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	Heath (habitat)
		Heaths are anthropogenic habitats found primarily in northern and western Europe, where they have been created by thousands of years of human clearance of natural forest vegetation by grazing and burning on mainly infertile acidic soils.
		Heathland is a lowland habitat, and is favoured where climatic conditions are typically warm and dry, particularly in summer, and soils acidic, of low fertility, and often sandy and very free-draining; bogs do occur where drainage is poor, but are usually only small in extent.
		Other notable heaths include large parts of the New Forest and the Breckland in southern and eastern England respectively, and the Veluwe in the Netherlands, and smaller areas in Dorset, Devon and Surrey in southern England.
	publicliterature.org /en/wikipedia/h/he/heath__habitat_.html (462 words)

	Allen And Heath
		Heath (habitat) is a habitat type where these plants are dominant.
		Heath was the son of a carpenter from Broadstairs in Kent.
		Heath is a member of the Ericaceae family of plants.
	www.breadlike.com /pages7/3/allen-and-heath.html (955 words)

	Wikinfo \| Habitat
		A biome is the set of flora and fauna which live in a habitat and occupy a certain topography.
		Habitat is also the name of a chain of furniture stores founded in the 1960s by Terence Conran.
		Habitat for Mankind is a charity related to housing.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=habitat (211 words)

	Disappearance
		The Heath Hen (Tympanuchus cupido cupido), a small wild fowl, was a relative of the prairie chicken.
		Prior to the American Revolution, the heath hen was found in the eastern United States from Maine to Virginia.Expanding human populations in colonies caused great reductions in heath hen populations.
		It is sad to say that in 1916 a fire wiped out much of the habitat that heath hens used for breeding, the following winter was unusually harsh, and there was an influx of goshawks that fed on the heath hens, which hurt the population even more.
	library.thinkquest.org /26615/ex_hen.htm (336 words)

	Defra UK; ERDP - Farm Environment Plan Handbook
		Dry heath, wet heath and valley mire communities, usually below 250 metres, on acidic soils and shallow peat, typically comprising heathers, gorses, fine grasses, wild flowers and lichens in a complex mosaic.
		Heath vegetation with at least 25% cover of dwarf shrubs (heathers, bilberry, crowberry and western gorse).
		If there is a mixture of heath and grassland record both features and estimate how much of each is present in the land parcel.
	www.defra.gov.uk /erdp/schemes/hls/fep-handbook/chapter4-heathland.htm (1009 words)

	Heath Aster
		The Heath Aster is found in most counties of Illinois, but is absent from some counties in the western and SE areas of the state (see Distribution Map).
		Habitats include mesic to dry fl soil prairies, gravel prairies, dolomite prairies, hill prairies, savannas, openings in dry rocky forests, limestone glades, areas along roadsides and railroads, and pastures.
		The Heath Aster has a wide distribution, and there is some variability in regards to its size and appearance across different locations.
	www2.ic.edu /prairie/heath_aster.htm (554 words)

	Vineyard Gazette - News
		With the death of the last heath hen on Martha's Vineyard, a whole race of prairie grouse to which it had belonged vanished from the face of the earth.
		Despite efforts to save its habitat and protect the flock, the heath hen fell victim to inbreeding, predation and disease, dwindling away to a single bird in 1928.
		Advocates and critics agree that the state forest, planted on the old heath hen reservation as the bird was dying out, is in need of cutting and burning to revive and restore a native habitat unique in all of New England.
	www.mvgazette.com /news/2004/07/23/heath_hen.php (745 words)

	Action plan for Upland heathland
		Upland heath in 'favourable condition' is typically dominated by a range of dwarf shrubs such as heather Calluna vulgaris, bilberry Vaccinium myrtillus, crowberry Empetrum nigrum, bell heather Erica cinerea and, in the south and west, western gorse Ulex gallii.
		Wet heath is most commonly found in the wetter north and west and, in 'favourable condition', should be dominated by mixtures of cross-leaved heath Erica tetralix, deer grass Scirpus cespitosus, heather and purple moor-grass Molinia caerulea, over an understorey of mosses often including carpets of Sphagnum species.
		Some forms of heath also have a significant lower plant interest, including assemblages of rare and local mosses and liverworts that are particularly associated with the wetter western heaths.
	www.ukbap.org.uk /ukplans.aspx?ID=16 (4025 words)

	Moorland
		In parts of the county, particularly in the south and east, blanket bog and upland heath habitats have been enclosed historically and replaced by species-poor grassland due to a combination of over-grazing, drainage and burning.
		Habitat translocation, restoration and monitoring are to be undertaken at Waddington Fell Quarry as part of the planning consent to extend the quarry.
		Kelly, P.J and Harwood, T.R (1993) Wildlife Habitats in Lancashire.
	www.lbap.org.uk /bap/habitat/moorland.htm (5317 words)

	Wikinfo \| Heath
		Heath is the common name for plants of the genus Erica, which are mostly small shrubs.
		The closely related heather, genus Calluna, is sometimes confused with the true heaths.
		One of the tallest members of the genus is the Heath Tree.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=heath (154 words)

	coastlines - winter 1996 - Action for heathland
		Dune heath is a special form of lowland heath, and is given 'priority' status in the European Habitats Directive.
		The dune heath faces similar problems of fragmentation and the lack of management of heathland through the country.
		Heathland is a habitat and landscape type we must actively care for if it is to have a real future.
	www.seftoncoast.org.uk /articles/96winter_heathland.html (449 words)

	The threats to butterflies and moths
		Habitat destruction has been and remains a major threat to butterflies and moths.
		Industrial and housing development has led to loss of many famous localities on the heaths of southern England, while roads such as the M40 and M3 have been driven through nature reserves that were special for butterflies.
		They therefore rely not only on the continued existence of their wild habitat but also on the maintenance of good breeding conditions by the correct type of habitat management.
	www.butterfly-conservation.org /bc/threats (899 words)

	Cheshire Wildlife Trust - Heathland (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The habitat is generally sustained which prevent the natural invasion of woodland, but is becoming increasingly rare.
		Heaths are usually found on acidic soils, and are usually the first community to colonise bare ground.
		Heathlands are an internationally important habitat; and a large percentage of remaining European heathland is in Britain.
	www.wildlifetrust.org.uk /cheshire/heathland.html (419 words)

	Untitled Document
		This habitat occurs mainly in the Mourne AONB (1.1%) and in Slieve Gullion (0.3%).
		Gains in Gorse heath - continous were mainly by gorse development in habitats where it was scattered or formed mosaics at baseline survey.
		Habitats in the losses and gains table below are linked to their descriptors and NI data.
	www.science.ulst.ac.uk /nics/PRIMARY/SENT/s07.htm (176 words)

	CV main (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Heath, J.P., W.A. Montevecchi and G. Robertson, (2002) Local and regional influences of predation risk and biophysical habitat on the distribution of Harlequin Ducks in Northern Labrador.
		Heath, J.P. (2002), Scale dependent trade-offs between predation risk and biophysical habitat influence the distribution and dynamics of Harlequin Ducks in northern Labrador.
		Heath, J. Gilchrist, H.G. and Ydenberg, R.C. (2005) Complex behavioural patterns of Common Eiders wintering in the Canadian Arctic: the role of abiotic and physiological rhythms.
	www.sfu.ca /~jpheath/CV/CV_main.html (1886 words)

	SAC selection - 4020 Temperate Atlantic wet heaths with Erica ciliaris and Erica tetralix
		Temperate Atlantic wet heaths with Erica ciliaris and Erica tetralix are characteristic of the western Mediterranean region and within the EU are found in France, Spain and Portugal.
		Dorset Heaths (Purbeck and Wareham) and Studland Dunes
		The greatest concentration of Dorset heath Erica ciliaris in the UK is in Dorset on the heaths south of Poole Harbour, with outlying stands elsewhere in Dorset.
	www.jncc.gov.uk /ProtectedSites/SACselection/habitat.asp?FeatureIntCode=H4020 (645 words)

	coastlines - summer 1994 - Dune Heath — A special Habitat on the Sefton Coast
		Dune heath patches are the most noticeable and appreciated in autumn when the heather flowers in a haze of purple.
		These heaths and dune woodlands would have been relatively easy for early human settlers to manage, by burning, and would have been much dryer than the adjacent mosslands and more productive than the open sand dunes.
		Although it is probable that all the primary dune heath has been permanently lost, there are areas of Heather today thriving along sections of the eastern fringe of the still open dunes.
	www.seftoncoast.org.uk /articles/94summer_duneheath.html (980 words)

	WoW: Dartmoor Habitats
		Between the valleys and the blanket bogs is a mixture of heath and grassland.
		In terms of wildlife, Dartmoor is of international importance for its blanket bogs, upland heaths, upland oak woods and cave systems, and of at least national importance for its valley mires, Rhôs pasture and grass moor.
		Upland heathland is recognised as a habitat requiring special conservation effort under the EC Habitats and Species Directive.
	www.dartmoor-npa.gov.uk /laf-wowdartmoorhabitats (4814 words)

	Bagheera: An Endangered Species and Endangered Animal Online Education Resource
		The heath hen, a small wild fowl, was a relative of the prairie chicken.
		Prior to the American Revolution, the heath hen was found in the eastern United States from Maine to Virginia.
		In 1830 the heath hen's precipitous decline garnered the attention of naturalist John Audubon (founder of The Audubon Society), but it continued unabated.
	www.bagheera.com /inthewild/ext_heathhen.htm (615 words)

	Wildlife of Sydney - Heath
		This habitat is found mostly near windswept, salt-sprayed coastal areas; on clay soils, sand dunes and, most typically, sandstone.
		At least ten types of heath plant communities are found in the Sydney area including a number of sandstone, dune and clay heathlands.
		Urban development is the main threat to heath habitats and Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub heath is listed as an endangered Ecological Community in New South Wales.
	faunanet.gov.au /wos/habitat.cfm?Habitat_Page_ID=3 (216 words)

	Forestry Commission - Wild Woods - Large heath (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Large heath breed in lowland raised bogs, upland blanket bogs and damp acidic moorland, where food supplies are plentiful.
		The large heath depends of this type of habitat and as a result it is very vulnerable to extinction.
		The large heath is a dingy orange/brown colour with dark spots on the upper and lower wings.
	www.forestry.gov.uk /forestry/Largeheath (315 words)

	New Page 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Description: Heath aster is a perennial arising from an extensive system of rhizomes and sometimes stolons.
		Distribution, habitat: Heath aster is native in most states and provinces east of the Rocky Mountains and south into Mexico.
		Heath aster has fewer than 20 rays per head (involucre of head to 3/16 inch tall).
	ars.sdstate.edu /faculty/Dunn/heathaster.htm (227 words)

	Heath (habitat) Information
		Until recently, modern techniques of agriculture threatened some of this habitat, by ploughing, fertilising and planting with arable crops, or in particular, conversion to commercial forestry plantations.
		Heathland habitats are also found in parts of Sweden, Denmark, France, Spain and along the Norwegian coastline.
		Upland moorland habitats occur mainly in northern and western Britain and Ireland.
	www.bookrags.com /Moorland (709 words)

	Habitat Focus 1: Dwarf shrub heath — breconbeacons.org (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Dwarf shrub heath is characterised by the widespread occurrence (where the plants make up more than 25% of the ground cover) of acid-loving plant species such as heathers (like ling and bell heather), bilberry and western gorse.
		Where drainage is impeded and the water table is high, wet heaths can develop and these are often characterised by carpets of Sphagnum mosses, as well as the presence of insectivorous plants such as sundews.
		Dwarf shrub heath is often found in conjunction with other habitats (forming habitat mosaics) such as acidic grasslands, bog pools, wet flushes, blanket bogs and mires.
	www.breconbeacons.org /conservation_and_community/biodiversity/habfoc1 (438 words)

	The Meadow
		Tympanuchus cupido, the Heath Hen being the eastern race and the other the Greater Prairie-Chicken which still inhabits the midwest and its prairies today.
		Heath Hens frequented dry, brushy habitat characterized by low trees, as well as grassy clearings and meadows.
		Heath Hens were ground nesting birds, laying yellow-brown eggs sometimes marked with dark splotches.
	www.heathhenmeadow.com /hh_meadow.html (266 words)

	Greater Prairie-Chicken
		Sadly, habitat loss has led to steep declines of the species across its range, leaving one subspecies extinct and another nearly so.
		One subspecies, the Heath Hen (Tympanuchus cupido cupido), formerly inhabited prairie and pine barrens of the mid-Atlantic states and southern New England, but suffered drastic population declines throughout the 19th century with the loss of habitat.
		Upon the arrival of European settlers in the Midwest in the early 1800s, and the accompanying conversion of forest to agricultural land, the subspecies initially expanded its range.
	www.shawcreekbirdsupply.com /greater_prairie_chicken_info.htm (838 words)

	Recovery Plan for the Mt. Lofty Ranges Southern Emu-Wren (Stipiturus malachurus intermedius) 1999-2003 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Fragmentation of habitat has exacerbated problems since isolated local populations of emu-wrens are now highly vulnerable to catastrophic events such as fire, with local extinctions known to have occurred as a consequence of such events (e.g.
		The main threats are considered to be habitat fragmentation, low emu-wren numbers, habitat degradation, a suite of incompatible management practices and lack of knowledge of awareness on the part of land managers and the broader community in relation to MLR Southern Emu-wrens and their habitats (Littlely and Cutten 1996).
		Observations of MLR Southern Emu-wren habitat use (Action 4a), identification of the key features of their habitats (Action 2a) and the results of the swamp management experiments (Action 2b) will be critical factors in determining procedures for habitat enhancement.
	www.deh.gov.au /biodiversity/threatened/publications/recovery/emu-wren (16937 words)

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