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Topic: Hatra

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	Ancient Hatra (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		In the very centre of Hatra lies the temple complex dedicated to several Hatrene gods, the chief of which was the sun god Shamash.
		Hatra could therefore be seen as the furthest extent of the empire at that time.
		This is merely a selection of the photography of Hatra which he sent to me. It is only due to the constraints of website traffic that I have to concentrate on what I deemed the most spectacular and intriguing shots.
	www.roman-empire.net /articles/article-036.html (651 words)

	Hatra_txt
		Hatra, is an ancient city lying at three kms to the west of Wadi Al-Tharthar, and 105 kms to the south west of Mosul.
		Many of Hatra´s monuments such as places, temples and enclosure walls are constructed in limestone and gypsum, and there iss no other ancient city in Iraq built to this extent in limestone.
		The inscriptions in Hatra are in the same alphabet used by Arabs in Palmyra and other Arab cities: it is the Aramaic which spread in most regions of the ancient East.
	home.12move.dk /~ayoub/hatratxt.htm (755 words)

	Iranica.com - HATRA
		It was in the period between those failed sieges at the beginning and the end of the 2nd century that Hatra reached the peak of its prosperity and became one of the most beautiful cities in the East.
		That the city of Hatra was conquered in 240-41 (either by Ardaæir or during his co-regency with his son ˆa@p@ur I) is clear now from the unambiguous evidence of the Cologne Mani Codex, which puts that event into the same year when Ardaæir's son ˆa@p@ur was crowned as co-regent (Cologne Mani Codex 18.2-8).
		As already mentioned, Hatra flourished in the 2nd century, which was made possible by the weakness of the Arsacid Empire and Hatra's (at least temporary) role as a buffer state between the two great powers in the East and the West.
	www.iranica.com /articles/v12f1/v12f1057.html (2272 words)

	Hatra
		The archeological site of Hatra near Mosul is suffering more damage than time can inflict by daily explosions at a nearby ammunition dump.
		The full extent of Saddam Husseinâs terror on Iraq and in particular towards the Kurds was demonstrated once again near the ancient town of Hatra in northern...
		According to the report, the grave was discovered near the town of Hatra, in northwestern Iraq.
	conservation.mongabay.com /Hatra.htm (257 words)

	Hatra, Iraq
		Hatra, the City of the Sun god, and the perfect ruin, or as Arabs say: Hadhar, is one of Iraq's few stone reserved monuments, a site that will be loved unreservedly and at first sight, because of its stunning beauty.
		Although archeologists possess few texts that tells about the obscure beginnings of Hatra, it seems things started with a smallish Assyrian settlement which then grew sometime in the 3rd century BC to become a fortress and a trading center.
		The latter whose title was King of the Arabs as inscriptions discovered in 1961 reveals and who, it seems, completed the Temple of Shamash (the Sun God), was succeeded by his son Abd Samya (190-200 AD), who in turn was succeeded by his son Sanatruq II (200-241 AD), the last Arab king of the city.
	www.atlastours.net /iraq/hatra.html (408 words)

	Middle East Online
		The colossal palaces of Hatra, capital of the first Arab kingdom, as well as sanctuaries devoted to the sun, stars and the eagle and fine stonework have nonetheless conserved their original grandeur.
		Considered by some as the leading monument of ancient Mesopotamian cultures, Hatra was a major staging post on the famous oriental silk road and prospered from the international caravan traffic.
		Hatra is "like my child" (he has five others), he said, more important than his own life.
	www.middle-east-online.com /english?id=5229=5229&format=0 (658 words)

	New prestige class - Hatra (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Hatra use special saddles for these mounts, that allow them to use their Leaping Strike while mounted.
		If the hatra is riding his special mount, he or she may leap from her mount.
		In addition, the hatra can no longer be flanked as he can react to opponents on opposite sides of himself as easily as he can react to a single attacker.
	www.mystaranet.jamm.com /vaults/html/hatra.html (630 words)

	GN Online: American troops create 'The Exorcist Experience' in the ancient city of Hatra
		Hatra For a country recently purged of its chief tormentor, it is perhaps a grimly appropriate theme for its first new tourist attraction.
		They now plan to help locals put the 2,000-year-old city of Hatra back on the international tourist map by marketing it as a future holiday destination to fans of the cult movie.
		To his astonishment, he spotted Hatra's distinctive skyline in Director William Friedkin's opening sequence, in which a priest at an archaeology dig unearths the ancient Mesopotamian demon that goes on to possess a young American girl.
	www.gulfnews.com /Articles/news.asp?ArticleID=107254 (675 words)

	Bibliography Page 3
		Five bronze coins, two of Hatra, one Parthian, and two 'Abbasid, and a Seleucid drachm were found in the excavations and are illustrated.
		"The Excavation of Shrine XIII at Hatra" (1990)
		Abstract: The city of Hatra and its remains are often described by archaeologists and cultural historians as part of the Parthian culture.
	www.parthia.com /webreport_3.htm (1649 words)

	Irak - UNESCO-Kulturerbe Hatra
		Hatra war, was Architektur, Skulptur, Metallarbeiten und Kriegskünste betraf, nicht weniger entwickelt als Rom.
		Jahrhundert nach Christus und stellt König Sanatruq I. dar, einen der Herren von Hatra.
		Dass sich Hatra mehr auf das östliche Erbe als auf die griechische Kultur bezog, belegen die zahlreichen in der Ruinenstadt gefundenen Inschriften, die in aramäischer Schrift - in der Reichssprache des durch Alexander den Grossen niedergerungenen Perserreiches - niedergelegt worden sind.
	www.g26.ch /texte_irak_geschichte_10.html (1220 words)

	Hatra
		Hatra is a fortress-like town in the barren desert area in north-west Iraq, between Mosul and Samarra.
		The Hatra era lasted from about 400 BC to AD 300, and was at its height during the first century AD.
		The center of Hatra consists of a group of temples.
	www.roland-collection.com /rolandcollection/section/2/24.htm (244 words)

	Hatra (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		HATRA, Iraq - Over 2,000 years ago, this thriving Mesopotamian oasis city welcomed caravans of camels carrying travelers between East and West, twice held back...
		One flight to Hatra, a village north of Baghdad noteworthy for its Roman ruins, vividly illustrated to him why Saddam Hussein needed to be toppled.
		In Hatra, controlled detonations at an ammunition dump are damaging nearby Hellenistic, Roman, and Islamic-period buildings.
	www.conservation.mongabay.com /news/Hatra.htm (486 words)

	Archived conservation news articles on Hatra
		With the memorable failure of the Roman Army before the key caravan city of Hatra in Iraq in 116 AD.and the death of Trajan in 117 AD, his successor Hadrian...
		A terra cotta statue of a lion and a statue of a woman from Hatra both suffered attempted beheadings with blunt instruments.
		A piece of history is made available again to the world in Al Hatra, Iraq, where ruins of a Heron civilization have opened again to tourists and archeologists.
	conservation.mongabay.com /files/Hatra.htm (645 words)

	Ancient Hatra of the Parthian Empire in Iraq
		Hatra is a large fortified city in the barren desert area in northwest Iraq between Mosul and Samarra.
		Hatra was under the influence of the Parthian Empire and then capital of the first Arab Kingdom.
		Although the earliest phases of its history remain unknown it can perhaps be considered the most important extant monument to the ancient Mesopotamian cultures.
	ancientneareast.tripod.com /Hatra.html (173 words)

	Hatra, World Heritage site in Iraq: UNESCO Culture Sector
		A large fortified city under the influence of the Parthian Empire and capital of the first Arab Kingdom, Hatra withstood invasions by the Romans in A.D. 116 and 198 thanks to its high, thick walls reinforced by towers.
		Hatra was inscribed on the World Heritage List in 1985 under criteria C (ii) (iii) (iv) (vi).
		Today Hatra, which remains mostly unexcavated, is in a very worrying state of conservation.
	portal.unesco.org /culture/en/ev.php@URL_ID=8579&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html (250 words)

	accessory bath hatra (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The strength of Hatra was great, as had been proved by Trajan and Severus;...
		At Hatra, in the middle Mesopotamian region, an Arab dynasty,...
		hatra iraq ·; accessory bath porcelain · don english giovanni translation · free hardcore gallery · designer dress name wedding · dell 720 printer ink...
	www.bath-and-beds-2005-2006.com /42/accessory-bath-hatra.html (385 words)

	Culture Without Context: Hatra statue and fakes (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		According to reports of the Department of Antiquities in Iraq, Hatra has been looted a number of times in the last five years, and several other statues and reliefs stolen from the site have been successfully retrieved by Iraqi officials.
		Of the three pieces offered together with the Hatra statue, one, a rectangular relief with three standing frontal male figures and a Palmyrene inscription along the base (Fig.
		The head of the central figure is surrounded by a corona of rays which may mark him as the god Aglibol, and he is flanked by two figures wearing helmets and carrying shields.
	www.mcdonald.cam.ac.uk /IARC/cwoc/issue2/hatra.htm (785 words)

	arquinauta : noticias (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Hatra era un eslabón de una antigua cadena de ciudades árabes como Palmira, en Siria; Petra, en Jordania, y Baalbek, en el Líbano, según explica un directorio turístico publicado por el gobierno iraquí.
		Hatra ha sobrevivido a los siglos porque es uno de los pocos monumentos antiguos construidos de piedra en Irak.
		Las excavaciones comenzaron en Hatra, llamada al-Hadhar por los iraquíes, a principios de la década de 1950, pero sólo un 15 por ciento del lugar ha sido desenterrado, principalmente 14 templos.
	www.arquinauta.com /x/noticias/noticia.php?id_not=115 (1028 words)

	Telegraph \| News \| American troops launch 'Exorcist' tour at ancient temple
		They now plan to help locals put the 2,000-year-old city of Hatra back on the international tourist map by marketing it as a future holiday destination to fans of the cult film.
		Saddam would no doubt have admired Hatra's defensive record against invading superpowers, which involved using early forms of chemical and biological weapons.
		The city was left in ruins after it was sacked and burnt by Sapor, the Sassanian Persian king, in AD 241.
	www.telegraph.co.uk /news/main.jhtml?xml=/news/2004/01/04/wirq104.xml&sSheet=/news/2004/01/04/ixnewstop.html (763 words)

	Hatra Ketch 24M yacht for sale in Southern Spain
		Hatra Ketch 24M yacht for sale in Southern Spain
		This Hatra Ketch 24M yacht for sale in Southern Spain was built for the owner's personal use, this vessel was originally made to Germanischer Lloyd 100A5 steel construction and was given a major refit in 1996/7.
		Her interior is a step into the world of the classic luxury yacht of a bygone age with rich Afromosa panelling, wool carpets and exquisite soft furnishings.
	www.spanishpropertyworld.com /hatra_ketch_24m_yacht_for_sale_in_southern_spain.htm (253 words)

	Hatra - netlexikon (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Hatra, Hauptstadt eines mesopotamischen Kleinfürstentums im Arsakidenreich, ist aufgrund seiner Denkmälerfülle einer der aussagefähigsten Fundorte der Partherzeit und gehört zum Weltkulturerbe der UNESCO.
		Jahrhundert nach Christus ein von nomadischen Stämmen getragenes, städtisches Zentrum heraus, Hatra.
		Die Funktion Hatras wird dabei als dimorph, als Bindeglied zwischen Nomaden und Staat, beschrieben.
	www.lexikon-definition.de /Hatra.html (217 words)

	Hatra - World Heritage Site - Pictures, info and travel reports (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Hatra was added to the World Heritage List as the first site in Iraq.
		Hatra is located in the Al-Jazirah region of present-day northern Iraq, 180 miles (290 km) northwest of Baghdad.
		As centre of the Parthian empire, it flourished during the 1st and 2nd centuries BC.
	worldheritagesite.org /sites/hatra.html (221 words)

	KeepMedia \| Newsweek: They're History
		The discovery was made south of Mosul, in the ruins of a desert fortress at Hatra.
		They're clay pots once filled with scorpions and dropped on the heads of invaders by the citizens of Hatra at the turn of the third century.
		That era's siege of Hatra by the Romans lasted just 20 days before the enemy turned tail.
	keepmedia.com /pubs/Newsweek/2003/10/06/319957?extID=10037&oliID=229 (144 words)

	Stryker Brigade News: Civil Affairs helps uncover the past at Hatra (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Located about 80 kilometers southwest of the city of Mosul, Hatra is the most restored of all the historic sites in Ninevah Province due to previous efforts of the Iraqi government before Saddam Hussein.
		Bowen noted that only 10 percent of Hatra has been excavated to date, so 90 percent of the city is still waiting to be discovered.
		Wayne Bowen of the 416th Civil Affairs Battalion, standing atop the highest temple in Hatra, surveys the area as the Ninevah Director of Antiquities, Muzahim Mahmood (right), points out whole sections of the ancient city still waiting to be excavated.
	www.strykernews.com /archives/2004/09/28/civil_affairs_helps_uncover_the_past_at_hatra.html (814 words)

	Hatra -- Hatra is een archeologische locatie in Irak. Hatra werd al door ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Hatra -- Hatra is een archeologische locatie in Irak.
		Hatra werd al door de Parthen gebouwd en was tijdelijke de hoofdstad van het Arabische Rijk.
		Het lukte de Romeinse keizer Trajanus niet Hatra te veroveren.
	hatra.nl.tracking24.net (53 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Middle East \| Babies found in Iraqi mass grave
		US-led investigators have located nine trenches in Hatra containing hundreds of bodies believed to be Kurds killed during the repression of the 1980s.
		The dig at Hatra, where a makeshift morgue has been erected, was due to be completed on Wednesday.
		Iraq adopts its constitution which is almost derailed by a strong Sunni 'no' vote.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/middle_east/3738368.stm (478 words)

	World Heritage Sites: Hatra (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		I am only proud to be Iraqi is because Hatra is standing on the soil of my country.
		Wel, the reason Hatra is\was beautiful, is the great Persian culture.
		You can log in now using this convenient form or you can create a new account.
	www.redtailcanyon.com /items/13317.aspx (127 words)

	In the North of Iraq: Mosul's Museum, Hatra, and Nimrud
		Many other pieces were heavily damaged, including a life-sized stone lion from the Hellenic site of Hatra, south of Mosul, which the looters threw down and cracked in several places.
		The army sent about a dozen soldiers to guard Hatra, a site dating from the first century B.C. south of Mosul, after looters hacked out a face carved at the apex of a stone archway.
		"So I don't know how long we can keep forces here." Guards at Hatra have automatic rifles, he said, but they are terrified of actually firing them at looters because they fear reprisals.
	www.archaeology.org /online/features/iraq/mosul.html (1297 words)

	#69b-Hatra (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The Hatra joined the range in 1965 and was made in orange or yellow.
		The orange version could have orange or red plastic wheels and grey or fl tyres.
		It is very common but the red wheeled variation is hard to find.
	www.users.globalnet.co.uk /~jones/1index/69bhatra.htm (51 words)

	Resources on the Hatra from academic institutions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		[Iraqcrisis] ordnance detonation at Hatra:...[Iraqcrisis] ordnance detonation at Hatra.
		Frank Stella: Frank Stella - Hatra I a/c 10' x 20' 1967.
		Heritage of Persia: The fortress town of Hatra which had repulsed the Romans on various occasions
	mongabay.org /conservation/Hatra.htm (602 words)

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