source changes or the source impedance or capacitor size changes, such as if capacitors are switched on or off in steps.
		The characteristic harmonics normally decrease as frequency increases — the 5th should be higher than the 7th, the 7th higher than the 11th, and so on.
		Harmonic resonance can be evident in the voltage measurement, but it may not be as obvious or significant.
	ecmweb.com /powerquality/electric_power_factor_correction_3 (1235 words)

	Healing Treatments - Harmonic Medicine Sedona, Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chiropractic Medicine.
		Generally harmonic medicine is incorporated into our other services, but is used alone also as a needle-less method of affecting the acupuncture energy system.
		This centuries old medical system helps to bring the energy of the body into balance by the insertion of ultra thin needles into acupuncture points on the meridian energy grid of the body.
		The Acutonics® system of sound healing forms the foundation for all our work because it allows us to help choreograph the dance of the atoms and molecules to better integrate other therapies (chiropractic, acupuncture) to penetrate more deeply to participate in the healing dance.
	www.whispering-dragon.com /healing.html (732 words)

	Power system harmonic analysis
		The fundamental frequency of the power system is a nominal figure that represents a long-term average but not necessarily an accurate short-term condition.
		When the harmonic frequencies match the discrete frequencies of an FFT exactly, the harmonics appear as a precise "picket fence" in the spectrum, with intermediate frequency terms zero, as in the following plot.
		After frequency drift shifts the harmonic frequencies so that they no longer align to the frequencies specifically analyzed by the FFT, the FFT attempts to represent them as an artificial combination of the analyzed frequencies.
	www.mstarlabs.com /apeng/integration/harmon.html (1830 words)

	Chinese Music Society of North America - Chinese Music Monograph Series (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The primary difference between musical systems of different culture is their preference for intervals, and thus a difference in the breadth of their harmonic sy stem.
		The same harmonic intervals which are the basis of the Chinese harmonic system were found to appear prominently in the design of the overtone structure of the ancient dual-pitched bronze zhong bell s (see Shen, 1987).
		The same harmonic intervals are completely utilized in the design of Chinese silk and bamboo musical instruments, and in particular, is the basis for string tuning on the qin, the sanxian, the zheng, the pipa, the erhu, the tuoyin erhu, the matouqin, the zhuihu, the jinghu, the banhu, the liuqin, and the ruan family.
	chinesemusic.net /book_instruments_acoustics.asp (918 words)

	4.1 Harmonic Oscillator
		Given the analogous nature of the two systems, it should be possible to perform a parallel analysis of the simple harmonic oscillator and the logistic equation.
		The system is said to be under damped and exhibits transient behavior, oscillating at the damped frequency with an amplitude that decays exponentially.
		The final behavior of the system depended on the relation between the driving frequency and the natural frequency (and to a lesser extent the damping factor).
	hypertextbook.com /chaos/41.shtml (1136 words)

	What is a Harmonic Software System anyway?
		It represents an approach, a philosopy, a mindset for the software engineer who is striving to create a software system which meets the requirements of the customer and which is delivered on time as a working system.
		The start of the cycle, where the system is designed and explicitly defined, as to WHAT it will do, and HOW it will do it.
		The cycle may repeat as additional innovation is required to tweak the system to meet the specifications, to fix bugs or to move towards a new release or project.
	www.harmonicss.co.uk /harmonic.htm (430 words)

	The Harmonic Conquest of Space by Bruce Cathie
		The basic unit for harmonic calculation is the geodetic inch, or one seventy-two thousandth of a minute of arc—one minute of arc being 6,000 geodetic feet (6,076 British feet).
		The whole system of universal harmonics is based on the geometrics of the circle, the circumference of which can be divided by its radius into six equal parts.
		The square root of this number is 25.455844, the harmonic of which is found in the polar sections of the world grid system.
	www.whale.to /m/cathie.html (5714 words)

	UEA - Harmonic Filter
		Harmonic Filters should be applied as close as possible to the offending loads, preferably at the furthest three-to- single phase point of distribution.
		These calculations, which may be based on a measured harmonic profile or projected future maximum levels, must determine the impedances of all elements of the power system at each Harmonic Frequency and their load flows under all operating conditions.
		For distribution systems containing multiple panel sources of Harmonic Currents, calculations must be made to determine the required minimum number of filters, to optimize their location and to specify their ratings.
	www.uea.com /harmflng.htm (483 words)

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