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Topic: Hell Gate Bridge

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	Hell Gate Bridge (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Hell Gate Bridge was the main element in a project that linked the Pennsylvania Railroad and the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad, allowing a direct route to New England.
		The Hell Gate Bridge, today has the 17th longest main steel arch span in the world, and continues to play a central role in rail transportation in the Northeast.
		Since the bridge was deemed structurally sound by Amtrak president W. Graham Claytor, Jr., he saw little need for spending money for "cosmetic purposes." Buttressed by a 1991 article in The New Yorker on what Moynihan called "a great engineering miracle," Congress appropriated $55 million to repair and refurbish the Hell Gate Bridge.
	www.hellgatebridge.org (367 words)

	Hell Gate Bridge - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The bridge was conceived in the early 1900s for the Pennsylvania Railroad to link New York to New England.
		Hell Gate Bridge is used by Amtrak and by some CSX, Canadian Pacific, and New York and Atlantic freight trains.
		The bridge and structure are owned by Amtrak, part of its Washington D.C. to Boston electrified main line known as the Northeast Corridor.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Hell_Gate_Bridge (405 words)

	Hell Gate - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Hell Gate is a narrow tidal channel in the East River in New York City in the United States.
		In 1936 it was spanned by the Triborough Bridge, allowing vehicular traffic to pass between Manhattan, the Bronx, and Queens.
		The name "Hell Gate" is a corruption of the Dutch phrase Hellegat, meaning "bright passage," which was originally applied to the entirety of the East River.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Hell_Gate (429 words)

	Greater Astoria Historical Society - History Topics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The 1,017-ft bridge is a two-hinged steel arch with a clear span from center to center of skewback hinges of 977.6 ft. Built to accommodate four railroad tracks, it was designed for a total live and dead load of 76,000 lb per lineal foot.
		While the nearby Triborough Bridge was constantly being maintained and repainted, the Hell Gate Bridge had not been painted since it opened in 1916, except by the skillful hands of graffiti artists.
		Since the bridge was deemed structurally sound by Amtrak president W. Graham Claytor, Jr., he saw little need for spending money for "cosmetic purposes." Buttressed by a 1991 article in The New Yorker on what Moynihan called "a great engineering miracle," Congress appropriated $55 million to repair and refurbish the Hell Gate Bridge.
	www.astorialic.org /topics/transportation/hellgate.shtm (864 words)

	Hell Gate on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		HELL GATE [Hell Gate] narrow channel of the East River, SE N.Y., between Wards Island and Astoria, Queens, New York City.
		It is crossed by the Triborough highway bridge and by the Hell Gate railroad bridge.
		The gate of Hell In 1945, an imposing iron gate in the woods caught the attention of John Randall - but the SAS officer was unprepared for the horrors that lay behind it.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/H/HellGate.asp (565 words)

	Note
		Hell Gate Bridge is the colloquial name for one section of a large system of railroad bridges connecting Queens to Manhattan and the Bronx.
		Hell Gate refers to the body of water which separates northern Queens from Ward’s Island; it is also the point at which the Harlem River joins the East River.
		Where the Brooklyn Bridge in chapter ten served to reinforce the sense of New York as an irredeemably other – a world into which one enters as one would another planet – the Hell Gate Bridge here begins to destabilize the early chapter’s radical opposition between New York City and the rest of the world.
	www.people.virginia.edu /~sat4n/notes/note17.html (525 words)

	HELL GATE—THE LARGEST ARCH BRIDGE IN THE WORLD
		The plans for this bridge have been recently submitted to the Municipal Art Commission for its approval, in accordance with the franchise granted by this city to the company.
		An interesting feature of this bridge is the method of erection, which will be carried through without the assistance of any false work in the whole 1,000 feet of its length.
		Gustav Lindenthal, the former Bridge Commissioner of this city, to whom we are indebted for assistance in the preparation of the present article.
	www.catskillarchive.com /rrextra/brhellg.Html (1271 words)

	New York Architecture Images-Hell Gate Bridge
		Highlighting this project was the Hell Gate span crossing the Hell Gate (roughly translated as "beautiful strait" in Dutch), a portion of the East River with treacherous currents separating Queens from Ward's Island, an island that was used for a large state mental hospital.
		Prior to the selection of the current design, three competing designs for a bridge with an 850-foot main span over the Hell Gate were considered: a stiffened suspension bridge with eyebar chains, a three-span continuous truss bridge, and a three-span cantilever bridge.
		Fortunately, the Hell Gate Bridge was evolved under such conditions, and therefore may be said to be one of the finest creations of engineering art of great size that this century has produced.
	www.nyc-architecture.com /BRI/BRI005-HellGate.htm (2478 words)

	LTV Inc. NYC Exploration
		It is the hell gate bridge, in astoria, queens.
		Hell Gate (or "Hell's Gate")is a massive structure, connecting queens to the Bronx, passing over wards/randalls island along the way.
		Hells gate was constructed with the sole purpose of connecting the Pennsylvania and New Haven railways, creating direct passenger rail service from New York to Boston.
	ltvsquad.com /Missions/Bridges/HellsGate/ThePearlyGates.php (1487 words)

	hellgate
		The Williams geep gives you an idea of the bridges size (the bridge is straight, the camera wasn't). You can use any type of track, I use Lionel tubular with Rick Johnson rubber roadbed, so it sits a little high.
		So how sturdy is the bridge? I placed two geeps, an AS-616, and the MTH 0-8-0 on it and it didn't seem to notice. As you can see from the shot of the underside (below) it's very well constructed, I counted 59 screws used to assemble the bridge.
		In order to use in on a floor layout, turn the bridge upside down and remove the 6 screws located at the underside of each support and the two screws used to secure each truss - 20 screws in all. Keep track of what screw came from where.
	www.homestead.com /ogauge/hellgate.html (227 words)

	Australia Harbour Bridge
		The Harbour Bridge is in Sydney, the bridge connects the central business district with the residential areas and the north shore commercial both situated on Sydney Harbour.
		The Sydney Harbour Bridge is considered as the largest single arch bridge of the world according to the Guinness Records.
		The Bridge has six traffic lanes on its main roadway, two lanes of road traffic, which were in the past two tram tracks, a footpath on the east side, a bicycle path on the west side and two railway tracks.
	www.travel-australia.org /sydney/harbour_bridge.html (210 words)

	Virtual Circle Line : Triborough and Hell Gate bridges (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The Triborough Bridge (the suspension bridge) is two and a half miles long, connecting Manhattan, Queens, and the Bronx.
		The Hell Gate bridge behind it is my favorite bridge in New York.
		(The "Hell Gate" is the narrow, deep channel with fast-moving currents beneath the bridge.) The masonry towers on either side of the arch aren't structurally necessary and were added for decoration when the architect felt it didn't look right.
	www.telescreen.org /circleline/index26.html (130 words)

	NYCRR Trip (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The main interest of this group is the rail route, built in 1917, which crosses over the Hell Gate Bridge from the Bronx to Queens.
		The crowning achievement of late 19th century bridge designer Gustav Lindenthal, the span also was the world's heaviest and longest steel arch bridge, at that time, when completed in 1917.
		Hell Gate Bridge was the main element of the New York Connecting Railroad's (NYCRR) project that linked the Pennsylvania Railroad and the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad, allowing a direct route to New England.
	www.trainsarefun.com /nycrr/nycrr.htm (655 words)

	Brief history of the Sydney Harbour Bridge
		When the Sydney Harbour Bridge was opened by the Premier of New South Wales, Mr Jack Lang on the 19th March 1932, the Harbour Bridge was one of the greatest engineering masterpieces of its time.
		The Hell Gate Bridge was a little shorter in span but was much lighter in construction as it only carried four railway tracks.
		Today the Harbour Bridge ranks second or third in the world in terms of span but it is still considered to be the greatest of its type in the world because of its load bearing capacity and width of nearly 50 metres.
	www.harbourbridge.com.au /hbpages/historycontx.html (1105 words)

	BBC - Nation on Film - Tyne Bridge - Construction
		The earliest bridge across the Tyne was built by the Romans, Pons Aelius, near the location of the present Tyne Bridge.
		The Tyne Bridge was designed by Mott, Hay and Anderson who based their design on the Sydney Harbour Bridge, which in turn derived its design from the Hell Gate Bridge in New York.
		The bridge was completed and opened in 1928 by King George V and the Queen who were the first to use the roadway travelling in their Ascot landau.
	www.bbc.co.uk /nationonfilm/topics/misc-work/tyne-bridge-construction-building.shtml (700 words)

	The East River (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		This bridge lies north of the Brooklyn Bridge and South of the Williamsburg Bridge.
		This is steel suspension bridge that connects the Hutchison River Parkway in the Bronx with Whitestone in Queens.
		This is a steel suspension bridge connecting Throgs Neck in the Bronx with Bayside in Queens.
	www.eastrivernyc.org /ebridges/erbridges.shtm (682 words)

	The New Yorker: Fact
		Matchless in its Art Deco splendor, the Golden Gate is also unrivalled as a symbol: it is a threshold that presides over the end of the continent and a gangway to the void beyond.
		San Francisco is the Golden Gate Bridge—I can’t escape it.” Milligan recently filed a wrongful-death lawsuit on behalf of her daughter’s estate against the Golden Gate Bridge District and the bridge’s board of directors, seeking to require them to put up a barrier.
		In 1953, a bridge supervisor named Mervin Lewis rejected an early proposal for a barrier by saying it was preferable that suicides jump into the Bay than dive off a building “and maybe kill somebody else.” (It’s a public-safety issue.) Although this belief makes intuitive sense, it is demonstrably untrue.
	www.newyorker.com /fact/content/?031013fa_fact (4553 words)

	Great Projects: The Building of America . Interviews \| PBS
		It's impossible for me, anyway, to think about that bridge apart from both the time at which it was conceived in the early 20th century and the man who did it.
		And the idea of a railroad bridge was to be something that was permanent, something that looked permanent, that looked solid and, nevertheless, would carry the loads with some degree of economy.
		That's the principle defect of the Hell Gate Bridge, is the fact that there is this dichotomy between the utilitarian side of it and the esthetic side of it.
	www.pbs.org /greatprojects/interviews/billington_4.html (781 words)

	Queens Chronicle - Western Edition
		Amtrak is also repairing one of the four tracks leading to the Hell Gate Bridge for the state Department of Transportation, which uses the track to haul waste on freight trains between Oak Point Yard in the Bronx to Fresh Pond in Long Island.
		The Hell Gate Bridge, also known as the East River Arch, carries four railway tracks across an arm of the East River.
		Trains approaching the Hell Gate Bridge rise to a height of 135 feet by the time they cross the East River.
	www.zwire.com /site/news.cfm?BRD=1865&dept_id=152944&newsid=15800804&PAG=461&rfi=9 (464 words)

	CANOE Travel - Caribbean - From Devil's Bridge to Hell's Gate
		Hell's Gate, on the other hand, is on a small island and can only be reached by boat.
		This is Hell's Gate Island, where Fuller gives us three options: Relax on the boat with a rum punch; snorkel at a nearby reef; or climb to the top of Hell's Gate.
		Sturdy shoes are a must for this last and most adventurous option, because after swimming a few metres from the boat to the base of Hell's Gate, you have to climb some very sharp rocks.
	travel.canoe.ca /Travel/Caribbean/LesserAntilles/2005/02/02/919390-sun.html (810 words)

	steinman (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The construction of the bridge proceeded, and the engineers kept requesting millions of dollars, until the final cost of the project was $50,000,000.
		Steinman wanted to design a suspension bridge (naturally), but the state government insisted on a cantilever bridge, for its elementary form and ease in design.
		The suspension bridge was chosen, but the design was subjected to numerous architectural studies.
	filebox.vt.edu:8080 /users/mawagner/steinman_early_design_years.htm (687 words)

	Steel Arch Bridge Projects
		The Hell Gate bridge, completed in 1916, was the longest steel-arch span in the world.
		The Bayonne Bridge was designed by Othmar Ammann and opened to traffic on November 15,1931.
		The bridge was awarded a prize for the most beautiful steel arch bridge of 1931 by American Institute for Steel Construction.
	bridgepros.com /projects/Steel_Arch_bridge_projects.htm (296 words)

	The Hell Gate Bridge - Wired New York Forum
		To me, the differences between the Hell Gate and the Sydney are comparable to the differences between the Bronx-Whitestone and the Verrazano-Narrows, both designed by Lindenthal's assistant, Othmar Ammann.
		I live in Astoria in the shadow of the Hell Gate Bridge, and Astoria is the Hell Gate Bridge.
		The SHB was built by John Bradfield but a lot of the Design was done by Ralp Freeman and is a copy of Hells gate it was finished on 19th March 1932 with the loss of 16 lives.
	www.wirednewyork.com /forum/showthread.php?p=26946 (723 words)

	NYCDOT - Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) Bridges (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		DOT's Division of Bridges is responsible for the design, construction, maintenance and operation of the 790 bridges (including 6 tunnels) and 67 culverts presently under the jurisdiction of the Department of Transportation.
		The three landmarked bridges not operated by DOT are the George Washington Bridge (Port Authority of New York and New Jersey), Highbridge (NYC Department of Environmental Protection), and Hell Gate Bridge (Amtrak).
		The Williamsburg Bridge, with its 35-story steel towers, is the largest of the three suspension bridges that span the East River.
	www.nyc.gov /html/dot/html/about/faqs_bridge.html (890 words)

	Greater Astoria Historical Society - History Topics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		On August 1, the Star reported that Gustav Lindenthal, the designer of the Hell Gate Bridge, had died at the age of eighty-five the previous evening, at his home, the Lindens, in Metuchen, New Jersey.
		Bridging the Hell Gate was a problem which presented obstacles unprecedented in the history of engineering.
		The Bridge, today has the 17th longest main steel arch span in the world.
	www.astorialic.org /starjournal/1930s/1935august.shtm (992 words)

	The Hell Gate Bridge in HO - Trains.com Forums
		There are a number of references on the web to the "Hell Gate Bridge" and the larger but similar "Sydney Harbour Bridge" (the Sydney bridge had six road lanes as well as the four rail tracks) and some of them will have basic drawings that you might be able to use.
		A feature of these two bridges is the change in the depth of the arch girder at at the ends to allow enough height for the trains (and catenary) to pass under the end "portal", so the upper span members look "flattened" compared to the lower span members in the arch.
		The bridge north approach is on a curve that goes from (travelingsouth) southwest to southeast and across Little Hell Gate brige from the main HG span and across the East river.
	www.trains.com /TRC/CS/forums/ShowPost.aspx?PageIndex=1&PostID=258478 (1169 words)

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