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United States Patent Application: 0050006372 Since the heat conductor 104 is highly heat conductive, the heat conductor 104 functions to lessen a distribution of the temperature of the microchemical chip 101 at a part at which the thermoelectric element 103 is connected. In the temperature regulator according to the third embodiment, the heat conductor 104 is fixed to the microchemical chip 101 with solder or a heat conductive adhesive as the heat-conductive connecting layer 107. Because the temperature measuring unit 402 is arranged inside the heat conductor 104 that is connected to the microchemical chip 101 near the chemical reaction section 102, it is possible to precisely measure the temperature at the chemical reaction section 102 with high precision. appft1.uspto.gov /netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/srchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1="20050006372".PGNR.&OS=DN/20050006372&RS=DN/20050006372   (10793 words)

United States Patent Application: 0040196628 The electronic apparatus according to claim 6, wherein a junction between the first heat conductor and the circulation path is located outside an upper end of the first heat conductor, and a junction between the second heat conductor and the circulation path is located outside an upper end of the second heat conductor. As this cooling cycle is repeated, heat is transferred from the liquid crystal display unit 6 and printed circuit board 7 to the second heat conductor 21 and is radiated from the second heat conductor 21. Therefore, the first heat conductor 20 is interposed between the liquid crystal display unit 6, one the one hand, and the circuit parts 16, on the other, in the second embodiment. appft1.uspto.gov /netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO1&Sect2=HITOFF&d=PG01&p=1&u=/netahtml/PTO/srchnum.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&s1="20040196628".PGNR.&OS=DN/20040196628&RS=DN/20040196628   (6179 words)

[No title]   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03) Preferably the mass of the conductor and the constant heat input to the conductor are such that the fluctuation of temperature during puffs is minimal, e. The configuration of the conductor should be such that the surfaces of the conductor and the tobacco tablet are substantially in contact with one another throughout their adjoining surfaces. Heat therefrom is transmitted to conductor 13, by infrared radiation down central passageway 20 to the back face of conductor 13, by convection of hot gas and by conduction along the conductor tube 12, which is made of steel or other conductive metal and contacts conductor 13 around its periphery. www.wipo.int /cgi-pct/guest/getbykey5?KEY=99/63844.991216&ELEMENT_SET=DECL   (6359 words)

Metric Heat and Temperature Heat can be transferred from place to place by conduction in solids, convection of fluids (liquids or gases), and radiation through anything that will allow the radiation to pass. Styrofoam is one of the worst conductors, therefore it is used as a heat insulator. A calorie is the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of water, one Celsius degree. www.essex1.com /people/speer/heat.html   (668 words)

Madison Cable The ability of a material to act as a conductor, semi-conductor or insulator is determined by that material's molecular structure. Heat generated in a conductor varies as the square of the applied current. Silver-coated conductors are reliable for continuous temperature application through 200°C. Although higher in cost than tinned copper, silver coated conductors have a lower resistance, than either tin or nickel coated conductors. www.madisoncable.com /CableDesign.asp   (1128 words)

LCD with heat conductor from light source to separate portion of light guide - Patent 5299038 The heat conducting plate 71 is arranged to contact a cold-cathode tube 1b and the panel cover 45, and the heat conducting plate 72 is arranged to contact a cold-cathode tube 1a and the panel cover 45. Heat generated by the cold-cathode tubes 1a and 1b is conducted to the low temperature region of the light-guide plate 2, passed through the heat conducting plates 71 and 72 and the recessed portions of the panel cover 45. Heat generated by the cold-cathode tubes 1a and 1b is conducted to the low temperature region of the light-guide plate 2 through the heat conducting material 7a. www.freepatentsonline.com /5299038.html   (3584 words)

Conductor (material)   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03) When an electric potential difference is impressed across separate points on a conductor, the mobile charges within the conductor are forced to move, and an electric current between those points appears in accordance with Ohm's law. Thus, proper design of an electrical conductor includes an estimate of the temperature that the conductor is expected to endure without damage, as well as the quantity of electrical current. Electrically conductive materials are usually classified according to their electrical resistance; ranging from high to null resistance, there are semiconductors, ordinary metallic conductors (also called normal metals), and superconductors. hallencyclopedia.com /Conductor_(material)   (447 words)

Solar Collectors, Solar Energy Collector Transfer of heat from the absorber plate (collector) is via an efficient and very fast heat conductor, the "heat-pipe." This has a very low heat capacity but an exceptionally rapid conductivity. The heat pipe employs an evaporating-condensing cycle, which accepts heat from an external source, uses this heat to evaporate the liquid (latent heat) and then releases latent heat by reverse transformation (condensation) at a heat sink region. The maximum operating temperature of a heat pipe is the critical temperature of the used heat transfer medium. thermomax.com /tech.htm   (1395 words)

Thermodynamics   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03) The importance of this formula is that the amount of heat conducted is directly proportional to the temperature gradient and the conductor's cross-sectional area and is inversely proportional to the conductor's length. This is the heat that must be added to change a solid into a liquid at the substance's melting point; or the heat which must be removed to change a liquid into a solid at the substance's melting point. Heat is the energy transferred between states - from a warm body to a cooler body as a result of the temperature difference between the bodies. online.cctt.org /physicslab/content/PhyAPB/lessonnotes/thermodynamics/lessonthermodynamics.asp   (2846 words)

Electrodeless gas discharge lamp having heat conductor disposed within magnetic core - Patent 4536675 A lamp according to the invention is therefore characterized in that the magnetic core is in the form of a rod, the member consisting of a heat-conducting material extending along at least the major portion of the core length, at least at or near the longitudinal axis of the core. In a lamp in accordance with the invention the heat generated in the core is effectively discharged to the environment of the lamp. The heat generated in the core can be discharged to the environment of the lamp by means of a metal disk connected to one end of the body and extending to the outer circumference of the lamp. www.freepatentsonline.com /4536675.html   (1849 words)

Radix Wire Company   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03) As the ambient temperature - the temperature of air surrounding the wire - rises, less current-generated heat is required to reach the temperature rating of the insulation. Stranded conductors are many smaller solid conductors twisted together to form a larger AWG size. To reach equivalence with a solid 22 AWG conductor, for example, a common choice is a 7/30 arrangement - 7 strands of 30 AWG conductors. www.wireexpress.com /Radix/Selection4.htm   (547 words)

CERN Courier - Novel heat conductor steals - IOP Publishing - article A new material proposed by European physicists could be used as a thermal conductor or an insulator - depending on the direction of heat flow. Acting as a heat valve, this material could have a significant impact on the cooling needs of microelectronic circuitry. It could also be used to route heat into microchemical reactors that are currently being developed for high-efficiency chemical synthesis. www.cerncourier.com /main/article/42/4/9   (204 words)

How Does Heat Travel?   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03) Heat can be transferred from one place to another by three methods: conduction in solids, convection of fluids (liquids or gases), and radiation through anything that will allow radiation to pass. Heat flows from the warmer to the cooler object until they are both at the same temperature. Heat energy is transfered by the circulation of the air. coolcosmos.ipac.caltech.edu /cosmic_classroom/light_lessons/thermal/transfer.html   (717 words)

Heat Movement and Insulators In conduction, heat flows thorough the medium because the atoms and molecules in the medium are in contact with each other. Heat (thermal agitation) of the medium's atoms and molecules is passed along from the warmer parts toward the cooler areas by a relay process wherein agitation of one atom/molecule is passed along to its neighboring atom/molecules. Heat flow is frustrated because the adjacent areas are separated by a poor conductor. www.newton.dep.anl.gov /askasci/phy00/phy00781.htm   (731 words)

AllRefer.com - thermoelectricity (Electrical Engineering) - Encyclopedia   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03) The term is generally restricted to the irreversible conversion of electricity into heat described by the English physicist James P. Joule and to three reversible effects named for Seebeck, Peltier, and Thomson, their respective discoverers. The rate of heat transfer is proportional to the current and the direction of transfer is reversed if the current is reversed. R heat, which is always evolved.) If heat is absorbed by such a circuit, then heat may be evolved if the direction of the current or of the temperature gradient is reversed. reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/T/thermoel.html   (445 words)

J13 Heat For example, heat transfer is the transport of heat through our clothes* between our bodies and the outside air or that through the walls of a house from outside or that through the heat insulation of a steam pipe between the steam and the atmosphere, etc. In fact, the basic circulation of the atmosphere is generated by heated air rising in the tropics and hence colder air flowing from the higher latitudes along Earth's surface to the tropics. The amount of heat which is transmitted to earth during one year, distributed uniformly all over it, would melt a 31 m thick layer of ice (if there were no atmosphere, which almost absorbs half of the incoming heat). kr.cs.ait.ac.th /~radok/physics/j13.htm   (3416 words)

31 We now desert linear heat conduction and move into spatial regions, which are bounded by planes and can be treated by the simple reflection method; for the corresponding plane regions, bounded by straight lines, similar methods apply. All these topics have in common that for them not only the problem of heat conduction, but also the problems of arbitrary other physical processes with isotropic symmetry, for example, acoustic, optical, electrical problems can be solved by the reflection method. Our heat conductor has now an arbitrarily formed outer boundary in which we include also the surfaces of, say, internal spaces. kr.cs.ait.ac.th /~radok/math/mat/31.htm   (4520 words)

Activity 6 Teacher Guide: Atmospheric Processes - Conduction Some solids, such as metals, are good heat conductors, while others, such as wood, are poor conductors. Air is a poor conductor of heat energy but a good insulator. On such days, the land surface may experience a great deal of heating, as direct solar radiation is absorbed and converted to infrared radiation (heat energy). www.ucar.edu /learn/1_1_2_6t.htm   (890 words)

Heat Dissipation   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03) Myron ========================================================= One rule of thumb on heat sinks is that a material that is a good conductor of electricity is also a good conductor of heat. are going to be good conductors of heat, but they will be limited by their melting points. However, you can get an idea of the heat transfer capabilities of various metals by reading textbooks or other material on the subject of conductive heat transfer or possibly radiant heat transfer. www.newton.dep.anl.gov /askasci/eng99/eng99038.htm   (326 words)

Energy Citations Database (ECD) - Energy and Energy-Related Bibliographic Citations A new measuring method for the principal thermal conductivities of a two-dimensional anisotropic heat conductor using a steady-state point heat source and sink is proposed here. The theory of this new thermal-conductivity measurement is based on a congruent matrix transformation from the nonuniform space of an anisotropic heat conductor to the uniform space of an isotropic one. Introduction of the hypothesis of symmetry in the heat conduction law leads to an equivalent relationship of the thermal conductivity tensor between an anisotropic space tensor{Lambda}{sub{mu}} and a uniform space tensor{Lambda}{sub{nu}}. www.osti.gov /energycitations/product.biblio.jsp?osti_id=451990   (252 words)

(WO 01/04915) HEAT CONDUCTOR, ESPECIALLY FOR A SENSOR, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SUCH A HEAT CONDUCTOR   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03) (57) The invention relates to a heat conductor, especially for a sensor for detecting at least one gas component in the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines. The invention further relates to a method for producing a heat conductor for a sensor for detecting an oxygen concentration, especially in the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines. A mass that makes up the heat conductor and that comprises a platinum powder and a metal oxide powder is applied on a ceramic film and is sintered. www.wipo.int /ipdl/IPDL-CIMAGES/view/pct/getbykey5?KEY=01/04915.010118   (254 words)

ipedia.com: Conductor Article   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03) A conductor is also a person who sells and checks tickets on a bus, tram or train. In pseudorandomness, a conductor is a combinatoral object that extracts randomness from weak random sources. In algebraic number theory, the conductor of an abelian extension is an ideal, modulo which the associated characters are defined. www.ipedia.com /conductor.html   (193 words)

Lee's Disk for a poor heat conductor   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03) Assuming that the heat losses to the from sides of the sample are negligible, the steady state rate of heat transfer (H) by conduction is given by: constant), the rate of heat conduction into the brass disk must be equal to the rate of heat loss due to cooling (by air convection) from the bottom of the brass disk. where m is the mass of the brass disk and c is the specific heat capacity of brass. media.paisley.ac.uk /~davison/labpage/leedisk/leedisk.html   (592 words)

Discreet Wire Ampacity Heat, caused by an electrical current flowing through the conductor, will determine the amount of current a wire will handle. Conductor Number: Heat dissipation is lessened as the number of individually insulated conductors, bundled together, is increased. Installation Conductors: Restricting the heat dissipation by installing the conductors in conduit, duct, trays or raceways lessens the current carrying capacity. www.hilmanindustries.com /ampacity.htm   (289 words)

World Builders: Heat Transfer E Viau CSULA Heat is transfered by three processes: conduction, convection, and radiation. When heat is conducted, it is led from the heat source by travelling along a physical object. When heat is moved because something warm is moving, then the heat is being transferred by convection. curriculum.calstatela.edu /courses/builders/lessons/less/les3/heat.html   (348 words)

Copper or Aluminum, which is a better heat conductor? - Marijuana Growing   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03) Copper conducts heat much better, but aluminum I beleave is better at dissapating heat. Copper is better at absorbing heat and moving it, while aluminum is better at giving up the heat. And depending on what you are doing, sanclem has the right idea, and for a smaller application the heater core used on cars can be had for 10-20 bucks and are great for use as radiators in a cooling application. www.overgrow.com /edge/showthread/t-243950.html   (437 words)

Is aluminum or iron a better conductor of heat? How can aluminum be said to conduct heat well if that heat dissipates before it can be transferred to another object. As with electricity, copper is a good conductor due to its excellent ability to transfer electricity from one object to another completing a circuit just as iron can well transfer heat. It seems to me the characteristics which define aluminum to be a good conductor are exactly those which actually deem it a poor one. www.madsci.org /posts/archives/jul2001/995761247.Ph.q.html   (291 words)

[No title]   (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-03) The students will be able to define what a conductor is, and which materials serve well as conductors. One way heat can move from one object to another is by conduction. Think of an object in your house that acts as a conductor of heat in the same way that the aluminum foil did. people.morehead-st.edu /students/df/drfarm01/Heat.doc   (660 words)

The product will be under processed since air is not as good a conductor of heat as water or steam. Cover and reduce heat to low/med and simmer for 1.5 to 2 hours till the meat is cooked to your satisfaction. Heat the oil in a large saute pan (preferably a 6.5 quart one since you want a lot of surface area), and add the mustard seed. Cook it uncovered over medium heat until the melon is the consistency of applesauce (approximately 2-3 hours). www.clickerado.com /f/food/heat.htm   (2281 words)

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