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Topic: Hematochezia

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Melena

Colon cancer

Pyrosis

Diverticulosis

Dysphagia

Colon (anatomy)

List of medical symptoms

	Hematochezia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Hematochezia is the passage of bright red blood from the rectum, with or without feces.
		It is commonly associated with lower gastrointestinal bleeding, most often due to either hemorrhoids or diverticulosis; however, it can be related to colon cancer, which is a potentially fatal illness.
		Hematochezia is rarely due to upper gastrointestinal bleeding, as the blood from upper bleeding is usually chemically modified by action of acid and enzymes, resulting in melena.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Hematochezia (116 words)

	Hematochezia (Blood in Stool) - PetPlace.com
		Hematochezia refers to the presence of red or fresh blood in the stools, and must be differentiated from melena, which is the presence of fl, tarry stools.
		Hematochezia may be the only clinical sign seen, or it may be accompanied by other signs, especially straining to defecate.
		Persistent hematochezia is a common sign of inflammation of the colon, sometimes referred to as colitis.
	www.petplace.com /articles/artShow.asp?artID=4035&conID=22396 (663 words)

	THE MERCK MANUAL, Sec. 3, Ch. 22, Gastrointestinal Bleeding (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Hematochezia usually indicates lower GI bleeding but may result from vigorous upper GI bleeding with rapid transit of blood through the bowels.
		Hematochezia or occult blood in the stool may be the first sign of a colon cancer or polyp, particularly in patients > 45 yr.
		In hematochezia, distal lesions (eg, hemorrhoids, inflammatory bowel disease, cancers, polyps) are commonly seen at flexible sigmoidoscopy, which is usually the first diagnostic test, along with anoscopy with a rigid instrument.
	www.merck.com /pubs/mmanual/section3/chapter22/22a.htm (1953 words)

	Hematochezia (Blood in Stool) - PetPlace.com
		Hematochezia is the presence of bright red, fresh blood in the feces.
		Hematochezia usually occurs with bleeding in the lower intestines (colon, rectum).
		Hematochezia should not be confused with melena, which is the passage of dark, tarry, fl feces.
	www.petplace.com /articles/artShow.asp?artID=4035&conID=22396 (365 words)

	VetMedCenter - Consumer - Article Details (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Hematochezia refers to the presence of bright red blood in the bowel movements (feces).
		Dyschezia or hematochezia typically is associated with diseases of the colon (large intestine), rectum, or anus.
		Animals with dyschezia or hematochezia often have a history of crying or whimpering during defecation, and prolonged straining.
	consumer.vetmedcenter.com /Consumer/display.asp?id=8530&dt=p (473 words)

	UpToDate Colonic diverticular bleeding
		However, diverticular bleeding is the most common cause of brisk hematochezia (maroon or bright red blood), accounting for 30 to 50 percent of cases of massive rectal bleeding [1,2].
		Angiodysplasia accounts for another 20 to 30 percent of cases of hematochezia [2] and may be the most frequent cause in patients over the age of 65 (show endoscopy 1, show picture 1, show histology 1) [3,4].
		In one series of 80 patients with severe hematochezia, for example, 74 percent had colonic lesions (primarily angiodysplasia, diverticula, and polyps or cancer), 11 percent had an upper GI lesion, 9 percent a presumed small bowel source, and no lesion site was identified in 6 percent [6].
	patients.uptodate.com /topic.asp?file=gi_dis/8520 (527 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Hematochezia is the passage of bright red bloody stools or frank blood from the rectum.
		Most cases of hematochezia are from a lower GI bleed, but it may also result from an upper GI bleed with rapid passage through the GI tract.
		For hematochezia and melena, perform a gastric aspirate to r/o UGI source, as bleeding below the ligament of Treitz rarely appears in the stomach.
	www-personal.umich.edu /~benwei/cgi-data/danchan/study/ER/ER-gibleed.doc (1433 words)

	* Melena - (Disease): Definition (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		";Hematochezia"; is the passage of red, or maroon-colored stools.
		Blood in the stool; Hematochezia; Melena; Stools - fl or tarry...
		Black stools can also be caused by medicines such as iron and Pepto Bismol, but in the absence of these medications, the passing of fl stool, or melena, is a medical emergency.
	www.bestknows.com /disease/melena.html (233 words)

	Melena - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The fl color is caused by oxidation of the iron in hemoglobin during its passage through the ileum and colon.
		Bleeding originating from the lower GI tract (such as the sigmoid colon and rectum) is generally associated with the passage of bright red blood, or hematochezia, particularly when brisk.
		Blood acts as a cathartic agent in the intestine, promoting its prompt passage.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Melena (276 words)

	Pediatric/Geriatric protoccol Hematochezia, fecal mucus, tenesmus often characterize chronic large-bowel diarrhea - DVM
		Chronic large bowel diarrhea is often characterized by hematochezia, excess fecal mucus and tenesmus.
		Diarrhea is often intermittent, and hematochezia is uncommon.
		In cases of fiber-responsive large bowel diarrhea (FRLBD), chronic intermittent or continuous large bowel diarrhea is usually accompanied by hematochezia, excess fecal mucus and tenesmus.
	www.dvmnewsmagazine.com /dvm/article/articleDetail.jsp?id=126493 (748 words)

	Acupuncture.Com - Blood Disorders - Traditional Chinese Medicine
		Mental stress, overstrain and sexual indulgence may impair the heart, spleen and kidneys; when qi is impaired and deficient and fails to keep blood in the vessels, hematemesis, epistaxis, hematochezia and purpura may appear; and when yin is impaired and deficient leading to hyperactivity of fire, epistaxis purpura and hematuria may occur.
		Manifestations: Petechiae or ecchymoses accompanying by epistaxis, bleeding from the gum, hematochezia or hematuria, or fever, thirst, constipation, red tongue with yellow coating and wiry and rapid pulse.
		Remarks: For cases of long-term hematochezia with deficiency of ying-blood manifested as dryness of throat and mouth, feverish sensation over the chest, red tongue with yellow coating and thready and rapid pulse, add Colla Corii Asini, Radix Paeoniae Alba and Radix Rehmanniae to nourish blood an yin, regulate ying and clear away heat.
	www.acupuncture.com /conditions/blood_disorders.htm (2559 words)

	Clinical Geriatrics
		Occult bleeding, usually chronic and milder in intensity, may present as incidental anemia found on routine laboratory testing or symptoms associated with anemia, such as fatigue, pallor, shortness of breath, and angina.
		Hematemesis is due to frank vomiting of blood, whereas coffee ground emesis is produced by the hydrochloric acid degeneration of blood in the stomach.
		Hematochezia is passage of red- or maroon-colored blood per rectum.
	www.podiatrytoday.com /cg/displayArticle.cfm?articleID=cgac170 (4160 words)

	The Turkish Journal of Gastroenterology (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Inflammatory myoglandular polyp is characterized by inflammatory granulation tissue in the lamina propria, proliferation of smooth muscle, and hyperplastic glands with variable cystic change.
		Mucous diarrhea and tenesmus are the most common symptoms of patients with inflammatory cap polyp (12), while the main symptom of IMGP is hematochezia (1-4).
		However, the causes of inflammatory myoglandular polyp are still obscure, and further accumulation of cases may disclose their pathogenesis.
	www.turkgastro.org /text.php?id=333 (768 words)

	Gastrointestinal Bleeding (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Blood passed per rectum can be bright red - hematochezia - or tarry fl and sticky with a very characteristic smell - melena.
		Hematochezia usually results from lesions in the colon or terminal ileum while melena is typical of sources above the ligament of Treitz and upper small intestine.
		Because blood is also a cathartic, profuse upper intestinal bleed can present as hematochezia; on the other hand, blood can become dark if it remains in the colon for a long enough time.
	www.naspghan.org /sub/Gastrointestinal_Bleeding.htm (4716 words)

	UpToDate Approach to the adult patient with upper gastrointestinal bleeding
		The presence of bilious fluid suggests that the pylorus is open and, if lavage is negative, that there is no active upper GI bleeding distal to the pylorus [2].
		In comparison, hematochezia (bright red or maroon colored blood or fresh clots per rectum) is usually a sign of a lower GI source (defined as distal to the ligament of Treitz).
		In one series of 80 patients with severe hematochezia, for example, 74 percent had colonic lesions (primarily angiodysplasia, diverticula, and polyps or cancer), 11 percent had an upper GI lesion, 9 percent a presumed small bowel source, and no lesion site was identified in 6 percent [2].
	patients.uptodate.com /topic.asp?file=gi_dis/15047 (544 words)

	NEWSLINE NOTES - Digestion & Diet Health monitor (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Bright red blood found in the feces, or stool, called hematochezia, is more likely to come from a site close to the anus than is dark red, or maroon, fecal blood.
		In a study of 312 people with GI bleeding, researchers found 217 with hematochezia.
		The researchers concluded that evaluation of hematochezia should begin with a complete colonoscopic examination, saving both time and money.
	www.healthmonitor.com /TEMPRES/dig010300NN1.htm (181 words)

	Dieulafoy’s lesions of the rectum: A rare cause of lower gastrointestinal bleeding
		If they can be accurately located, endoscopic therapy in the form of adrenaline injection, sclerotherapy or cauterization appears to have long term success.
		The present report details the case of a 72-year-old man who presented with massive hematochezia and who was discovered to have a Dieulafoy’s lesion within the rectum.
		Colonic Dieulafoy’s lesions are rare but should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of massive hematochezia, because endoscopic therapy appears to result in complete cessation of bleeding.
	www.pulsus.com /Gastro/15_08/ennd_ed.htm (354 words)

	NEJM -- Vesicoileal Fistula in a Patient with Hematochezia and Hematuria
		NEJM -- Vesicoileal Fistula in a Patient with Hematochezia and Hematuria
		Vesicoileal Fistula in a Patient with Hematochezia and Hematuria
		Since this article has no abstract, we have provided an extract of the first 100 words of the full text and any section headings.
	content.nejm.org /cgi/content/extract/348/18/1820 (146 words)

	Chapter 1 - Section 17: First Principles of Gastroenterology
		The visible evidence is described as hematemesis, hematochezia and/or melena.
		When the passage of blood from either end of the GI tract has been reported but not observed, or when hematochezia or melena without hematemesis has been observed, the passage of a nasogastric tube for a single aspiration will help determine if bleeding is proximal or distal to the pylorus.
		Providing the patient’s response to IV volume replacement is satisfactory, one can make a decision as to the timing and type of investigation needed to identify the cause of bleeding.
	gastroresource.com /GITextbook/en/chapter1/1-17.htm (733 words)

	NGC - NGC Summary
		Endoscopically, the lesion begins at the dentate line and is composed of diffuse, friable angioectatic lesions.
		Candidates for endoscopic therapy include, but are not limited to, patients with chronic hematochezia associated with transfusion dependency.
		In a case series of 23 patients, treatment with the KTP laser resulted in a significant reduction in the frequency of hematochezia and the utilization of health care resources.
	www.guideline.gov /summary/summary.aspx?view_id=1&doc_id=5688 (1938 words)

	► Stools - bloody
		At least 6 Tablespoons (or 200 milliliters) of blood must have been lost in order to cause passage of melena.
		Maroon-colored stools or bright red blood usually suggest that the blood is coming from large bowel or rectum. However, sometimes hematochezia can be caused by massive upper GI tract bleeding, See also GI bleeding.
		The ingestion of fl licorice, lead, iron pills, Pepto-Bismol, or blueberries can all cause fl stools or false melena.
	www.umm.edu /ency/article/003130.htm (311 words)

	hematochezia - OneLook Dictionary Search
		Tip: Click on the first link on a line below to go directly to a page where "hematochezia" is defined.
		hematochezia : Encarta® World English Dictionary, North American Edition [home, info]
		Hematochezia : MEDLINE plus Illustrated Medical Encyclopedia [home, info]
	www.onelook.com /?w=hematochezia&ls=a (113 words)

	Hemorrhoids, Parasites, Bloating, Herbal Cleansers, Anal Itch, No Rinse Cleansers, IBS, Irritable Bowel Syndrome, and ...
		Because it enters the Liver and Large Intestine, Huai Hua is most effective and most commonly used to treat bleeding in the lower jiao, such as hematochezia, bleeding hemor rhoids, hematuria and profuse menstrual bleeding.
		• Hematochezia with bright red blood, caused by damp- heat in the Large Intestine: add Huai Hua to Ce Bai Ye (Cacumen Platycladi), fing Jie (Herba Schizonepetae), and Zhi Ke (Fructus Aurantii).
		For treatment of hemorrhoidal bleeding, hematochezia or bleeding caused by abscesses or swelling with pain, Huai Jiao is often combined with Di Yu (Radix Sanguisorbae), Huang Qin (Radix Scutellariae) and Dang Gui (Radicis Angelicae Sinensis).
	www.herbalabs.org /Huai_Hua.htm (1128 words)

	Journal of Family Practice: Consider colonoscopy for young patients with hematochezia
		Journal of Family Practice: Consider colonoscopy for young patients with hematochezia
		Background Hematochezia is a common complaint in adult patients aged <50 years.
		Most studies of lower endoscopy for rectal bleeding have concentrated on older patients or have failed to mention the location of lesions.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0689/is_11_53/ai_n7580018 (1294 words)

	eMedicine - Endometriosis : Article by Dharmesh Kapoor, MD
		This could involve the bladder (hematuria), bowel (hematochezia and painful defecation), or, rarely, bleeding at uncommon sites such as the umbilicus, abdominal wall, or perineum.
		Chronic pain: The most important point to remember is that the degree of visible endometriosis has no correlation with the degree of pain or other symptomatic impairment (Demco, 1998).
		Cyclical rectal bleeding (hematochezia) is pathognomonic of endometriosis.
	www.emedicine.com /med/topic3419.htm (5517 words)

	Stools - bloody (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Your health care provider may use the term "melena" to describe fl, tarry, and foul-smelling stools or "hematochezia" to describe red or maroon-colored stools.
		Passing maroon-colored stools or bright red blood (hematochezia) usually suggests that the blood is coming from the large bowel or the rectum.
		Is there bright red blood in the stool (hematochezia)?
	www.shands.org /health/information/article/003130.htm (682 words)

	Gastrointestinal histoplasmosis presenting as hematochezia in human immunodeficiency virus-infected hemophilic patients.
		Gastrointestinal histoplasmosis presenting as hematochezia in human immunodeficiency virus-infected hemophilic patients.
		Two hemophiliacs infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) presented with hematochezia secondary to gastrointestinal involvement with Histoplasmosis capsulatum.
		In one patient who was already receiving fluconazole, the diagnosis was obscured.
	www.aegis.com /aidsline/1995/jan/M9510149.html (304 words)

	Virtual Hospital: ElectricGINucs: Case Studies (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Case 4: 57 year old female with recurrent hematochezia (formerly GI Bleed #2)
		Case 5: 70 year old female with hematochezia (formerly GI Bleed #3)
		Case 7: 9 year old female with abdominal pain and hematochezia (formerly Meckels #1)
	vh.org /adult/provider/radiology/ElectricGiNucs/Text/CaseStudies.html (152 words)

	Hematochezia (Blood in Stool) - PetPlace.com
		Rosie T. You are in Dog Medical Library
		One occurrence of hematochezia may be a minor and transient event.
		Repeated or persistent hematochezia is more serious and should not be ignored.
	www.petplace.com /articles/artshow.asp?artID=4034 (376 words)

	Causes Of Black Stools - Furniture (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		AllRefer Health - Bloody or Tarry Stools (Hematochezia, Melena, Stools...
		Bloody or Tarry Stools (Hematochezia, Melena, Stools - Black or Tarry, Stools - Bloody) information center covers causes, symptoms, expectations, home care, signs of concern, and treatment.
		However, sometimes massive or rapid bleeding in the stomach causes bright red stools.
	www.countryfriedsteaks.com /causes-of-black-stools.htm (379 words)

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