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Topic: Heiltsuk language

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	The Heiltsuk-Oweek'ala Language (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Heiltsuk is spoken on the north central coast of mainland British Columbia around Bella Bella and Klemtu.
		This language is spoken by three groups of people: the Bella Bella (/p@lbálá/), the Haihais (/xíxís/), and the Oweekeno /?uwik'inuxw/.
		Heiltsuk and Oweekyala are dialects of a language that has no traditional name.
	www.ydli.org /langs/heiltsuk.htm (75 words)

	Heiltsuk - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Heiltsuk (pronounced HAIL-tsuk) (also Bella Bella) is a dialect (or a sublanguage) of the North Wakashan (Kwakiutlan) language Heiltsuk-Oowekyala that is spoken by a few Haihai and Bella Bella First Nations peoples around Bella Bella and Klemtu, British Columbia.
		The Heiltsuk are comprised of the descendants of a number of tribal groups who came together in Bella Bella in the 19th Century and came to be called the Bella Bella Indians.
		The Heiltsuk language is part of what is called the Wakashan language family.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Heiltsuk (275 words)

	Heiltsuk (Bella Bella)
		Today, members of this FIRST NATION prefer to be known as the Heiltsuk, a term anglicized from the word in their language meaning "native." They have been referred to also as the Bella Bella, a term anglicized from the name of a site located near the present-day community of Bella Bella.
		The aboriginal Heiltsuk economy focused on the harvesting and preservation of wild fish, birds, land and sea mammals, marine invertebrates and plants; there were no domesticated plants or animals.
		In late winter, Heiltsuk families left the central winter villages and set out for annually occupied seasonal camps where food was prepared for storage, to be used during the winter ceremonial season.
	www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com /PrinterFriendly.cfm?ArticleId=A0000665 (711 words)

	User talk:Ish ishwar - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In Vietnamese language, the tonal marks have subscriptions instead of superscriptions, but that may be minor problem in convention.
		Languages on the map are at large taken from the controversial article "list of languages by native speakers", and I tried to locate them where they are spoken.
		Heiltsuk has been worked on more than Oowekyala, and it seems to me that Oowekyala has been assumed to be similar enough to Heiltsuk, but perhaps this hasnt been looked at with a lot of attention (at least until Darin Howe's 2000 dissertation).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/User_talk:Ish_ishwar (11318 words)

	Some Pacific Northwest Native Language Names for the Sasquatch Phenomenon
		I prefer to speak of the lack of relatability among languages in those cases in which it is not possible to demonstrate genetic relationship.
		Of the languages and language families mentioned here, I believe that Sahaptin (a member of the Sahaptian language family), Chinookan, Molala, and Tsimshian can all be shown to be distantly related members of the larger far-flung Penutian grouping.
		The modern villagers of Klemtu are, in the main, descendants of emigrants from the deserted Coast Tsimshian village of [disju] or Kitisoo on the south- west of Princess Royal Island midway betweep Kent Inlet and Dallain Point and from the old Xaihais Kwakiutl village of [qhaynath] or Kynoch.
	www.rfthomas.clara.net /papers/rigsby.html (1006 words)

	Multicultural Canada (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The various members of the Wakashan language family occupy the central mainland coast of British Columbia, along with northern and western Vancouver Island, extending as far south as the Olympic peninsula in Washington State.
		Language and culture programs, however, serve mainly to enhance native identity rather than to restore native languages to their former dominance.
		Although their languages and cultural practices were eroded by residential schools and the Indian Act, the Wakashan succeeded in maintaining much of their heritage and identity.
	www.multiculturalcanada.ca /mcc/ecp/content/aboriginals_wakashans.html (4922 words)

	Foundational Report for a Strategy to Revitalize First Nation, Inuit and Métis Languages and Culture, Part 4
		Declining languages are languages in which a significant part of the adult population, perhaps half, still speak the language, but only a portion of young people and children know the language and most use the nationally or regionally dominant language instead.
		Endangered languages are languages in which people of the older generation, or Elders, know and use the language, but in which parents of childbearing age by and large use a different language with their children, thus disrupting intergenerational transmission.
		Critical languages are languages that have only a handful of speakers of an elderly age, without a significant number of parent-age and adult speakers, and no new speakers being raised through intergenerational transmission.
	www.aboriginallanguagestaskforce.ca /rpt/part4_e.html (3847 words)

	Anderson, Cynthia I (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Chol, a Mayan language spoken in the Mexican state of Chiapas, is the only member of the Tzeltalan sub-family to possess six vowels instead of the typical five exhibited by nearby languages like Tzeltal and Tzotzil.
		As revitalization of indigenous languages becomes more common in North America, a question arises of how “true” the speech of the new generation of speakers will be to the classical version of the language.
		It is generally recognized that languages vary in the robustness of their formal core/oblique (or argument/adjunct) distinctions, but the universality of obliques has rarely been questioned.
	wings.buffalo.edu /linguistics/ssila/meetings/SSILA05/abstracts.htm (7834 words)

	Heiltsuk Language and the Bella Bella Indian Tribe (Oowekyala, Haihai)
		Heiltsuk Language and the Bella Bella Indian Tribe (Oowekyala, Haihai)
		Heiltsuk (more commonly known as Bella Bella) is a Wakashan language of the Northwest Coast.
		Only a few elders in British Columbia still speak the language today, but some young Heiltsuk people are working to keep their ancestral language alive.
	www.native-languages.org /heiltsuk.htm (142 words)

	TRIBAL CULTURAL AND LANGUAGE GROUPINGS
		Mohawk is the dominant language among Canadian Haudenosaunee.
		Inuktitut is the single spoken language across the Canadian Arctic and Greenland.
		Consists of a single language, Dakota (Lakota), spoken in the southern portions of the three prairie provinces (and the Plains of the United States).
	www.shannonthunderbird.com /tribal_cultural_and_language_gro.htm (615 words)

	Alphabet
		The Heiltsuk Alphabet is not like the English Alphabet, it is more of a phonetic listing of all the individual sounds of the Language.
		It requires the Heiltsuk font to be installed and Keyman 3.1 or 3.2.
		Since the Heiltsuk Alphabet has 60 characters several different alt and ctrl keystroke sequences had to be programmed.
	members.tripod.com /heiltsuklanguage/Alphabet/alphabet.html (221 words)

	Who We Are
		Heiltsuk oral tradition states that the original Heiltsuk ancestors were set down by the Creator in various areas in the territory now referred to as the Central Coast of British Columbia, before the time of the great flood.
		It is estimated that nearly 85% of the population died during the nineteenth century.
		Heiltsuk children were required to attend the now infamous Residential schools, where they were given poor quality education, low quality food, and subjected to curriculum designed to assimilate them.
	www.heiltsuk.com /who.htm (686 words)

	Simon Fraser University Program (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		This certificate program is intended for students who wish to acquire and/or improve their conversational and literacy skills in a particular First Nations language for purposes of teaching this language in elementary or secondary schools, or to adult learners to enhance their knowledge of a First Nations language for cultural reasons or professional objectives.
		Credit may be applied to a specific language and can be achieved by examination from an instructor in that language with the approval of the department.
		All course are taught by fluent speakers of the language and/or are team-taught by a linguist and a fluent speaker or elder.
	www.secwepemc.org /fnlanguage.htm (392 words)

	The Hailhzaqvla Language
		Heiltsuk is a northern Wakashan language spoken mid-way up the Pacific coast of British Columbia.
		It appears from the Heiltsuk Nation website, that this is the official standard.
		It is a compromise of sorts between the linguistic and B.C.-style practical orthographies.
	www.languagegeek.com /wakashan/hailhzaqvla.html (217 words)

	BC Bibliographies
		Bibliographies are provided for both individual languages and for the language family to which they belong.
		Second, they contain works that discuss a single language that is a member of the language family but is not spoken in British Columbia.
		The bibliographies for individual languages of British Columbia are intended to include all of the documentation for the language.
	www.ydli.org /bcother/bibs.htm (131 words)

	Royal Ontario Museum \| About the ROM \| News \| Káxláya Gvi’ílás “The ones who uphold the laws of our ancestors” ...
		This unique exhibition celebrates the voices of the contemporary Heiltsuk community and is the first museum exhibition of Heiltsuk art and culture ever mounted, featuring works by present-day artists and artifacts from the ROM’s anthropological collections of Northwest Coast art.
		At the time of their contact with Europeans, the Heiltsuk were widely respected for their artistic and cultural achievements, and their navigational, trading and maritime skills.
		It emphasizes the five Heiltsuk artists named in the R.W. Large collection, relates their works to the families of these artists, and links their art to contemporary Heiltsuk culture through interviews with other present-day artists and community members.
	www.rom.on.ca /news/releases/public.php?mediakey=ttg4854k8z (739 words)

	Urban Heiltsuk Dancers - Indian and Northern Affairs Canada (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		For Elroy White one of the positive effects of "Kaxlaya Gv'ilas" was the coming together of Heiltsuk Nation members living in Vancouver and the Lower Mainland.
		Group members have various levels of knowledge of the Heiltsuk culture so an important part of their time together is learning about their culture.
		The Heiltsuk also believe it is important to share their culture and history with others, White says.
	www.ainc-inac.gc.ca /nr/nwltr/drm/w2001/pg6_e.html (738 words)

	Deixis in the Pacific Northwest
		Franz Boas -- one of the heroes of language documentation--, in the Introduction to his Handbook of American Indian Languages (Boas, 1911) famously discussed the system of obligatory distinctions found in `Eskimo' and Kwakw'ala (his Kwakiutl), a Northern Wakashan language of the Pacific Northwest.
		Thus, the Kwakiutl, and many other American languages, add to the pronominal concepts just discussed that of visibility and invisibility, while the Chinook add the concepts of present and past.
		In Heiltsuk, Ooweky'ala, and Haisla, there are no prenominal elements of the sort given by Boas for Kwakw'ala.
	www-unix.oit.umass.edu /~ebach/papers/pwdeixis.htm (2698 words)

	The SALMON Culture "Great Canadian Rivers"
		The R.W. Large Collection The Heiltsuk connection with land and sea is reflected in the painted masks, carved figures, boxes, baskets, bows, walking sticks, musical instruments, jewelry, tools and fishing gear of the Royal Ontario MuseumsÐ R.W. Large Collection.
		The Collection was the subject of a special 2000-2001 exhibit of Heiltsuk art and culture at the Royal Ontario Museum.
		The 2,000 Heiltsuk people who now live at Waglisla and Klemtu, at the heart of a territory that covers 22,000 square kilometres of islands, land and sea, are giving new voice to a traditional art and culture that once accorded them great respect.
	www.greatcanadianrivers.com /salmon/culture-home.html (470 words)

	First Nations Languages - Xwi7Xwa Library
		Yukon Native language Centre courses in Tlingit, Tagish, Kaska and Tutchone.
		Interactive ALR (American Language Reprint) This online resource can be used for the comparative study of Native American languages.
		Native Languages of the Americas A compendium of native languages
	www.library.ubc.ca /xwi7xwa/lang.htm (492 words)

	Northwest Coast Bibliography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Kess, J.F. A bibliography of the Haida language.
		Canestrelli, P.P. Grammar of the Kutenai language (annotated by Franz Boas).
		A grammar of Spokan: A Salish language of Eastern Washington.
	www.lib.montana.edu /~bcoon/nwcst.html (5048 words)

	Notes From the Field - August 2006
		The seemingly simple cedar building that we are celebrating is adorned with beautiful red and fl wolves and grizzly bears painted by Heiltsuk artist Martin Campbell, and smoke rises from the roof joining earth and sky.
		This is a different world, and tears come to my eyes when I watch the chiefs bless the house with eagle down, the fine feathers clinging to their forearms.
		I am amazed at the power of the young men who address the crowd in the Heiltsuk language, and I feel wonder and respect when the kids from the youth camp are called up and recognized as "the heartbeat of Koeye".
	www.raincoast.org /publications/note-field/august2006.htm (583 words)

	Ethnologue 14 report for language code:HEI
		The following is the entry for this language as it appeared in the 14th edition (2000).
		It has been superseded by the corresponding entry in the 15th edition (2005).
		Ethnologue data from Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 14th Edition
	www.ethnologue.com /show_language.asp?code=HEI (68 words)

	Headstart On-Reserve Program
		It's accessable by plane and ferry and the population is aprox.
		The Heiltsuk Nation is comprised of the descendants of the Heiltsuk Tribal Groups; 'Isdaitxv, Uyalitxv, Uwithitxv, 'Qvuqvayaitxv, Xixis, and 'Kviai'itxv who reside in Waglisla (Bella Bella) and who have inhabited their lands since time immemorial.
		The Heiltsuk Head Start Program is an enhancement program that works in partnership with the Bella Bella Community School and does outreach programs in addition to it's partnership.
	www.bcfnhs.org /f10.htm (350 words)

	Cariboo Chilcotin Coast - Adventure - Hakai
		Hakai Pass is located about 300 air miles from Vancouver, in British Columbia’s beautiful Central Coast region.
		Hakai means “wide passage” in the native Heiltsuk language, which perfectly describes the waterway that separates several major islands: Stirling, Underhill and Nalau to the north, and Calvert and Hecate to the south.
		Each summer, masses of baitfish that congregate around the many rocks, islets and islands of Hakai Pass attract and temporarily hold schools of salmon on their spawning migrations.
	www.landwithoutlimits.com /adventure/hakai (1020 words)

	BBCS \| Events
		This Potlatch is given by the students of Bella Bella, with direction from the Heiltsuk language department.
		Other schools interested in coming to participate are encouraged to phone the school at (250) 957-2391 and speak to the Heiltsuk Language Department.
		These family nights are tied to a particular theme, such as Math games or Literacy, allowing students and parents to come and join in fun educational activities.
	www.bellabella.ca /events.php (330 words)

	Foundational Report for a Strategy to Revitalize First Nation, Inuit and Métis Languages and Culture, Appendix H
		Language Minority Education in the United States: Research, Policy and Practice.
		Languages of the Land: A Manual for Aboriginal Language Activists.
		Taylor, D.M. “Carving a New Inuit Identity: The Role of Language in the Education of Inuit Children in Arctic Quebec.” Paper presented at the Circumpolar Education Conference, Umea, Sweden, June 1990.
	www.aboriginallanguagestaskforce.ca /rpt/bibliography_e.html (1991 words)

	Gurma language resources
		English is official language used in government, large-scale business, national...
		The Gurma Fulani of Burkina Faso The Fulani are a vast people group that emigrated from North Africa or the Middle East to West and Central Africa many centuries ago.
		Other languages include Dyula (one million speakers), Fulani (800,000), Gurma and Senufo (500,000 each), and Tuareg, or Talmashek (300,000).
	www.mongabay.com /indigenous_ethnicities/languages/languages/Gurma.html (1240 words)

	FDI - Heiltsuk
		The Heiltsuk were a maritime dialectic group located from Rivers Inlet to Douglas Channel in British Columbia.
		They traded with the Whites from first contact.
		Heiltsuk Nation Condemns DFO at Office in Vancouver http://www.geocities.com/insurrectionary_anarchists/hk.htm
	www.fourdir.com /heiltsuk.htm (94 words)

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