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	Kreisau Circle - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Kreisau Circle (German: Kreisauer Kreis) was the name the Gestapo gave to a group of Germans centered at the Kreisau estate of Helmuth James Graf von Moltke in order to envision an alternative to Nazism.
		The group was united by its abhorrence of Nazism and its desire to conceive of a new Germany after the fall of Hitler.
		On 19 January 1944 Moltke was arrested and the Kreisau Circle fell in disarray.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Kreisau_Circle (301 words)

	Helmuth von Moltke - InfoSearchPoint.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		Helmuth von Moltke was the name of three German generals.
		Helmuth Karl Bernhard von Moltke (October 26, 1800 - April 24, 1891), who became Helmuth Graf von Moltke in 1870, was a famous Prussian general.
		Helmuth Johannes Ludwig von Moltke (von Moltke the Younger) (1848 - 1916), a nephew of the Great Moltke, served as German Chief of Staff from 1906 to 1914.
	www.infosearchpoint.com /display/Helmuth_von_Moltke (341 words)

	Moltke, Helmuth Karl Bernhard, Graf von. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		The successful completion of the Danish War (1864) and of the Austro-Prussian War (1866) was due to his tactics, and in the Franco-Prussian War (1870–71) Moltke’s genius, evinced especially in his plan of mobilization, led to complete Prussian victory.
		Moltke owed many of his military successes to the elasticity of his strategy.
		Moltke was a member of the diet of the North German Confederation (1867–71) and of the Reichstag (1871–91).
	www.bartleby.com /65/mo/MoltkeHKB.html (289 words)

	January 11: Moltke's last letter to wife Freya
		Moltke believed that the hand of God had been at work throughout his life to bring him to the moment when his life must be sacrificed in opposition to evil.
		Witness Against Hitler This powerful drama stars James Wilby as Helmuth James von Moltke, a young German aristocrat who was one of the last to be executed for resisting Adolf Hitler.
		Helmuth James was an international lawyer who used his skills to circumvent -- initially through legal means and eventually through illegal activity -- the worst of Hitler's regime.
	chi.gospelcom.net /DAILYF/2002/01/daily-01-11-2002.shtml (621 words)

	GHI Bulletin 27 - Conferences and Workshops (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		The von Moltkes lived in Kreisau in the eastern Prussian province of Silesia, now part of Poland, in a castle from which they oversaw a thousand acres of land and forest.
		In her conversation with Christof Mauch, von Moltke recalled memories of her youth in the Rheinland, her holidays in Austria, and her studies at Bonn University.
		Moltke implored her listeners not to overvalue the importance of the Kreisauer Circle but rather to see it as it actually was: a series of important, if sporadic, discussions among a group of regime opponents from different political camps.
	www.ghi-dc.org /bulletin27F00/b27confwitness.html (1166 words)

	Helmuth von Moltke - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Field Marshal Helmuth Graf von Moltke (the elder) (1800–1891)
		Colonel General Helmuth von Moltke (the younger) (1848–1916)
		This is a disambiguation page: a list of articles associated with the same title.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Helmuth_von_Moltke (106 words)

	Boston.com / A&E / Theater/Arts / German couple's letters inspire playwright's 'Journey'
		Helmuth James was not involved in the plot, but some of his friends were.
		Helmuth James was executed by the Gestapo in 1945.
		Helmuth James' parents were Christian Scientists and spent time in Boston helping translate Mary Baker Eddy's textbook, "Science and Health With Key to the Scriptures," into German.
	www.boston.com /ae/theater_arts/articles/2005/01/21/german_couples_letters_inspire_playwrights_journey?mode=PF (678 words)

	STIFTUNG TEMPLE GIFT
		The primary purpose of the programme is to enable young British and German academics and students, who are beginning their careers, to deepen their professional, cultural and personal experiences in Germany or, as the case may be, in Great Britain and thereby form their own picture of a friendly country.
		The scholarship programme is named after Helmuth James Graf von Moltke, who was a German lawyer in Berlin and an English Barrister-at-Law in London.
		Graf von Moltke was a member of the Kreisauer Kreis, a German resistance movement, and was executed in 1945.
	www.templegift.de /docs/uk/6/2.shtml (331 words)

	GHI Bulletin 26 - Preface (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		Freya von Moltke's recollections of the resistance to the Nazi regime - as embodied in her husband Helmuth James Graf von Moltke and the Kreisauer Circle - formed the centerpiece of a workshop on "Witnessing the Third Reich." "We are not victims," von Moltke said at the event, "we were working for a better Germany."
		We are pleased to note that the conversation with von Moltke, Kramer's keynote speech, and Mommsen's lecture each attracted an unprecedented audience of over 150 people.
		All three scholars are engaged in comparative research: Waltraud Schelkle, an economics professor at the Free University of Berlin, and Christine von Oertzen, a historian from the Technical University of Berlin, are collaborating with American partners funded by the National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH).
	www.ghi-dc.org /bulletin27F00/b27preface.html (607 words)

	Helmuth von Moltke -- Encyclopædia Britannica (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		A nephew of Helmuth von Moltke, he rose rapidly in the German army and served as adjutant to his uncle from 1882.
		Prussian field marshal and chief of staff Helmuth von Moltke was known among his colleagues as “the Golden Man,” and so he seemed to be with his brilliant military leadership, his skill as a writer, and his reputation for honesty and decency.
		At the start of World War I, General Helmuth von Moltke was chief of the German General Staff.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9372422?tocId=9372422 (583 words)

	Unemployment Encyclopedia Article, Information, History and Biography @ LocalColorArtists.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		The welfare state then responds with various benefits that are paid for by the middle and upper class which reduces their ability to consume and their incentive to work hard and innovate.
		Economists like Ludwig Von Misses, Milton Friedman, Friedrich Von Hayek, and many others not only believe that the welfare of society decreases with this kind of intervention but that these economic policies are not sustainable.
		There is considerable debate amongst economists as to what the main causes of unemployment are.
	localcolorartists.com /encyclopedia/Unemployment (4122 words)

	Axis History Forum :: View topic - Revised Topography of the NSDAP
		Graf Stauffenberg was, however, quite fond of 'pure National Socialism' which tended to combine social concerns with the national interest and to end the class struggle.
		Gisevius was a very ambitious man, and Graf Stauffenberg was not likely to agree to the position Gisevius expected for himself, namely that of a 'Reich Commissar for Purges and Restoration of Public Order' and that he was to be put in charge of the entire civilian executive.
		Graf Stauffenberg also showed interest in the political future of a post-nazi Germany (who wouldn't?), and Gisevius saw this as a military officer meddling in politics.
	forum.axishistory.com /viewtopic.php?t=37334&start=0 (2628 words)

	Moltke, Helmuth Johannes Ludwig, Graf von. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		A favorite of Emperor William II, he succeeded Alfred von Schlieffen as chief of general staff in 1906.
		Shortly before the outbreak of World War I, Moltke modified his predecessor’s famous plan by withdrawing several divisions from the right wing of the potential Western front, in order to reinforce the left.
		On Sept. 14, 1914, Moltke was succeeded as chief of staff by General Erich von Falkenhayn.
	www.bartleby.com /65/mo/MoltkeHJL.html (153 words)

	Commemoration (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		The rooms housing the current exhibition include the former office of Colonel Claus Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg, the center of the attempted coup of July 20, 1944.
		On the top left are pictures of Peter Graf Yorck von Wartenburg and Helmuth James Graf von Moltke, a relative, the leaders of the Kreisau Circle.
		Field Marschall von Witzleben, Colonel-General Hoeper, Major-General Stieff, Lieutenant von Hagen, Lieutenant-General von Hase, Lieutenant-Colonel Bernardis, Captain Klausing and Peter Yorck von Wartenburg were the first eight members of the resistance to be tried on August 7th and 8th.
	www.punahou.edu /js/gradek/f/commemorationday.html (748 words)

	H-Net Review: Cora Granata on Memories of Kreisau and the German Resistance (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		Freya von Moltke offers a detailed and at times sentimental account of her daily life on her husband's Silesian estate in Kreisau, where the group met three times in May 1942, October 1942, and June 1943.
		While Freya emphasizes Helmuth's committed opposition to National Socialism, her discussion of the couple's everyday life also illuminates the daily compromises and negotiations the family undertook to navigate life under the Nazi dictatorship.
		The National Socialists arrested Helmuth in January 1944 for alerting a friend that he was to be taken into custody, a matter unrelated to the Kreisau Circle.
	www.h-net.org /reviews/showrev.cgi?path=225641076894638 (1589 words)

	Please title this page. (wwiiterms.html)
		Led by Helmuth James Graf von Moltke and Peter Graf Yorck von Wartenburg, the circle met at the Moltke family estate in Kreisau, Silesia (now Krzyzowa, Poland).
		Gustav Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach was regarded by the victorious Allies as one of the most prominent war criminals.
		As head of the main armaments firm of Germany and Europe and as one of the Fuehrer's most devoted supporteers among German industrialists, the elder Krupp, aged 74 at the clost of the war, was accused of complicity in Hitler's aggression.
	www.geocities.com /ResearchTriangle/Thinktank/1532/wwii/terms/k.html (2768 words)

	GDW - Biographien (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		Between 1938 and 1940, he maintains close contacts with Fritz-Dietlof Graf von der Schulenburg and Ulrich-Wilhelm Graf Schwerin von Schwanenfeld, with whom he also discusses planning scenarios for Germany after the end of National Socialism.
		Along with Yorck, Moltke is one of the leading thinkers of the Kreisau Circle.
		In the wake of the unsuccessful attempt on Hitler's life on July 20, 1944, Yorck is arrested on August 8, 1944; he is sentenced to death by the People's Court and murdered the same day in Berlin-Plötzensee.
	www.gdw-berlin.de /bio/ausgabe-e.php?id=14 (292 words)

	adolf hitler biography
		Field Marshal Erwin Rommel and Günther von Kluge may have been involved in the plot and in any event were forced to commit suicide because of it.
		Walther von Brauchitsch succeeds Fritsch as Commander-in-Chief of the Army.
		He was influenced by the pseudoscientific and neo-religious writings of the race ideologist and anti-Semite Lanz von Liebenfels and polemics from politicians such as Karl Lueger, the Mayor of Vienna and Georg Ritter von Schönerer, the "Führer" (leader) of the Pan-Germanistic movement.
	sstotenkopf.blogspot.com (10191 words)

	Adjutant articles on Encyclopedia.com
		Moltke, Helmuth Johannes Ludwig, Graf von MOLTKE, HELMUTH JOHANNES LUDWIG, GRAF VON [Moltke, Helmuth Johannes Ludwig, Graf von], 1848-1916, German army officer.
		He fought in the Franco-Prussian War (1870-71) and became adjutant to his uncle, Field Marshal H. von Moltke, in 1882.
		He served under Gen. James Wolfe in the French and Indian Wars and was wounded at Quebec (1759).
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=Adjutant (523 words)

	Paper about Bob O'Brien and Planetary Posts
		Moltke consults Rosenstock because of his engagement in the field of adult education.
		This was done by Rosenstock, Moltke and numerous other people by organizing work camps for people from all walks of life, more explicitly for workers, farmers and students.
		James dreamed of making active human capacities that normally only become visible in times of war, in times of peace and for the sake of mankind.
	www.xs4all.nl /~feico/Planetary/bob_millikin.htm (4413 words)

	Alfred Delp - Psychology Central (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		As of 1942, Delp officially worked together with the clandestine group around Helmuth James Graf von Moltke to develop a model for a new social order after the Third Reich came to an end.
		After the July 20 plot failed, Delp was arrested in Munich on 28 July 1944 (eight days after Claus von Stauffenberg's attempt on Hitler's life), although he was not involved in the actual preparations for the plot.
		Alfred Delp was remembered by his Jesuit peers as something of a headstrong enfant terrible who sometimes caused his superiors headaches with his fiercely independent behaviour, but they chose for him the epitaph: "He lived as a sinner and died as a martyr".
	psychcentral.com /psypsych/Alfred_Delp (914 words)

	The Holocaust Chronicle PROLOGUE: Roots of the Holocaust, page 497
		The Kreisau Circle of Helmuth James Graf von Moltke (pictured) planned for a new Germany guided by Christian principles.
		The military group led by charismatic Colonel Claus von Stauffenberg plotted to assassinate Hitler with a bomb and establish a government that would make peace with the Allies.
		Some were shot; others were tortured and then sent to the Plötzensee Prison, where they were hung from meat hooks until they slowly strangled to death.
	www.holocaustchronicle.org /staticpages/497.html (469 words)

	articles
		The plan failed, because it was impossible to find a suitable hiding place for von Moltke on the outside.) It's almost a miracle that this man of God, who broke every "law" in the name of justice and extended a sheltering hand over dozens of persecuted individuals, should have survived the Third Reich unscathed.
		Von Einem belong to a circle of musicians at the Staatsoper, who felt they belonged to the opposition, in their lives and their work.
		Von Einem had just completed a ballet, "Princess Turandot," for which the later world-famous Tatjana Gsovsky was doing the choreography.
	www.peterschneider-autor.de /articles.htm (17340 words)

	Plötzensee Memorial Center (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		On September 7 and 8, 1944, the proceedings focus on the civilian leaders of the coup attempt as Carl Friedrich Goerdeler, Wilhelm Leuschner, Josef Wirmer, Ulrich von Hassell, and Paul Lejeune-Jung go on trial.
		Social Democrats Julius Leber, Hermann Maaß, and Adolf Reichwein are sentenced on October 20, 1944.
		Helmuth James Graf von Moltke writes to his wife Freya: ”We are being executed because we thought together.” Moltke is sentenced to death together with Franz Sperr and Alfred Delp; a few days later Freisler sentences Theodor Haubach, Theodor Steltzer, and Nikolaus Gross to death.
	www.gedenkstaette-ploetzensee.de /14_e.html (323 words)

	How much obedience does an officer need?
		Colonel General Kurt Baron von Hammerstein-Equord, who was assigned to arrest Hitler, was appointed commander of Army Detachment A in the west.
		Later, he married Erika von Falkenhayn, daughter of the former chief of the General Staff during the Great War, and decided to join the ranks again (1926).
		Helmuth James Graf von Moltke, Briefe an Freya (Münich: Beck, 1991), 580; and Rudolf-Christoph von Gersdorff, 144.
	www-cgsc.army.mil /carl/resources/csi/Zwygart/zwygart.asp (12248 words)

	German Resistance Memorial Center - Topic 'Plans for a Government' (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-11)
		While the domestic policy aims of the resistance reflect diverse traditions of political thought for a long time, they increasingly come to accept the basic tenant that the state and the economy must serve the good of the individual.
		The circle around Helmuth James Graf von Moltke and Peter Graf Yorck von Wartenburg in particular attempts to overcome the differences in the views on the state and society held by conservatives, liberals, Social Democrats, Protestants, and Catholics.
		The results of these discussions can be seen in the policy statements which Carl Friedrich Goerdeler and Ludwig Beck prepare for the event that they assume power following a successful assassination.
	www.gdw-berlin.de /b13/b13-ein2-e.php (370 words)

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