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	Encyclopedia: Hausa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Hausa are an ancient culture that had an extensive coverage area, and long ties to the Arabs.
		The Hausa have been Muslim since the 14th century, and have converted many other Nigerian tribes to the Muslim faith by contact, trade, and jihads.
		From the sixteenth to start of the nineteenth century the Hausa federation, a loose union of city states were an important regional power.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Hausa (166 words)

	HAUSA - LoveToKnow Article on HAUSA
		There is a certain amount of resemblance between the Hausa language and that spoken by the Berbers to the south of Tripoli and Tunis.
		It is the only language in tropical Africa which has been redficed to writing by the natives themselves, unless the Vai alphabet, introduced by a native inventor in the interior of Liberia in the first half of the 19th century be excepted; the character used is a modified form of Arabic.
		The Hausa who profess Mahommedanism are extremely ignorant of their own faith, and what little religious fanaticism exists is chiefly confined to the Fula.
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /H/HA/HAUSA.htm (1146 words)

	Hausa People
		Origin myths among the Hausa claim that their founder, Bayajidda, came from the east in an effort to escape his father.
		The rise of the Hausa states occurred between 500 and 700 A.D., but it was not until 1200 that they really began to control the region.
		According to tradition, Islam was brought to Hausa territory by Muhommad Al-Maghili, an Islamic cleric, teacher, and missionary, who came from Bornu toward the end of the 15th century.
	www.uiowa.edu /~africart/toc/people/Hausa.html (559 words)

	Len Milich: Hausa Coping Options
		The Hausa were aware of their own vulnerability to drought and famine, and ordered their domestic goals to avoid starvation and ensure their capacity for agriculture.
		Hausa households functioned as a single unit for the production and consumption of food, the payment of taxes, the provision of the tools and seeds necessary in agriculture, and the acquisition of brides for male members.
		Virtually all Hausa households attempted to cultivate at least a portion of their food requirement; exactly how much varied from year to year, and depended on the household demands for cash and liquidity.
	ag.arizona.edu /~lmilich/afoodsec.html (1987 words)

	[No title]
		Thus the term "Hausa" is now normally used to refer to both the original Habe population and the settled, acculturated Fulbe ruling aristocracy.
		The modern Hausa of Nigeria are mainly concentrated in the provinces of Kano, Katsina, Sokoto, and Zaria.
		Among the Muslim Hausa, participation in spirit possession cults, limited to women and members of the lower strata, is indicative of the persistence of some of the more traditional Hausa religious beliefs.
	lucy.ukc.ac.uk /EthnoAtlas/Hmar/Cult_dir/Culture.7844 (1456 words)

	Hausa Religious Beliefs and Structure (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Islam is the predominate religion of the Hausa, with 99.9% adhering to it.
		Hausa believe that Allah grants eternal life to those who are faithful to Islam, but they do not know where or how this eternal life takes place.
		Hausa believe that God is in heaven, but they do not believe that when people die, that they will go to heaven.
	www.hausamissions.org /Facts/ReligiousBeliefs.aspx (1386 words)

	Amana Online
		Secondly, ascendancy to the Hausa throne is by inheritance.
		AIG Ali Jos is the son of Alhaji Inuwa Ali, one of the strongholds of Hausa tyranny in Jos.
		Let the Hausa “sojourners and strangers” accept their natural status that they may be accorded the privileges (but not right) of the homeborn they had enjoyed for long before they got demented with jealousy and malice.
	www.amanaonline.com /Articles/art_816.htm (4750 words)

	Kano Online - Articles
		Thus from 1933 when the first set of Hausa novels were published, we have witnessed the emergence of second and third generation of Hausa novelists and finally in the mid 1980s the fourth generation emerged.
		Hausa play and poetry has declined it is the novel that lives on as even the short story genre has declined.
		Hausa poetry is today restricted to political campaigns periods and Hausa plays relegated to TV dramas and Home videos.
	www.kanoonline.com /publications/pr_articles_hausa_literary_movement.html (1659 words)

	Mythinglinks/AFRICA/Sub-Sahara: Hausa & Fulani Peoples of Niger, Nigeria, Mali
		Hausa was mostly a collection of agricultural settlements and trade centres with no real unity until the early nineteenth century.
		Only ethnic Hausa girls, and girls whose families originated in Kano were affected, even though the population of one school, a government college in Jigawa State, was mixed by ethnicity, religion and home residence....
		Today Hausa has about 40 million first- and second-language speakers, concentrated in Nigeria, where it is one of three national languages, and in Niger, where Hausas are the majority ethnic group....
	www.mythinglinks.org /afr~subsahara~HausaFulani.html (1910 words)

	John Benjamins: Book details for Hausa [LOALL 7]
		Hausa is a major world language, spoken as a mother tongue by more than 30 million people in northern Nigeria and southern parts of Niger, in addition to diaspora communities of traders, Muslim scholars and immigrants in urban areas of West Africa, e.g.
		Hausa is a member of the Chadic language family which, together with Semitic, Cushitic, Omotic, Berber and Ancient Egyptian, is a coordinate branch of the Afroasiatic phylum.
		The wealth of modern Hausa language data, comprehensive and detailed discussion of grammatical issues (with particular noteworthy chapters concerning the casual syntax and focalization) should also attract the attention of those who are teaching or studying Hausa.
	www.benjamins.com /cgi-bin/t_bookview.cgi?bookid=LOALL_7 (494 words)

	Hausa
		Hausa is the largest and best-known member of the Chadic subfamily of the Afro-Asiatic family of languages.
		Hausa has borrowed freely from other languages, especially Arabic, and is adapting well to the demands of contemporary cultural change.
		It has become a common language for millions of non-Hausa West Africans, and sizable Hausa-speaking communities exist in each major city of West and North Africa as well as along the trans-Saharan trade and pilgrimage routes.
	www.flw.com /languages/hausa.htm (132 words)

	Hausa -- Britannica Concise Encyclopedia - The online encyclopedia you can trust! (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		In the mid 14th century a confederation of Hausa states was formed, influenced by the spread of Islam from the Mali empire.
		Hausa society traditionally was, and to some extent continues to be, organized on a feudal basis.
		Hausa society is markedly hierarchical; the ranking, both of offices and social classes, is expressed in an elaborate etiquette.
	www.britannica.com /ebc/article-9366704?tocId=9366704 (839 words)

	African Studies Review: Creating Modernities through Conversation Groups: The Everyday Worlds of Hausa Migrants in ...
		Hausa understandings of modernity, like those of other people around the world, are marked by hybridization, creolization, and local appropriation of global symbolic resources, not global homogenization or Westernization.
		Hausa in Niamey are rigidly segregated by gender.
		But though Hausa women in Niamey have less time and freedom to pursue hira than Hausa men do, they relish their own hira groups, which meet in private spaces, and they use them as important resources for orienting their lives in Niamey.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa4106/is_200412/ai_n10298508 (1258 words)

	Hausa verbs conjugation (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Hausa is an Afro-Asiatic language of the Chadic group.
		Standard literary Hausa, based on the dialect of Kano, was formerly written in an Arabic-based alphabet but has been written in an orthography based on the Roman (Latin) alphabet since the early decades of the 20th century.
		Hausa verbs are not inflected for tense, person or number.
	www.verbix.com /languages/hausa.shtml (120 words)

	The Unreached Peoples Prayer Profiles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Hausa are originally from an area known as "Hausaland," a region covering 75,000 square miles and straddling the borders of Niger and Nigeria.
		Hausa women are given less educational opportunities than men and are required to marry while still very young.
		The Hausa of Cameroon, Chad, Cote d'Ivoire, Niger, and Nigeria.
	www.ksafe.com /profiles/p_code1/1805.html (792 words)

	The Unreached Peoples Prayer Profiles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Hausa are originally from "Hausaland," a region covering 75,000 square miles and straddling the borders of Niger and Nigeria.
		The Hausa are primarily farmers and shepherds, or as traders.
		The Hausa of Cameroon, Chad, Cote d'Ivoire, Ghana, and Nigeria.
	www.ksafe.com /profiles/p_code1/1809.html (792 words)

	AFRICA: ARCHITECTURE, NORTHERN NIGERIA (HAUSA) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The medieval Hausa rulers and merchants were converted to Islam and sponsored the building of mosques and universities, which became major centers of Islamic scholarship.
		Hausa rule remained in place until the nineteenth century, when the kings were deposed by rebellious subjects belonging to a different ethnic group, the Fulani.
		The Hausa decorate their buildings with sculpted surfaces, which are made of carving into wet clay after it has been applied to the outside of the building.
	www.davis-art.com /artimages/slidesets/slideset.asp?setnumber=001 (348 words)

	Hausa Language Page - Handbook of African Language Resources (ASC)(MSU)
		Hausa, which belongs to the Hausa-Gwandara subgroup of the Chadic branch of Afro-Asiatic, is spoken in a very large portion of West Africa.
		Hausa is a first language in the northern Nigerian states of Sokoto, Kaduna, Kano, and Bauchi.
		Hausa is spoken as a first language by Hausa, many Fula and Tuareg, and as a second language by most neighboring Hausa (Schuh, personal communication, 1985).
	www.isp.msu.edu /afrlang/Hausa_root.html (344 words)

	Teach Yourself Hausa Language, Learn to Speak hausa + BBC Service VOA Tribe & People Culture (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The largest native speaking population is in Northern Nigeria, where Hausa is the native language of the majority of the population and a universal lingua franca regardless of a speaker's first language.
		Northern Hausa (spoken in Katsina in Nigeria and Marad’ and Zinder in Niger),
		In Nigeria, standard Hausa are the most heard in broadcast media, including both Nigerian radio and television and international Hausa broadcasting, such as the BBC Hausa, Deutsche Welle, The Voice of America (VOA) Hausa, and others.
	www.teachyourselfhausa.com (1005 words)

	KAM Kanem Bornu and the Hausa Kingdoms
		Some have argued that the Hausa came from the north (southern Sahara), others from the east (Lake Chad), still others that the Hausa were the indigenous inhabitants of the region.
		The Hausa kingdoms, particularly after the influence of Islam, were closely allied with Kanem-Bornu to the east.
		Because of the military presence of Kanem-Bornu, the Hausa kingdoms were relatively stable and peaceful.
	www.geocities.com /CollegePark/Classroom/9912/kanemhausa.html (756 words)

	Hausa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Hausa Culture is located mostly in northwestern Nigeria and parts of southwestern Niger they call Hausaland.
		While most of the Hausa live in Hausaland, some of the people are found scattered from West Africa all the way to the Congo Republic settled temporarily as traders or sometimes even permanently.
		The Hausa grow a variety of crops and vegetables during the rainy season, mainly millet, maize, and sorghum over the 4 to 5 month span.
	www.mnsu.edu /emuseum/cultural/oldworld/africa/hausa.html (478 words)

	Hausa language, alphabets and pronunciation
		Hausa is a Chadic language with about 39 million speakers.
		Most of the early writing in Hausa was Islamic poetry or on Islamic themes.
		A version of Hausa written with the Latin alphabet and known as boko began to emerge during the 19th century.
	www.omniglot.com /writing/hausa.htm (269 words)

	AMINA OF HAUSALAND
		She is said to have created the only Hausa empire and to have led into battle a fierce army of horsemen.
		Before the separate Hausa states were established, this area of West Africa was ruled by a dynasty of queens--seventeen in all.
		Yet the Hausa are a tough people and the only explanation why for much of their history they were under outside domination must lie in the fact that they were split into these seven separate states.
	www.cwo.com /~lucumi/amina.html (592 words)

	SIM People Group Profile: Hausa
		Hausas have long been famous for wide-ranging itinerant trading, and wealthy merchants share the highest social positions with the politically powerful and the learned.
		In the early twentieth century, with the Hausa on the verge of overthrowing the Fulani, the British invaded northern Nigeria.
		Hausa society is extremely hierarchical, and all authority in large familial households lies in the hands of the eldest male member.
	www.sim.org /PG.asp?pgID=2&fun=1 (715 words)

	Elementary Hausa
		The aim of this course is to facilitate a student's ability to converse and work in Hausa, the lingua-franca of West Africa, as well as to fulfill the language requirements of the University and the African and African-American Studies Program.
		While the emphasis in elementary Hausa is on oral/aural capabilities, elementary grammar will be introduced, as well as the skills necessary for written communication at this level.
		These include Hausa primers, language charts, mathematics lessons in Hausa, and cultural materials, all of which will be supplied by the professor.
	www.ku.edu /~hausa/courses/elementary.html (648 words)

	AllRefer.com - Hausa (Peoples (except New World)) - Encyclopedia
		Hausa or Haussa[both: hou´su, –sA] Pronunciation Key, fl African ethnic group, numbering about 23 million, chiefly in N Nigeria and S Niger.
		The Hausa are almost exclusively Muslim and practice agriculture.
		In colonial Nigeria the traditional Hausa-Fulani social and political structure was largely maintained under the British policy of indirect rule.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/H/Hausa.html (249 words)

	Southern Baptists' Ministry To The Hausa Of West Africa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The ambition and goal of the Hausa Team of Niger is to plant a vibrant, growing, reproducing, indigenous New Testament church wherever there are Hausa people in Niger.
		The 28+ million Hausa are the largest ethnic group in Africa with a large majority living in Niger and Nigeria.
		In the "holy wars" of 1804 and 1808, the Hausa were conquered by the Fulani, their staunch Islamic neighbors.
	www.hausamissions.org /HausaMinistry.aspx (459 words)

	Hausa Folk-lore: Author's Note
		Now the literary skill of the Hausas, already referred to, led the writer to depart somewhat from the modus operandi employed in his Chinyanja folk-lore, the subject-matter of which was taken down from the lips of the raconteur.
		The Hausa given in the text is that of Kano or Sokoto, where by general consent the purest dialect is spoken.
		Some of the specimens of Hausa writing that have been reproduced from time to time are obviously the work of illiterate Hausas, or at best are very carelessly written manuscripts, and as such afford little criterion of the best work of these people.
	www.sacred-texts.com /afr/hausa/hau02.htm (1434 words)

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