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Topic: Hellenistic world

	American Historical Association (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		These two aspects of the Hellenistic period, the emergence of Greek culture as a significant factor in the culture of the old world and the decline of Greece's Near Eastern rivals, were intertwined, since it was Macedonian imperial domination in the east that facilitated the cultural hegemony of Greece.
		Hellenistic historiography was in every sense a continuation of the Classical tradition of historical writing inasmuch as the historians shared the same polis-centered viewpoint of their fifth-and fourth-century B.C. predecessors, treated similar subjects, used their predecessors' works as models, and even sometimes wrote continuations of them.
		In other words, Hellenistic philosophers were concerned with man in the abstract; their goal was to devise ethical systems that would enable him to find happiness by gaining such control of his internal life that he could accept with equanimity whatever blows the external world dealt him.
	www.historians.org /pubs/Free/BURSTEIN.HTM (13247 words)

	Lecture 9: From "Polis" to "Cosmopolis" -- Alexander and Hellenistic Greece, 323-30 B.C.
		and the Hellenistic World, 323-30 B.C. There is little doubt that the Peloponnesian War ultimately signified the end of the city-state as a creative force which fulfilled the lives of the citizenry (on the Peloponnesian War, see Lecture 7).
		Such a shift was decisive in creating the Hellenistic world as a world of conflicting identities, and when identities are challenged or changed, intense internal conflicts are the result.
		Hellenistic philosophers questioned such an order and in general, turned to the inner harmony of the individual – a form of therapy with which to deal with an increasingly cold and impersonal world.
	www.historyguide.org /ancient/lecture9b.html (4488 words)

	Hellenistic Astrology [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy]
		Hellenistic and Late Antiquity astrologers built their craft upon Babylonian (and to a lesser extent Egyptian) astrological traditions, and developed their theoretical and technical doctrines using a combination of Stoic, Middle Platonic and Neopythagorean thought.
		One notable Stoic contribution to Hellenistic astrology which distinguishes it from the Babylonian is the incorporation of Chryssipus' principle of two forces, active and passive, manifest in the activities of the four elements.
		The importance of Antiochus for the development of Hellenistic astrology may be his break with the skepticism of the New Academy, one which allowed the Middle Platonists to espouse more theological and speculative views about the soul and the cosmos while anticipating Neoplatonic theories.
	www.iep.utm.edu /a/astr-hel.htm (19010 words)

	Classical Drama: The Hellenistic Age (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Hellenistic writing departs from the abstract reasoning of the ancient philosophers and the profound questioning of the classical poets.
		The Hellenistic age saw the development of sophisticated military weapons and tactics and the growth of an international bureaucracy.
		The other Hellenistic literary innovation is the pastoral poem, a genre created by Theocritus, who wrote in the early years of the third century B.C. Both of these forms exemplify escapist literature, products of the difficult political and geographical circumstances of the Hellenistic world.
	newman.baruch.cuny.edu /digital/2000/c_n_c/c_03_classic/hellenistic_age.htm (1046 words)

	from jesus to christ: a portrait of jesus' world: hellenistic culture
		The Hellenistic world is that world that was created after the conquests of the near east by Alexander the Great at the end of the fourth century B.C. And his conquest, which extended from India all the way through Egypt, [was] divided into three main areas within 20 years after his death.
		The language and culture of the Hellenistic world was Greek.
		Jewish culture and civilization during the Hellenistic period was in intense dialogue with Hellenistic culture and civilization, beginning with the translation of Hebrew scriptures into Greek, a translation which survives and which we know as the Septuagint.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/religion/portrait/hellenisticculture.html (1318 words)

	Hellenistic_Philosophy.html
		One of the reasons for their alienation from society was that they considered themselves to be "citizens of the world," which meant that the Cynic was "a member of a universal community or cosmic polity and not to any nation or city.
		The Hellenistic philosophy had attempted to resolve new problems of not being a slave to Tyche and still being an agent in the world, after the old ideals collapsed.
		Hellenistic philosophy sought the ideal wise man. Cynicism attempted to provide guidance for this new world, by advocating independence from civilization and engaging in deliberate poverty.
	members.tripod.com /~Kekrops/Hellenistic_Files/Hellenistic_Philosophy.html (5574 words)

	hellenism.html
		The Hellenistic World: A 19th century Greek term, "Hellenistic Greece" describes the three centuries in which Greek culture spread from the Greek peninsula to Egypt and far into Asia.
		The Hellenistic world was larger than the world of the classical Greek polis.
		Alexander was a legendary figure for the Greek world — he never lost a battle or failed in a siege, and he conquered a vast empire with a very modest army.
	www.loyno.edu /~seduffy/hellenism.html (2258 words)

	Royalty.nu - Greek Royalty - History, News, Books About Royal Greece
		The Greek world from the 8th century BC emergence of the Greek city-states to the establishment of the Greek monarchies some five centuries later.
		The Spartans: The World of the Warrior-Heroes of Ancient Greece, From Utopia to Crisis and Collapse by Paul Cartledge.
		The Hellenistic Age From the Battle of Ipsos to the Death of Kleopatra VII edited by Stanley M. Burstein.
	www.royalty.nu /Europe/Balkan/Greece.html (1952 words)

	The Roman World of Jesus: An Overview
		This philosophical dualism--especially its view that this world is transient--is reflected at points in the New Testament, especially when the earthly realm is described as a shadow of the heavenly realm (for example in the letter to the Hebrews).
		In the larger Hellenistic world the ideas, beliefs, and sometimes the lifestyle of religious-philosophical leaders were often perpetuated in the "schools." As early as the sixth century, the followers of Pythagoras gathered around him in southern Italy to form a tightly-knit brotherhood or association.
		Still another type of religion in the Hellenistic world is the "mystery religion." Mystery religions seem to have originated in different countries but the gods or goddesses of one religion were often identified with those of another because they had similar characteristics.
	www.religiousstudies.uncc.edu /JDTABOR/overview-roman-world.html (4874 words)

	Search Results for "Hellenistic"
		Economy, Society, and Culture The Hellenistic Age began with a century of large-scale Greco-Macedonian emigration into the...
		Hellenistic civilization, The conquests of Alexander the Great spread Hellenism immediately over the Middle East and far into Asia.
		Hellenistic Age The period from the death of Alexander the Great in 323 B.C. to the middle of the first century B.C. It was marked by Greek and Macedonian emigration...
	www.bartleby.com /cgi-bin/texis/webinator/sitesearch?FILTER=&query=Hellenistic (304 words)

	Rome: The Conquest of the Hellenistic Empires
		Although the Hellenistic world fractured in pieces, nonetheless the end of the fourth century saw three great empires controlling the world east of Rome.
		Rome had almost been destroyed by Carthage and the Macedonian kingdom under Philip V 221-179 BC) had allied themselves with Carthage; the Hellenistic world had appeared on the Roman radar in the only way that foreign countries ever appeared on the Roman radar: as a potential threat.
		However, the massive wealth that was created for Rome awoke old tensions between the classes, and the Republic would live in a state of crisis for over a hundred years—a crisis that, at its conclusion, would precipitate the demise of the Republic in favor of a dictatorship.
	www.wsu.edu:8080 /~dee/ROME/CONQHELL.HTM (837 words)

	4. The Classical Age, 510-323 B.C.E. 2001. The Encyclopedia of World History
		Slaves were often freed, or manumitted, and eventually their descendants merged with the free population.
		By the 5th century, Athenian coinage became the predominant medium of exchange in the Greek world, though after the Peloponnesian War, the Rhodian standard replaced it in Ionia.
		The first true historian in the Western world, Herodotus of Halicarnassus (484–425), wrote a lengthy account of the Persian War.
	www.bartleby.com /67/186.html (1319 words)

	Hellenistic Coin Portraits (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		Although some cities managed to remain independent in the Hellenistic period, the Hellenistic world was above all characterized by kingdoms, first the immense empire of Alexander the Great, and after his death the smaller kingdoms carved out of it by his closest associates, the Diadochs or Successors.
		The portraits are masterpieces of Hellenistic art, depicting in fine detail not only the features of the men (and occasionally women) about whom we often know so little, but also indications of how their subjects were intended to regard them.
		The Hellenistic practice of using portraits on coins was in sharp contrast to Greek custom, which primarily used deities, heroes, and their attributes as coin types.
	www.lawrence.edu /dept/art/buerger/essays/hellenis.html (346 words)

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		The common denominator to membership in the Hellenistic hierarchy, regardless of ethnic origin, was Greek language and Greek culture, obtained exclusively through educational training in the Greek gymnasium.
		Many Hellenistic kings continued to employ the "meritocratic" policies of Philip and Alexander, recruiting the "best and the brightest" of the Greek world to command their armies and to serve as governors, courtiers, financiers, and ambassadors.
		Hierarchical status at the Hellenistic court was designated by recognition as "a friend of the king," and marriage alliances with the royal families cemented such relationships closer still.
	web.ics.purdue.edu /~rauhn/hellenistic_world.htm (3238 words)

	The Hellenistic World
		Thus, the Hellenistic Age got its name from the term "hellene," which was how the Greeks referred to themselves.
		The Hellenistic Age basically refers to a period of the intense borrowing of all things Greek.
		Religious uncertainty emerged during the Hellenistic Age because most people were used to belonging to a polis which had a specific god or goddess associated with it.
	home.triad.rr.com /warfford/ancient/hellene.html (1027 words)

	* The House of Ptolemy: The Hellenistic World Outside of the Ptolemaic Realms *
		The Hellenistic World Outside of the Ptolemaic Realms
		This period was the first age of Western imperial expansion in Asia and one of the principal formative epochs in the history of ancient Eurasia.
		This was: * The House of Ptolemy: The Hellenistic World Outside of the Ptolemaic Realms * at
	www.houseofptolemy.org /houseout.htm (665 words)

	Bryn Mawr Classical Review 2003.12.04
		Blackwell's Companion to the Hellenistic World is the first published of a proposed series of Companions intended to reflect 'the diverse, vibrant scholarship on antiquity', and to 'present accessible, authoritative overviews by experts on all aspects of the ancient world'.
		She pushes the boundaries of the term Hellenistic itself and argues that early local Italian histories must be seen in both a Hellenistic and a Roman context.
		He questions whether Hellenistic warfare changed with the advent of the successor kingdoms and suggests that, although the monarchies profoundly affected the political landscape of the wider Hellenistic world, the more traditional world of the polis remained largely unaffected.
	ccat.sas.upenn.edu /bmcr/2003/2003-12-04.html (3783 words)

	The Helenistic Age
		The Hellenistic age is the period between the death of Alexander the Great and the rise of the Roman Empire under Augustus---that is, from 323 B.C. to 30 B.C. During these three hundred years, Greek
		The term Hellenistic is also used to distinguish this period from the Classical (or Hellenic) period, which preceded it.
		Thus Egypt came to be ruled by the Ptolemies, Macedonia and Greece by the Antigonids, and Syria and Persia by the Seleucids.
	www.molloy.edu /sophia/ancient_lit/hellenisticage1.htm (1628 words)

	Classics: Modules: Helenistic World: Bibliography
		Walbank’s Hellenistic World, Shipley’s Greek World, Erskine’s Hellenistic World, Bugh, Cambridge Companion to the Hellenistic World and Cambridge Ancient History (= CAH) VII are relevant throughout.
		Cartledge and A. Spawforth, Hellenistic and Roman Sparta.
		M.M. Austin, The Hellenistic World from Alexander to the Roman Conquest (1981)
	www2.warwick.ac.uk /fac/arts/classics/modules/hellenistic/bibliography (1487 words)

	Hellenistic Thought
		Although the general culture of this "Hellenistic" period remained Greek in spirit, political power was vested in a highly centralized state, established and maintained primarily through extensive applications of military force.
		Hellenistic philosophers, therefore, devoted less attention than had Plato and Aristotle to the speculative construction of an ideal state that would facilitate the achievement of a happy life.
		Despite (or because of) the gloomy prospects held forward by these schools of philosophy, the later Hellenistic period also produced significant movement toward the consolidation of the older Greek philosophical tradition with the middle-eastern religions of Judaism and Christianity.
	www.philosophypages.com /hy/2w.htm (1732 words)

	[No title]
		Welles' Alexander and the Ancient World (Toronto 1970), of comparable length, while now admittedly less up-to-date, was none the less more readable and scarcely less informative.
		The chapter on "The Frontiers of the Hellenistic World" could have profited from a summary at the end.
		The "mixed Jewish and Hellenistic environment," within which Walbank rightly sees Christianity emerging and developing, was not a result of the Maccabaean uprising rather came about in spite of it.
	www.infomotions.com /serials/bmcr/bmcr-9404-bloedow-hellenistic.txt (1226 words)

	The Hellenistic World: Definitions (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		The Septuagint is written in the Hellenistic dialect of koine, and is linguistically of great importance for its effect on the diction of the New Testament.
		He believed that the world was just a series of accidental combinations of atoms, and even the gods were made up of them.
		Zeno believed that nature could be "the vehicle of world harmony" and that all things in heaven and on earth have a cosmic interchangeability.
	www.moyak.com /researcher/resume/papers/definitions_ancient.html (5075 words)

	Hellenistic Philosophy
		Hellenistic philosophy is a name for a variety of philosophical options which flourished in the period from the life of Alexander the Great (356-323 BCE) to the late 2nd century CE.
		Hellenistic culture accentuated lowest common denominators among its many diverse citizens and subjects, in a bid to maintain some peace and facilitate day to day life.
		Thus the Hellenistic world was the world of the first Christians.
	people.bu.edu /wwildman/WeirdWildWeb/courses/wphil/lectures/wphil_theme04.htm (5252 words)

	Greeks and Jews
		At some point, in the dim recesses of time, after the world had been destroyed by flood, the nations of the earth were all contained in the three sons of Noah.
		In the ancient world, it was not possible to become a citizen of a state if you weren't born in that state.
		The most important event of the Hellenistic period, though, is the translation of the Torah into Greek in Ptolemaic Egypt.
	www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org /jsource/History/Greeks.html (1170 words)

	Epicurus [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy]
		Epicurus is one of the major philosophers in the Hellenistic period, the three centuries following the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BCE (and of Aristotle in 322 BCE).
		Epicurus taught that the basic constituents of the world are atoms, uncuttable bits of matter, flying through empty space, and he tried to explain all natural phenomena in atomic terms.
		He taught that the point of all one's actions was to attain pleasure (conceived of as tranquility) for oneself, and that this could be done by limiting one's desires and by banishing the fear of the gods and of death.
	www.utm.edu /research/iep/e/epicur.htm (5535 words)

	Bryn Mawr Classical Review 2003.02.16
		Considering the amount of scholarship on the hellenistic world that has been published over the last two decades, one might question the need to produce an English translation of a survey of the hellenistic world that was published originally in French twenty-two years ago.
		His hellenistic world is one of significant continuity from the classical period, while at the same time displaying considerable innovation and vitality.
		In Chapter 5 "The Agony of the Hellenistic World," C. continues to trace Rome's increased involvement in the eastern Mediterranean and the eventual collapse of the last dynasty in Egypt.
	ccat.sas.upenn.edu /bmcr/2003/2003-02-16.html (1852 words)

	Hellenistic Civilization (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-16)
		It was a failure that would leave the Hellenistic civilization that followed Alexander weak and vulnerable to a power that was rising in the west: Rome.
		Some people in Hellenistic society adhered to the school of philosophy called Cynicism, a school of thought some other philosophers saw as hardly worthy of the name of philosophy.
		He saw contrary belief as a source of trouble in the world, and when he was in his thirties he established himself as a teacher in the city of Elis, in the northwest of Peloponnesia.
	www.fsmitha.com /h1/ch12.htm (8447 words)

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