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	Harry Blackmun (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Harry Andrew Blackmun (November 12, 1908 - March 4, 1999) was an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1970 to 1994.
		Harry Blackmun was born in Nashville, Illinois, on the 12th of November, 1908.
		Harry Blackmun retired from the Supreme court in 1994 and died March 4th, 1999, from complications of surgery.
	www.knowallabout.com /h/ha/harry_blackmun.html (272 words)

	Harry Blackmun
		Harry Blackmun was born in Illinois on November 12, 1908.
		In 1950, Blackmun became general counsel to the Mayo Clinic, where he remained until he was appointed to the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit in 1959.
		Blackmun was initially dubbed one of the "Minnesota Twins," for he and fellow Minnesotan Chief Justice Warren Burger voted alike in nearly all cases early in their careers at the Court.
	www.michaelariens.com /ConLaw/justices/blackmun.htm (414 words)

	Harry Blackmun Summary
		Blackmun was nominated for the Supreme Court by Richard Nixon on 4 April 1970, and was confirmed by the United States Senate later the same year.
		Blackmun, a lifelong Republican, was generally expected to adhere to a conservative interpretation of the constitution.
		Blackmun was sometimes reduced to being "a clerk for his clerks," performing the menial and prosaic task of checking his clerks' citations on opinions that they had written for him, a job normally reserved for clerks.
	www.bookrags.com /Harry_Blackmun (2655 words)

	Harry Blackmun
		Harry Blackmun, the former American Supreme Court judge who has died aged 90, was best known for his ruling in the 1973 case of Roe v Wade, which for the first time recognised a woman's constitutional right to abortion; his judgment ignited one of America's most explosive political debates.
		Blackmun's decision in the case relied on a controversial and broad interpretation of the Constitution.
		Blackmun claimed to find decisions involving the death penalty "particularly excruciating", since he was not convinced of the propriety of capital punishment, or of its effectiveness as a deterrent.
	www.derbydeadpool.co.uk /deadpool1999/obits/blackmun.html (914 words)

	Harry Blackmun - dKosopedia
		Harold Andrew Blackmun (November 12, 1908 – March 4, 1999) was an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1970 to 1994.
		Blackmun, however, insisted his political opinions should have no bearing on the death penalty's Constitutionality, and dissented in the cases consolidated with Gregg that invalidated mandatory death penalty statutes.
		Blackmun retired from the Supreme Court in 1994 and died in 1999, from complications from hip replacement surgery.
	www.dkosopedia.com /index.php/Harry_Blackmun (971 words)

	Harry Blackmun, David Kopel, Independence Institute (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Blackmun made a big point of portraying himself as a champion of "the little person." And Blackmun was a strong supporter of the rights of persons (such as prisoners and the mentally ill), whom that government had confined against their will.
		Blackmun was praised for being a "fact-based," "pragmatic" judge.
		Harry Blackmun was a pragmatist who stuck closely to the facts of the matter before him.
	www.davekopel.com /Misc/OpEds/blackmun.htm (1112 words)

	Blackmun, Harry Andrew - MSN Encarta
		Harry Andrew Blackmun (1908-1999), associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1970 to 1994.
		Blackmun served on the circuit court until 1970, when Nixon appointed him to the U.S. Supreme Court.
		In his early decisions, Blackmun’s votes on cases closely paralleled those of Chief Justice Warren Burger and supported the authority of government over the rights of the individual.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761558565/Blackmun_Harry_Andrew.html (529 words)

	Harry Blackmun Biography \| Encyclopedia of World Biography
		Harry A. Blackmun was born November 12, 1908, in Nashville, Illinois, but spent his youth in the Minneapolis-St. Paul area of Minnesota where his father, Corwin Manning Blackmun, was a businessman.
		Blackmun found women's fundamental right to personal privacy in the Fourteenth Amendment's concept of personal liberty affording a woman protection in determining whether or not to terminate her pregnancy.
		Although Blackmun was frequently harrassed and assailed by anti-abortionists, he retained his composure and dignity and, in the process, much public respect.
	www.bookrags.com /biography/harry-blackmun (944 words)

	Harry A. Blackmun Papers (Library of Congress)
		The papers of Harry A. Blackmun, lawyer, judge, and associate justice of the United States Supreme Court, were given to the Library of Congress by Blackmun in 1997 and physically transferred in 1999 and 2000.
		Blackmun's role in developing a uniform listing is documented in the “docket sheets” file of the Subject File subseries of the Supreme Court File.
		Also documented in the Addition is Blackmun's nomination to the United States Court of Appeals, security investigations by the FBI into threats against Blackmun, inquiries made by the bureau after the shooting into his apartment in 1985, and security arrangements for some of his trips.
	www.loc.gov /rr/mss/text/blackmun.html (4062 words)

	[No title]
		More than anything, Harry A. Blackmun will be remembered for writing the landmark 1973 Supreme Court decision Roe vs. Wade that made abortion legal throughout the U.S. Upon his retirement in 1994, he observed "It was a step that had to be taken...
		Blackmun wrote the decision on behalf of the 7-2 majority declaring that the right to privacy "is broad enough to encompass a woman's decision whether or not to terminate a pregnancy.
		Harry Blackmun is survived by his wife, Dorothy, three daughters, Nancy, Sally and Susan, and five grandchildren.
	www.fwhc.org /blackmun.htm (948 words)

	Judge Harry Blackmun and Women's Rights
		Among Blackmun's files is an article from the Mayo alumni magazine by Dr. Jane E. Hodgson, a prominent Minnesota obstetrician and Mayo alumna who had been prosecuted for performing an abortion on a patient who contracted German measles early in pregnancy, a circumstance known to carry a high risk of birth defects.
		Blackmun was ''somewhat disturbed'' by the reference, he told Douglas, because in Roe itself, the court had explicitly deferred consideration of whether fathers had any rights in the abortion context.
		Blackmun and the other justices were extremely reluctant to place a label of sex discrimination even on a policy that involved pregnancy -- mandatory unpaid leaves for public schoolteachers before their pregnancies began to ''show'' -- and which struck most of them as troubling and unfair.
	faculty.gvsu.edu /cimitilm/blackmun.html (4279 words)

	Justice Blackmun Remembered: Recollections and Perspectives from his Law Clerks
		Justice Blackmun's greatest legacy is the model he provided, not only of humane judging, but of living in a world of uncertainty and injustice.
		In the wake of Justice Blackmun's death, much of the emphasis in the press is on his place in the history of the Supreme Court.
		Blackmun, once he arrived at home, he worked until she rang a bell signaling a 10-minute warning prior to dinner.
	jurist.law.pitt.edu /blackmun.htm (1446 words)

	Blackmun Sketches (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Harry Blackmun arrived at the Court in a blue Volkswagen Beetle.
		There was simply no way for Harry Blackmun, or anyone else, to escape the fact that when called upon, he had made the tough and enduring decisions on great matters.
		For all of us who knew or worked for Harry Blackmun, he was always there: always on the job, always at breakfast, always ready to talk about the Orioles or some injustice visited on our clients, always ready to listen to stories about our kids or our hopes for the future.
	www.tnstate.edu /cmcginnis/blackmunsketches.htm (2545 words)

	Online NewsHour: Taped Interviews of Supreme Court Justice Harry Blackmun -- March 4, 2004
		RAY SUAREZ: Supreme Court Justice Harry Blackmun sometimes called himself "the accidental justice." Two of Richard Nixon's high court nominees were blocked by the Senate before Nixon turned to the federal judge from Minnesota.
		JUSTICE HARRY BLACKMUN: Well, at the time, I don't think I felt much of anything in that respect, but as the furor developed and its integrity was attacked and upheld, certainly I came to that conclusion, and I feel strongly about it today.
		JUSTICE HARRY BLACKMUN: Justice Kennedy came in and talked to me about it, told me what was happening and that he was one of the three, which as far as I was concerned was a matter of great gratification.
	www.pbs.org /newshour/bb/law/jan-june04/blackmun_3-04.html (1917 words)

	NPR : Justice Blackmun's Papers
		Blackmun referred in the opinion to the emotional nature of the issue of abortion, violating advice he had received as a newcomer not to agonize in public about court decisions.
		Blackmun's papers, which include notes he and other justices jotted to each other during oral arguments, show a human, often humorous, side to the court.
		Blackmun papers' reveal for the first time that in 1992 Justice Anthony Kennedy was nearly a fifth vote to all but overturn Roe v.
	www.npr.org /news/specials/blackmun (856 words)

	Justice Harry A. Blackmun
		Blackmun was Nixon's third choice to fill the vacancy created when Justice Abe Fortas resigned under fire for having accepted a $20,000 fee from the family of a financier who went to prison.
		Blackmun, who had been a member of the 8th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals since 1959, was confirmed by a unanimous Senate vote.
		Blackmun also emerged in a new role -- the justice most intent on forcing the court to come to grips with the realities of the problems it was asked to resolve and with the real-world effects of those resolutions.
	members.aol.com /deathpool/obits99/blackmun.html (1037 words)

	CNN - 'Judicial giant' Blackmun dead at 90 - March 4, 1999
		Blackmun is considered one of the most controversial figures in the court's history.
		But it was his 1973 opinion written for the decision legalizing abortion that solidified Blackmun as a lightning rod of controversy for one of the nation's hottest ongoing topics.
		Harry Andrew Blackmun was born in 1908 in Nashville, Illinois, but was raised in St. Paul and Minneapolis, Minnesota.
	www.cnn.com /US/9903/04/blackmun.02 (690 words)

	Papers of Justice Harry A. Blackmun
		Justice Blackmun's final term in office, life after the Supreme Court, satisfaction in life and career, choosing Supreme Court justices, the justices he served with, oral argument at the Court, opinions and dissents he authored, his law clerks and personal staff.
		Justice Blackmun was appointed to the Supreme court by Pres.
		Blackmun directed that his papers not be opened to the public until five years after his death, which occurred in 1999.
	www.c-span.org /courts/blackmun.asp (618 words)

	Roe author Harry Blackmun dies at 90 - Interim, April 1999
		Blackmun, who was appointed to the Supreme Court by Richard Nixon in 1970, gained infamy as the author of the 1973 Roe vs. Wade decision, which legalized abortion in all 50 states and has since led to the deaths of tens of millions of unborn children.
		The legacy of Blackmun is that Roe vs. Wade became the decisive point in time when Americans formally replaced their old morality with a new one; when they cast out the God of their fathers for the god of this world; when they made the womb the most dangerous place for an American to be!
		Blackmun was not acting alone, nor was he some loose cannon on the ship of state.
	www.theinterim.com /1999/april/21roeau.html (766 words)

	News Analysis: Justice Harry Blackmun's legacy will endure, expert on Supreme Court abortion rulings says (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		After the death last week of retired U.S. Supreme Court Justice Harry A. Blackmun, who wrote the 1973 opinion legalizing abortion, Appleton reflected on Blackmun's role in Supreme Court cases involving reproductive rights and his broader place in history.
		Blackmun, who was appointed to the Supreme Court in 1970 by President Richard M. Nixon and served on the nation's highest court for 24 years, died at age 90.
		Appleton noted that Blackmun will be remembered for showing an uncommon and sincere sensitivity to the people whose lives hinged on decisions of the court.
	record.wustl.edu /archive/1999/03-11-99/articles/blackmun.html (411 words)

	TIME.com Print Page: Nation -- Retired Supreme Court Justice Harry Blackmun Dies at 90 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		WASHINGTON: Harry A. Blackmun, one of the most controversial Supreme Court Justices in American history, has died at age 90 from complications stemming from hip surgery.
		Appointed to the bench in 1970 by Richard Nixon, Blackmun, a lifelong Republican, will nonetheless be remembered for his liberal instincts, most famously his 1973 majority opinion that legalized abortion.
		Blackmun himself received some 60,000 pieces of hate mail (all of which he read) that called him a murderer and an agent of genocide.
	www.time.com /time/nation/printout/0,8816,20900,00.html (379 words)

	A Tribute to Harry Blackmun (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Justice Blackmun’s life on and off the Court reflects a deep passion for protecting the disadvantaged and oppressed.
		In the true common law tradition, Justice Blackmun was interested in the stories behind the cases that came before the Supreme Court.
		In a case of an abused child and an unresponsive child protection agency, Justice Blackmun bemoaned "poor Joshua!" Similarly eloquent and empathetic in protesting the Court’s decision to uphold a state’s denial of Medicaid funding for abortions, Justice Blackmun focused on the "individual woman.
	www.law.harvard.edu /alumni/bulletin/backissues/summer99/article7.html (585 words)

	MNHS.ORG \| Library \| History Topics \| Harry Blackmun
		Harry Blackmun was born in 1908 in Illinois, but his family soon moved to Minnesota.
		Blackmun became the resident counsel for the Mayo Clinic in 1950, a capacity in which he served until 1959 when he was appointed to the Eighth Circuit of the U.S. Court of Appeals.
		His dealings with Blackmun were not extensive, but one item of interest in his papers is a collection of notes taken by Lange about a visit to Spring Lake he made with Blackmun.
	www.mnhs.org /library/tips/history_topics/125harry_blackmun.html (647 words)

	'Becoming Justice Harry Blackmun: Harry Blackmun's Supreme Court Journey,' by Linda Greenhouse (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		We also learn that Blackmun's renunciation of the death penalty in 1994 was the product of lobbying by his clerks, who drafted an opinion, in generic form, well before the justice selected a case in which to deploy it.
		In the 1970s, Blackmun noted the few female lawyers to appear before the court by their attire and found the America Civil Liberties Union's test cases for gender equality contrived and really rather small potatoes.
		His respect for his old friend was slowly drained by Burger's pomposity (instructing fellow justices on presidential inauguration attire), antics (assigning himself decisions even when he was in the minority), and ineptitude (writing muddy opinions that were sniggeringly lampooned by other justices), and the two had painful rows over contentious cases.
	www.post-gazette.com /pg/05142/508030.stm (810 words)

	History News Network
		The ghost of Supreme Court Justice Harry A. Blackmun will be back in the news this week, five years after his death and more than 30 years after he wrote the momentous and still-disputed Roe vs. Wade opinion that legalized abortion.
		...Blackmun had been on the court less than two years when the justices took up a challenge to a Texas law that made all abortions a crime.
		By the late 1970s, Blackmun had split away from the conservative Burger, a boyhood friend from St. Paul, and aligned himself with the liberal Justice William J. Brennan, an Eisenhower appointee.
	hnn.us /roundup/entries/3826.html (841 words)

	Deconstructing Harry Blackmun
		As Kalman writes, “Blackmun, who sat on the court for 24 years, kept everything from hotel receipts to private exchanges between justices in many of the 3,875 cases in which he participated; and he sat for 38 hours of videotaped interviews with his former clerk Harold Hongju Koh, now the dean of Yale Law School.
		When it came to buffing their father’s already highly polished image, Blackmun’s daughters were every bit as shrewd as their father had been during his long career on the bench.
		Those who challenge Blackmun’s full-throttle, pedal-to-the-metal jurisprudence, which careened from one flimsy justification for abortion to another, are responsible for his bitterness and his all-out militant advocacy.
	www.nrlc.org /news/2005/NRL06/Edittwo.html (1206 words)

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