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Topic: Hawaiian Hawk

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	[No title]
		Of 28 hawk nest sites found in 1980-1981, 15 were in 'ohi'a or 'ohi'a/koa forests, 5 were in pasturelands with scattered large 'ohi'a/koa trees, and 8 were in areas dominated with exotic vegetation (01).
		Hawks show a remarkable ability to utilize highly modified habitats such as pastureland and some agricultural areas which have trees for nesting and perching.
		Today, hawks utilize a wide variety of introduced and native prey items, and they are very versatile and adaptable in their feeding habits (01).
	fwie.fw.vt.edu /WWW/esis/lists/e101007.htm (3026 words)

	PI-Hawaiian Hawk
		The `Io is endemic to Hawai`i and was a symbol of royalty in Hawaiian legend.
		Hawaiian Hawks can be seen souring over or foraging in these changed areas but they typically do not nest in them.
		The Hawaiian Hawk was listed as an endangered species in 1967 under the Federal Endangered Species Act because little was known about this species and raptors worldwide were experiencing significant declines.
	www.fws.gov /pacificislands/wesa/io.html (702 words)

	Audubon WatchList - Hawaiian Hawk (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Hawaiian Hawk is found in a wide variety of habitats, from exotic forest and pastureland in the lowlands to native forest as high as 8,900 feet in elevation.
		Hawaiian Hawks show a strong preference for nesting in native 'ohi'a trees, but this tree species is almost completely absent on Hawai'i below an elevation of 2,000 feet, due to competition from introduced plants.
		However, based on the uncertainty that remains regarding Hawaiian Hawk's population trend, this proposal to downlist the species was later withdrawn, and additional population and breeding surveys were recommended.
	audubon2.org /webapp/watchlist/viewSpecies.jsp?id=101 (819 words)

	Audubon WatchList - Hawaiian Crow
		Hawaiian Crow was listed as an Endangered Species in 1967, and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service prepared a Recovery Plan for the species in 1989, but to date, efforts to increase the wild population through the release of captive-reared birds have been unsuccessful.
		Hawaiian Crow previously was found in wet 'ohi'a-koa forest, scrub, and rangelands, but the few remaining birds are now restricted to high montane forest.
		Hawaiian Crows are social birds with family groups, and these family groups remain together until young birds are old enough to feed themselves.
	audubon2.org /webapp/watchlist/viewSpecies.jsp?id=98 (809 words)

	Buzzard - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In the Old World, members of this genus are named as "buzzards", but "hawk" is more common in North America.
		In parts of the United States where they are considered pest, particularly in rural areas, a derogatory term for certain birds of prey, such as the Chickenhawk (a common colloquial name referring to both the Red-tailed Hawk and the Cooper's Hawk), or the Duck hawk (known elsewhere as the Peregrine Falcon).
		Rarely, a derogatory term for any large bird that happens to be a scavenger, such as a raven or albatross (in other words, any large bird that is neither predatory nor flightless).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Buzzard (250 words)

	Draft Revised Recovery Plan for Hawaiian Forest Birds Available for Public Review (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Hawaiian forest birds and their habitats are now threatened by habitat degradation by feral domestic animals (pigs, goats, and deer); predation by introduced animals (rats, cats, and mongooses); avian disease (malaria and avian pox); habitat loss due to agriculture, ranching, forest cutting, urbanization; and expansion of invasive nonnative plant species into native dominated ecosystems.
		The desired objectives for each species are to restore populations to levels that allow the long-term survival of the species, to protect enough habitat to support these population levels, and to identify and remove the threats responsible for their endangered status.
		Hawaiian honeycreepers evolved from a finch-like ancestor in Hawaii through a process of adaptive radiation into an array of species with special feeding adaptations and habitat preferences.
	www.outdoorcentral.com /mc/pr/03/10/16a1.asp (793 words)

	`Iolani Palace Early History and David Kalakaua
		To enhance the prestige of Hawai`i overseas and to mark her status as a modern nation, the Hawaiian government appropriated funds to build a new palace.
		Fluent in Hawaiian and English, he was comfortable in both Hawaiian and Western society.
		The Merry Monarch Festival, a week-long festival of hula and Hawaiian culture, is held every year in his honor.
	iolanipalace.org /history (572 words)

	Hawai'i - Hawaiian Hawk
		Certainly in our visits to the forests of Kona, to see hawks wheeling about silently in the pale skies or to hear their piercing cries is an impressive and unforgetable thing.
		The Hawaiian saying "kaha ka ‘io i ka malie" translates as "the hawk stands out in the calm skies," and is used to denote admiration for a person who stands out in a crowd because of their appearance or charisma.
		The Hawaiian hawk is one of only two extant native birds of prey native to the Hawaiian Islands.
	nature.org /wherewework/northamerica/states/hawaii/science/art5162.html (524 words)

	Kohala Guide: Guide To The Kohala Region (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		An endangered species, with a population estimated to be in the hundreds, the Hawaiian Hawk is called 'Io by the Hawaiians.
		The hawk was then tenacious in refusing to give up the prize it had won, and proceeded to display threateningly when approached (still on the roadway).
		Iolani was a sacred hawk in Hawaiian mythology...
	www.kohala.net /kohalaguide/wildlife/hawk.html (247 words)

	Hawaii Volcanoes National Park - Nature & Science (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Most native animal species in the Hawaiian Archipelago are descendents of those that were able to fly here, such as birds, bats and insects; those light enough to be carried by birds, such as snails, some insects and spiders; and those blown here or washed ashore.
		The Hawaiian Islands are renowned in the scientific world for evolving the most spectacular land bird assemblage on a remote oceanic archipelago.
		Three endangered species, the nene, Hawaiian petrel and the hawksbill turtle are targeted for full recovery by the National Park Service and its partners who are actively engaged in restoring habitat, guarding nest sites, monitoring threats and population impacts and removing alien wildlife.
	www.nps.gov /havo/pphtml/animals.html (410 words)

	Iolani School - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		It was patronized by Kamehameha IV and Queen Emma who gave the school its name in 1870.
		Iolani in the Hawaiian language means heavenly hawk.
		On December 15, 1861, Lord Bishop Thomas Nettleship Staley arrived in Hawaii upon a joint request of Kamehameha IV and Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Iolani_School (591 words)

	[No title]
		Vis Oct-Mar Hawaiian Is. Res formerly Kiribati (Teraina).
		Acc Guadalupe I, Revillagigedo Is, Clipperton I. F: Hawaiian Is (Kauai: 4 at Hanalei NWR Mar, Lindsay).
		Vis mostly Oct-Apr Hawaiian Is, Wake I, Marshall Is, Mariana Is, Palau, Caroline Is (Truk).
	users.connections.net /silcock/6.htm (2291 words)

	predators (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The Hawaiian crow has many predators including the endangered Hawaiian hawk, dogs, cats and mongoose.
		As adults, the `alala are still prey to the Hawaiian hawk.
		Unfortunately, humans are also predators to the Hawaiian crow when we destroy the forests that they call home.
	www.k12.hi.us /~eles/endangered/animals/Alala/predators/predators.htm (81 words)

	Photo Resource Hawaii \| Search Results
		Hawaiian moorhen gallinula or alae ula, (gallinula chloropus sandvicensis)...
		Native Hawaiian forest bird, the omao or Hawaiian thrush, (myadestes obscu...
		Native Hawaiian owl, pueo in flight, a guardian or amakua to some Hawaiia...
	www.photoresourcehawaii.com /fotoshowpro/results.php?themes=7 (299 words)

	Delisting Petitions 1997 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		We hereby petition you to remove the Hawaiian hawk, Buteo solitarius, from the list of threatened and endangered species on the basis of data error.
		In the recovery plan's description of the Hawk's distribution one observer is cited as estimating the population (Orenstein, 1968) as being "in the low hundreds" but gave no basis for the estimation.
		Although USFWS has listed the Hawaiian hawk in budget justifications as early as FY92 as being a candidate for delisting it remains on the endangered species list.
	www.nwi.org /Petitions.html (5762 words)

	Organizational (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		HFIA is part of a cooperative research project which is gathering information on the endangered Hawaiian hoary bat and its habitat, in order to responsibly manage commercial forest lands which may contribute to bat habitat.
		The mission of the Maui Botanical Gardens is to foster an appreciation and understanding of the living Hawaiian islands of today, emphasizing Maui Nui (Maui, Molokai, Lanai and Kahoolawe) plants and providing a center for environmental education, Hawaiian cultural expression, conservation, biological study, and recreation.
		The mission of NHPS is to support the rescue and preservation of native Hawaiian plants, increase public awareness of native Hawaiian plants by working on projects cooperatively with governmental agencies, public and private groups and individuals, and to use the Maui Botanical Gardens and other resources for public education.
	www.hawaii.edu /scb/docs/orgupdate.html (15141 words)

	New Page 1
		Several million years ago, when Kaua`i was the youngest island in the Hawaiian archipelago, and Pele made her home in the caldera atop Mount Waialeale, a small flock of finches made landfall somewhere in the Hawaiian Islands, exhausted from their trans-Pacific journey.
		These forest birds were vitally important to the ancient Hawaiians, providing food, materials for clothing, items of religious and royal significance, and part of the framework upon which the Hawaiian culture developed.
		They are the most showy of the Hawaiian forest birds, with their fl feathers tipped with gray and orange, the orange back of its neck, and the distinctive white or golden crest of feathers above the shiny fl beak.
	www.hawaii-island.com /hibirds.htm (2539 words)

	Terrestrial Ecoregions -- Hawaii tropical moist forests (OC0106)
		Many of the honeycreepers, an endemic group of birds that displays many specialized adaptations to different food and plant resources, were found in mesic and wet forests.
		Hawaiian moist forest is the main habitat for other forest birds including the Hawaiian hawk, Hawaiian crow, Hawaiian honeyeaters (now extinct), and Hawaiian thrushes.
		The Hawaiian Moist Forest encompasses Küchler’s (1985) units 2 (Guava mixed forest), 3 (Ohia lehua forest), and 4 (Lama-manele forest).
	www.worldwildlife.org /wildworld/profiles/terrestrial/oc/oc0106_full.html (578 words)

	Private Stewardship Grants to Aid Imperiled Species (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Keauhou Forest Restoration (Application by Hawaiian Silversword Foundation) ($100,000) - This is a comprehensive restoration program for 3,000 acres (1,214 hectares) of forest and former ranch lands at Keauhou Ranch.
		The overall objectives of the project are to protect and manage a large contiguous area of the landscape, enhance the long-term survival and integrity of native plant and animal communities and the natural processes on which they depend, and promote recovery of endangered species.
		The project is expected to benefit 14 endangered species (3 forest birds, the Hawaiian hawk, Hawaiian duck, Hawaiian goose, and 8 plants) and another 15 species that are candidates or species of concern.
	www.outdoorcentral.com /mc/pr/03/05/28c4.asp (2368 words)

	The Hawaiian Supreme God
		It was interesting to watch some of the Hawaiians trace the race connection between themselves and the Maoris, and also to note the confidence with which the Maoris confused the ancient Hawaiki of Asia with the Hawaiian Islands” (Journal of the Polynesian Society p.
		He concluded it was specifically a bird cult primarily for the hawk and secondly for the owl.
		It seemed obvious that the hawk was named for its note: `io'io in Hawaii, and Iciolcio in the Tuamotus and the Cook islands, means to chirp like a chick.
	www.letusreason.org /Current68.htm (4081 words)

	NAIA: Feds drop 29 species from ESA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		According to USFWS 1992 budget justification, ‘the endangered Hawaiian hawk appears to be stable.
		Another year of budgeting for the Hawaiian hawk has passed since the NWI petition.
		NWI’s petition to drop the island night lizard from the ESA cites a lack of evidence that the population on California’s Channel Islands was ever in decline.
	www.naiaonline.org /body/articles/archives/endspec.htm (995 words)

	[No title]
		One question that immediately arose was, "What is the risk to non-target animals, particularly avian predators such as the endangered 'io, when baiting forested areas?" Laboratory studies have shown that diphacinone (the toxicant in the bait blocks) can cause illness or death to some avian predators which consume poisoned rodents.
		There are three avian predators - 'io (Hawaiian hawk), pueo (native short-eared owl), and the introduced barn owl - Hawaii that oculd be exposed to poisoned rodents during baiting programs.
		In the second test, 9 bait stations were placed, each containing 227 g of 0.005% diphacinone bait blocks flavored with peanut butter and molasses, at 25 m intervals around the nest site of each of 6 radio-tagged fl rats and 2 radio-tagged Polynesian rats.
	www.nbii.gov /metadata/mdata/textfiles/brdpierc0014.txt (651 words)

	The Colors of Hawaii
		The Hawaiian crow, or alala, for example, has been reduced to a population of only 15 birds, and most of these have been raised in captivity on the Big Island.
		Mountain apple, Hawaiian raspberry, thimbleberry, and strawberry guava provide refreshing snacks for hikers; and giant banyan trees, hundreds of years old, spread their canopies over families picnicking in parks, inviting youngsters to swing from their hanging vines.
		Sprouting ruby, pompom-like lehua blossoms - thought to be the favorite flower of Pele, the volcano goddess - ohia trees bury their roots in fields of once-molten lava.
	travel2.nytimes.com /fodors/fdrs_feat_75_4.html (498 words)

	Accipitridae -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The Accipitridae is one of the two main (additional info and facts about families) families within the order (Chiefly diurnal carnivorous birds having hooked beaks and long talons with opposable hind toe: falcons; hawks; eagles; ospreys; caracaras; vultures) Falconiformes (the diurnal (additional info and facts about birds of prey) birds of prey).
		Largely because of the explosive impact of modern molecular biology, the current classification of the Accipitridae is confused, with different authorities placing them in different orders.
		The (Large harmless hawk found worldwide that feeds on fish and builds a bulky nest often occupied for years) Osprey is often placed in a separate family (Ospreys) Pandionidae, and the (Large birds of prey superficially similar to Old World vultures) New World vultures are also usually now regarded as separate.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/a/ac/accipitridae.htm (1299 words)

	Vintage Hawaiian Bird Poster Art and Prints
		The finest museum standard archival water-based organic inks and paints are used to produce a stunningly brilliant piece with a rich, non-glare matte finish.
		It is a wonderful reproduction of a vintage work of art by John Kelly and features a man playing the ukulele for a beautiful woman under a palm tree and the night sky.
		It is entitled, "Hawaiian Night " and is new and in perfect condition.
	www.enjoyart.com /hawaiiana4.htm (1154 words)

	Nappy's Hawaiian Vacation
		Hawaiian topic links will be added as time permits.
		That night, Nappy dove into the Hawaiian lifestyle with enthusiasm, studying hula, the traditional Hawaiian dance.
		The Hawaiian Volcano Observatory is a world-class facility.
	www.wrench-wench.com /tours/Runs/AboutNappy.htm (1284 words)

	[No title]
		carolinensis Vis Hawaiian Is, Jun-Jan Galapagos Is, Sep-Apr Guadalupe I, Revillagigedo Is, Clipperton I, Cocos I (Montoya 2003).
		Res 1160-2700 inds (Ferguson-Lees and Christie 2001) Hawaiian Is (Hawaii; cas Kauai, Maui, Oahu).
		Vis Oct-Apr Revillagigedo Is. Acc Hawaiian Is (Scott et al 2001).
	www.rosssilcock.com /8.htm (1544 words)

	Endangered and Threatened Species Recovery Program
		The Hawaiian hawk population is now believed to be stable and large enough that the Fish and Wildlife Service is considering reclassifying the species from endangered to threatened.
		The Hawaiian hawk population is believed to number between 1,500 and 2,000, and appears to be stable throughout its range on the island of Hawaii.
		National Park Service: This Federal agency maintains suitable habitat for the Hawaiian hawk in Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, protects nest sites, enforces the prohibition on taking, and monitors population status.
	www.npwrc.usgs.gov /resource/wildlife/recoprog/states/species/butesoli.htm (242 words)

	Field-birding.com: Hawaii (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Our guide, Pat Hart, was a graduate student doing his thesis on a particular rare Hawaiian bird and is an expert on all Hawaiian birds.
		I was rewarded with ruddy turnstones, more Pacific golden plover, Hawaiian coot, gray-backed tern, wandering tattler, Hawaiian fl-necked stilt, Hawaiian duck, fl-crowned night-heron and cattle egrets.
		It's hard to comprehend this when the bird you see is quite common in the place you're seeing it, but is only seen in that one place in the world.
	users.easystreet.com /timurray/Field-Birding/Hawaii.htm (615 words)

	Hawaii 1996
		Late in the morning on 4-29-96 at MP 5.0 on State Route 240 on the way to Waipo Valley a light-morph HAWAIIAN HAWK circled overhead.
		HAWAIIAN COOTS swam the ponds, and 18 NENES (HAWAIIAN GEESE) flew in and landed on the island in the middle of the pond.
		A walk along the rocky shore along the bay to the north brought me within scope's distance of the largest of three buoys in the Haleiwa Boat Harbor on which six BROWN BOOBIES were perched.
	www.camacdonald.com /birding/tripreports/HawaiiMF96.html (9923 words)

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