Heart lung machines

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Topic: Heart lung machines

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	Heart-lung machine - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Heart-lung machines are frequently used in heart surgery because it is difficult or even impossible to operate on the beating heart.
		HLM are frequently used to assist in the induction of total body hypothermia, a state in which the body can be maintained for several hours without perfusion (blood flow).
		HLM are also sometimes used to keep babies with birth defects alive, or to aerate bodies with transplantable organs.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Heart-lung_machine (354 words)

	heart-lung machine on Encyclopedia.com
		The machine is used in open-heart surgery when it is necessary to effect a bypass of the circulatory system of the heart and lungs.
		HEART-LUNG MACHINE [heart-lung machine] device that maintains the circulation of the blood and the oxygen content of the body when connected with the arteriovenous system; it is also called the pump oxygenator.
		Different heart-lung machine concepts influence platelet and monocyte surface-marker expression during coronary artery surgery.(Cardiac Surgery: Interventions and Predictors: 12:30 PM-2:00 PM)
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/h1/heartlun.asp (345 words)

	Pitt at work on 2 kinds of breathing machines
		The heart-lung machines that are used to keep patients alive during heart surgery can also be used as artificial lungs, but they are complex, expensive and prone to complications.
		Transplant surgeons are eager for a mechanical "bridge" that would keep patients alive until donor lungs become available, in much the same way that heart assist devices now sustain heart transplant candidates.
		The device, which is probably several years away from full development, would be surgically connected to the heart and worn outside the body in a cartridge the size of a CD player, allowing the patient to walk around.
	www.post-gazette.com /healthscience/20010426lung2.asp (861 words)

	Oberlin Alumni Magazine
		Machines like Cross and Kaye's invention allowed surgeons to probe a living heart for extended periods of time by transferring the jobs of respiration and circulation from the patient's lungs and heart to a machine.
		A third to a half of patients who are put on the heart-lung machine may later exhibit cognitive defects, from memory problems and difficulty concentrating to depression and attention deficiency.
		Today the Boston heart surgeon plays the bass guitar with his band, Shake, but his celebrity status is a result of his entrepreneurial work in the operating room, not his performances on the stage.
	www.oberlin.edu /alummag/oamcurrent/oam_winter99/hearts.html (1293 words)

	Chillin'
		Heart-lung machines can be used for another purpose: After snowmobilers fall through the ice, they may arrive at a hospital with a body temperatures in the teens (Celsius).
		The heart-lung machine also has a cooling system -- more ice -- to cool the entire body a few degrees, also to prevent injury.
		That, he says, will be "more challenging than usual" because the heart has been enlarged after years of heart disease and the aorta is calcified and brittle due to the patient's kidney failure.
	whyfiles.org /028heart/heart6.html (617 words)

	The Whitaker Foundation: Supporting Research and Education in Biomedical Engineering
		His first experimental machine used two roller pumps and was designed to replace the heart and lung action of a cat.
		During an open-heart surgery, such as bypass surgery, the heart-lung machine takes over the functions of the heart and lungs and allows a surgeon to carefully stop the heart while the rest of the patient’s body continues to receive oxygen-rich blood.
		One of the greatest challenges in beating heart surgery is the difficulty of suturing or sewing on a beating heart.
	www.whitaker.org /glance/heartlung.html (1178 words)

	heart lung machine
		Open heart surgery is possible because medical research developed the heart lung machine to bypass the heart and lungs, taking over both the pumping of the blood and its oxygenation.
		This was achieved by bathing the heart in a solution of precise concentration of various salts and reducing the temperature to below 28 degrees C8.
		Subsequent experiments by Melrose6 and David Hearse7, using the isolated hearts of rabbits and rats, established optimum concentrations of potassium chloride to stop the heart, and ways of preserving the heart while starved of blood.
	www.rds-online.org.uk /pages/page.asp?i_ToolbarID=3&i_PageID=124 (646 words)

	Minnetronix - A Medical Device Product Development Company Industry news Minnetronix Publications Perfusion Systems Automatic Controls
		Heart lung machines must be managed by a Perfusionist to maintain proper blood flow and blood pressure to the patient during a coronary bypass procedure (1).
		Heart lung machines are used to bypass a patient's heart during surgery (3).
		Historically, heart lung systems provide a way to set up a coarse automatic response within the system, such that when the flow or pressure crosses an unsafe threshold, the pump stops or slows down.
	www.minnetronix.com /industry_news/publications/perfusion_system_auto_control_full.shtml (1485 words)

	The Great Web of Percy Harrison Fawcett
		Previously, with the cooling of heart-lung machines and cardiologic solution, an operation was carried out in a slight hypothermic state.
		But thanks to the development of cardiac surgery, especially over the past ten years, such as the development and improvement of surgical equipment, improvement of heart-lung machines and artificial organs, and the development of the technique of myocardial protection, has resulted in the performance of exceedingly safe operations.
		In cases where a coronary artery bypass for ischemic heart diseases is performed, depending on the type of graft (blood vessel), we average 185 minutes.
	www.phfawcettsweb.org /akimitsu.htm (714 words)

	Beating-Heart Surgery May Reduce Complications, Deaths
		Some patients are not good candidates for beating-heart surgery, he noted, in particular those with large hearts and very bad heart function and those with extraordinary pressure placed on the heart because of conditions such as a caved-in chest wall, a deformity of the breast bone that can be very severe in some individuals.
		Patients in the NYU Medical Center trial who had bypass surgery with their hearts beating had a death rate of 6.5%, compared to a death rate of 11.4% for those whose hearts were stopped.
		A study released in 2003 showed a significant reduction in death rates from coronary bypass surgery among patients whose hearts were kept beating during the procedure, and also indicated fewer strokes and other surgery complications when the "beating-heart" technique was used.
	healthlink.mcw.edu /article/1031002354.html (648 words)

	Read about Cardiac pump at WorldVillage Encyclopedia. Research Cardiac pump and learn about Cardiac pump here!
		A cardiac pump or cardiac bypass pump or heart-lung machine temporarily takes over the function of breathing and pumping blood for a patient.
		Cardiac pumps are most often used in heart surgery, so that a patient's heart can be disconnected from the body for longer than the twenty minutes or so it takes a prepared patient to die.
		This is used primarily for treating heart attack victims.
	encyclopedia.worldvillage.com /s/b/Heart-lung_machines (345 words)

	Gold Volume
		He predicted that heart-lung machines would enable the new field of cardiac surgery to develop with less risk than using either hypothermia or cross-circulation.
		He also offered his assessment of the current state of the art with artificial hearts and lungs as compared to other methods used when performing open-heart surgery in the 1950s.
		He alluded to patients of his who did not survive open-heart surgery after the one successful case, and even suggested that a heart-lung machine might not be necessary for closure of a simple atrial septal defect.
	echo.gmu.edu /bionics/Toppapers2.htm (881 words)

	02/26/1998 - Pennsylvania Current: Penn and Russian doctors explore a cool surgical procedure
		Heart surgeons in the West have traditionally opted for the former by using a heart-lung machine, which may cause blood clotting or inflamation.
		"The temperature of the patient's brain is so low that it actually allows you to stop the heart for a sufficient time -- up to an hour and 30 minutes -- to restore the heart defect, restore the circulation afterwards, and restore the full functioning of the brain," Lomivorotov said.
		Vladimir Lomivorotov, M.D., the institute's chief cardiothoracic anesthesiologist, explained through a translator, "The procedure is quite different from the conventional approach to providing cardiothoracic surgery" in the rest of the world.
	www.upenn.edu /pennnews/current/1998/022698/Doctors.html (558 words)

	Saving the Heart Can Sometimes Mean Losing the Memory
		Experts say there are probably several other contributing factors, including tiny blood clots or bubbles from the heart-lung machine, inadequate blood flow to the brain during surgery and brain inflammation.
		A new vessel is then stitched, while the heart continues to pump blood to the brain and the rest of the body.
		Whatever the cause, the syndrome is so pervasive that heart surgeons and cardiologists have coined a term for it: pump head.
	fig.cox.miami.edu /Faculty/Gaines/bil150/currentevent4.htm (1667 words)

	Mass and thermal transfer means for use in heart lung machines dialyzers and other applications - Patent 5830370
		For example, heart-lung machines, which utilize oxygenators, are employed during surgery in the USA approximately 300,000 times per year.
		The current heart-lung machine consist of 4 to 6 separate components including a pump 25, oxygenator 29, heat exchanger 27, flow meter 31, and dynamic reservoir 23; the components being connected together by plastic tubing 33 through which blood and water flow.
		The process, particularly useful in blood oxygenators, whereby a differential velocity between a fluid and a diffusing surface of hollow tubes by a rotating member such that the boundary layer is perturbed enhancing the coefficient of mass and thermal transfer.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5830370.html (10338 words)

	New Stuff and Old Hat
		Early in 1969 I joined a team developing heart-lung machines and was based at Great Ormond Street Hospital for Sick Children.
		On the right are shown two views of a type of heart-lung machine that was in use at GOS in the late 60s.
		With the exception of the tubing sets all parts of the machine were re-useable and this required an obsessive attention to cleanliness and sterility by the technical staff.
	fp.shawscorner.plus.com /new_stuff.htm (1327 words)

	ScienceDaily: New Heart Bypass Procedure Sidesteps Heart-Lung Machine, Reduces Related Complications
		Heart-lung machines provoke the release of a riot of inflammatory molecules capable of harming organs throughout the body, including the brain.
		In the first surgery of its kind at UC Davis Medical Center, Sellers' heart kept beating throughout the procedure, sparing him the ordeal of a heart-lung machine.
		Although coronary bypass surgery is over 95 percent successful, there remain serious side effects and occasional deaths -- many resulting not from the surgery itself, but from the heart-lung machine.
	www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2001/07/010727101114.htm (1255 words)

	Heart-Lung Machine
		Apparatus that provides mechanical circulatory support during open-heart surgery, by passing the heart to facilitate surgery on the organ.
		Some of the more important components of these machines include pumps, oxygenators, temperature regulators, and filters.
		The basic function of the machine is to oxygenate the body's venous supply of blood and then pump it back into the arterial system.
	medical.webends.com /kw/Heart-Lung+Machine (107 words)

	SNIA S.p.A. - Analysis of Proposed Consent Order
		Heart-lung machines are life-sustaining medical devices that are essential for any surgery that requires the heart to be stopped, such as surgeries to implant coronary artery bypass grafts, repair or replace heart valves, repair cerebral aneurysms, or transplant livers and hearts.
		In the event that SNIA fails to divest the heart-lung machine assets, or the acquirer fails to obtain FDA approval and the ability to manufacture and sell heart-lung machines, the Commission may appoint a trustee to divest the COBE heart-lung machine business to a new acquirer.
		A heart-lung machine is the equipment portion of an extracorporeal bypass system, which replaces the function of the heart and lungs during surgery by circulating and providing oxygen to the patient's blood throughout the procedure.
	www.ftc.gov /os/1999/05/sniaanal.htm (1023 words)

	Boston.com / News / Boston Globe / Health / Science / Heart patients? mental decline baffles doctors
		Older heart-lung machines were crude, said Dr. Irv Kron, chairman of the department of surgery at the University of Virginia.
		Page 2 of 2 -- Though it's not clear today that the heart-lung machine is the real culprit in "pump head," many doctors for years assumed it was and focused their prevention efforts on the machine itself.
		Better yet, some doctors argue, would be to get rid of the pumps and operate on still-beating hearts using special devices, including one invented by Cohn, to stabilize just one part of the heart at a time.
	www.boston.com /news/globe/health_science/articles/2004/09/21/heart_patients_mental_decline_baffles_doctors?pg=2 (625 words)

	The Cleveland Clinic Press Room
		Heart-lung bypass machines typically have been used to oxygenate and pump a person’s blood during surgeries when the heart must be stopped.
		While conventional heart-lung bypass machines require multiple pieces of hardware and can fill a large portion of the operating room, the CORx System is comprised of a small single unit that pumps blood, oxygenates it and removes air bubbles.
		Cleveland Clinic doctors are the first in the nation to use a new heart-lung machine designed to cause less trauma to patients undergoing heart surgery.
	www.clevelandclinic.org /media/release.asp?Press_Releases_No=312 (417 words)

	Heart-lung machine 50th anniversary marked: 5/2
		The health care professionals who operate heart-lung machines under the direction of a cardiac surgeon are known as perfusionists.
		For 27 minutes during the operation, her heart and lung functions were completely maintained by the machine.
		To celebrate this once revolutionary and still widely used machine, a demonstration of the operation of the heart-lung machine is scheduled from noon until 2 p.m.
	www.musc.edu /catalyst/archive/2003/co5-2heart.htm (462 words)

	Postpump Syndrome - Page 1 - HeartCenterOnline:
		Modern heart–lung machines are equipped with sophisticated filters to prevent embolism and advanced bubblers to properly oxygenate the blood.
		As the technology behind the heart–lung machine has improved, there is some evidence that the rate of postpump syndrome is declining.
		In postpump syndrome, it is felt that free radicals impair heart function and initiate a widespread inflammatory response.
	heart.healthcentersonline.com /bypasssurgery/Postpump.cfm (657 words)

	Micro-pumps to replace heart-lung machines (print version)
		During the operation, which usually takes approximately one hour, the heart and lung are completely at rest.
		Oldenburg's Heart Center is one of the few clinics in Germany where this new "intra-cardial pump system" is being tested as part of an international study.
		Using a catheter, this device is pushed via the groin to the heart, where it stays for a minimum of seven days.
	www.morgenwelt.de /futureframe/010806-heart-micropumps.htm (908 words)

	Texas Medical Center NEWS
		But, some health care experts say that heart-lung machines place patients at risk for potentially fatal complications such as stroke, abnormal rhythms, lung problems, and fluid retention.
		Most traditional bypass surgeries involve connecting a patient to a heart-lung machine which substitutes for the patient’s own heart and lungs and allows surgeons to stop the heart from beating while they perform delicate surgery on its blood vessels.
		Suction cups attach to the heart muscle on either side of the artery on which the surgeons operate.
	www.tmc.edu /tmcnews/02_01_02/page_12.html (358 words)

	Article #1647, New Heart-Lung Bypass System Avoids Harmful Effects of Conventional Machines For Coronary Bypass
		Heart-lung machines, also known as cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) systems, allow surgeons to perform surgical procedures that require the heart and lungs to be completely shut down.
		Initial results showed that, compared to the blood circuitry of today's much larger heart-lung bypass machines, the small unit -- slightly larger than a coke can -- is able to function with one-tenth the amount of surface area exposed to blood and with minimal to no priming volume required for activating the system.
		"Given the CORx System's much smaller blood-flow circuitry compared to conventional heart-lung machines, we can expect major benefits to the patient and the surgeon over a wide-range of cardiac procedures."
	www.perfusion.com /cgi-bin/absolutenm/anmviewer.asp?a=1647&print=yes (723 words)

	BBC NEWS Health Heart-lung machine safety boosted
		Belinda Linden, of the British Heart Foundation said: "The development of the heart-lung machine has allowed cardiac surgeons to successfully carry out more complicated heart surgery.
		Last year over 30,000 patients in the UK were placed on a heart-lung machine during surgery.
		The machine is used during open-heart surgery to provide oxygen and circulate blood around the body while the heart is stopped.
	newsvote.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/health/4428320.stm (541 words)

	Perfusionists
		Perfusionists run heart-lung machines used in open heart surgery and other medical procedures.
		Whenever a patient goes into a delicate heart or lung operation, a machine temporarily takes over the task of breathing and pumping blood through the body.
		Heart disease is one of the most widespread illnesses in the US and is likely to become even more widespread as the population ages and obesity rates skyrocket.
	www3.ccps.virginia.edu /careerprospects/briefs/P-S/Perfusionists.shtml (925 words)

	Minimally Invasive Heart Bypass Procedure Found Effective
		While surgeons first began operating on beating hearts in the late 1980s to eliminate the need for and risks associated with heart lung machines, separation of the breastbone was still necessary.
		Conventional coronary artery bypass surgery requires that the sternum -- or breastbone -- be cracked and separated, the heart stopped and blood circulated through the body by a heart lung machine.
		Often referred to as "keyhole" heart bypass surgery, the relatively new procedure holds the promise of lower hospital costs, less pain and a faster recovery, said Magovern who is also an associate professor of surgery at Allegheny University of the Health Sciences.
	www.docguide.com /dg.nsf/PrintPrint/31F0E317C0FDCE39852563E00071FDE5 (599 words)

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