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Topic: Hemiboreal

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	Hemiboreal Biography on DanceAge
		Hemiboreal means halfway between the temperate and subarctic (or boreal) zones.
		A hemiboreal forest will have some of the characteristics of a boreal forest, and also share some of the features of the temperate-zone forests to the south.
		Coniferous trees predominate in the hemiboreal zone, but a significant number of deciduous species will be found there as well.
	www.danceage.com /biography/sdmc_Hemiboreal (137 words)

	ZONAL_TYPE
		Geographical Peculiarities: Hemiboreal forests in the continental part of Eurasia (from the Urals in the west to the Greater Khingan Mountains (Da Hinggan Ling) in the east) form a southern peripheral forest zone in contact with steppe as well as being a component of the temperate forest-steppe zone.
		Continental hemiboreal forests form a relatively continuous geographical subzone only in the territory of the West Siberian Plain between latitudes of 490 50' N and 520 17' N. There they occur in flat drained watersheds on widespread zonal grey loamy soils or on knolls of the boggy areas.
		The southernmost hemiboreal forests occur in the zone of dry steppes of North Kazakhstan.
	www-sbras.nsc.ru /win/elbib/atlas/zonal_type/1.html (1069 words)

	Geography of Norway Encyclopedia Article @ PennyPort.com (Penny Port) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Brunlanes, Vestfold; the hemiboreal lowland near Oslofjord has the highest diversity due to being closest to the migration route from the south.
		The hemiboreal zone covers a total of 7% of the land area in Norway, including 80% of Østfold and Vestfold.
		This zone is found above the hemiboreal zone, up to 450 meter amsl in Østlandet and 500 m in the most southern valleys.
	www.pennyport.com /encyclopedia/Geography_of_Norway (5465 words)

	Epsilon Dissertations and Graduate Theses Archive - Umbrella species as a conservation planning tool
		One of the proposed approaches for conservation and restoration of forest biodiversity is the use of umbrella species, whose conservation would confer protection to large numbers of naturally co-occurring species.
		This thesis aims to evaluate some of the prerequisites to the umbrella species concept, focusing on resident birds in hemiboreal and boreal forests.
		The study was performed in four areas belonging to the southern Baltic Sea region: central and southern Sweden, south-central Lithuania and northeastern Poland.
	diss-epsilon.slu.se /archive/00001217 (480 words)

	Terrestrial Ecoregions -- Central European mixed forests (PA0412)
		It is bordered by the lowland-colline subcontinental meadow steppes and dry grassland vegetation on the eastern side, hemiboreal spruce and pine-spruce forests to the north, beech and mixed beech forests of the Carpathians to the south, and the beech and mixed beech forests of the Baltic and Western Europe to the west.
		It consists of the lowland to submontane acidophilous oak and mixed oak forests, mixed oak-hornbeam forests, and lowland to submontane hemiboreal and nemoral pine forests on the North European glaciated plain.
		It is bordered by the lowland-colline subcontinental meadow steppes and dry grassland vegetation on the eastern side, hemiboreal spruce and fir-spruce forests to the north, beech and mixed beech forests of the Carpathians to the south, and the beech and mixed beech forests of the Baltic and Western Europe to the west (Bohn et al.
	worldwildlife.org /wildworld/profiles/terrestrial/pa/pa0412_full.html (2155 words)

	Continental climate - Facts, Information, and Encyclopedia Reference article
		Such regions get quite warm in the summer, achieving temperatures characteristic of tropical climates but are much colder than any other climates of similar latitude in the winter.
		These climates grade off toward subtropical climates equatorward where winters are less severe, hemiboreal climate poleward where summers are shorter and winters are more severe, semiarid climates where precipitation becomes inadequate for tall-grass prairies.
		In Europe these climates may grade off into oceanic climates in which the influence of moderating air masses is more marked toward the west.
	www.startsurfing.com /encyclopedia/c/o/n/Continental_climate.html (413 words)

	Terrestrial Ecoregions -- Western Siberian hemiboreal forests (PA0444)
		The ecoregion represents a southernmost latitudinal belt within the subzone of southern taiga in West Siberia which include mixed small-leaf-coniferous, small-leaf and coniferous grass forests.
		They are the west Siberian part of Hemiboreal forests of North Asia (Hämet-Ahti 1963; Ermakov et al, 1991, 2000).
		Ermakov N.B., Dring J., Rodwell J. Classification of Continental Hemiboreal Forests of North Asia // Braun-Blanquetia, 28.
	www.worldwildlife.org /wildworld/profiles/terrestrial/pa/pa0444_full.html (1286 words)

	Welcome to Adobe GoLive 5
		The transitional zones (hemiboreal and alpine zones) are not indicated in these maps as in geobotanical map of the nordic countries (below).
		Besides the bare top areas, there are also distinctive zones of different tree species in Lapland: right after the bare top area is the mountain birch zone, after the mountain birches comes the Scots pine zone and finally spruce and Scots pine forests (see forestlines!).
		The southernmost areas of Finland (the hemiboreal, boreonemoral zone, in Finland: so called oak zone,) are in turn an intermediate between the boreal forests and the deciduous forests of Central Europe (the beech forests, in map no. 2: the temperate zone).
	www.oulu.fi /northnature/english/englanti/luma2.html (700 words)

	SYNTAXONOMICAL SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICA II
		Carici pensylvanicae-Pinetum banksianae (Continental Temperate, hemiboreal, humid and hyperhumid, mainly pyrogenic secondary macroforests, of the western district of Temperate Laurentian Subsector), 1c.
		Continental Temperate (eucontinental and semicontinental); hemiboreal and upper supratemperate; humid-hyperhumid; oligotrophic secondary pyrogenic Jack pine meso- or macroforests (Pinus banksiana) with Populus grandidentata and Populus tremuloides in the undercanopy, growing on sandy podzols with the water table usually at less 1.5 m, in the Appalachian and Temperate Laurentian Subsectors.
		Continental Boreal (eucontinental), thermo- and mesoboreal, and Temperate hemiboreal; upper dry and subhumid, oligotrophic permanent and secondary pyrogenic Jack pine meso- and macroforests (Pinus banksiana) with Populus tremuloides in the undercanopy, growing in podzols throughout the Western Canadian Boreal and Canadian Prairies Sectors.
	www.telefonica.net /web2/globalbioclimatics/book/namerica2/namerica_04_03.htm (1456 words)

	NOTES
		This group of European-Siberian differential species is thus of great diagnostic importance from a geographical point of view and the Siberian parts of the ranges of these species coincide with the distribution of the class because of the coincidence in macroclimatic conditions.
		It is observed in a transitional zonal strip between hemiboreal and real boreal (taiga) forests.Furthermore, an intensification of the role of taiga species is evident in the hemiboreal forests which grow in the cold and humid depressions of the oligotrophic river terraces in the forest-steppe zone.
		The prominent role of these species in hemiboreal forests is caused by the influence of natural ecological factors like the temperate warm and humid climate, high soil fertility and the open tree layer as well as of anthropogenic factors such as grazing and cutting.
	www-sbras.nsc.ru /win/elbib/atlas/notes/1.html (914 words)

	GLOBAL ECOLOGICAL ZONING FOR THE GLOBAL FOREST RESOURCES ASSESSMENT 2000
		Hemiboreal spruce and fir-spruce forests with broad-leaved trees: a) lowland-colline, partly submontane types, b) montane (Ural) types
		Boreal and hemiboreal pine forests, partly with birch, spruce
		Hemiboreal and nemoral pine forests, partly with broad-leaved trees: a) lowland (to submontane) types, b) montane to altimontane types
	www.fao.org /docrep/006/ad652e/ad652e12.htm (408 words)

	Seed collecting excursions to China and Japan – Botanic Garden – FMNH
		The garden in Helsinki lies on the border between hemiboreal and southern boreal bioclimatic vegetation zones, and the climate is moderately oceanic.
		Helsinki lies in the border area of hemiboreal and southern boreal bioclimatic vegetation zones and has a moderately oceanic climate.
		Since our garden in Helsinki lies in the border area of hemiboreal and southern boreal bioclimatic vegetation zones, we tried to collect our material in Hokkaido from orohemiboreal and lower oroboreal zones.
	www.fmnh.helsinki.fi /english/botanicgarden/information/china-japan.htm (1833 words)

	TRN - Taiga Rescue Network - the Boreal forest
		Since no applied research was found, the results of the study were based on historic research on the natural forests of Sweden and Scandinavia.
		For several of the indicators, differences appeared between the natural forests of the boreal vegetation zone compared to the natural forests of the boreonemoral (hemiboreal) and nemoral (temperate) vegetation zones.
		They differed both regarding the dominating disturbance regime (boreal zone: fire; boreonemoral and nemoral zone: wind and internal dynamics) and regarding the dominant tree species of the forests (boreal zone: conifers; boreonemoral and nemoral zone: broadleaves).
	www.taigarescue.org /en/index.php?view=taiga_news&tn_ID=597 (829 words)

	SYNTAXONOMICAL SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICA II
		Continental Temperate (subcontinental) and Oceanic Temperate (semicontinental); orotemperate; hemiboreal and upper supratemperate; humid and hyperhumid; coniferous meso- and macroforests dominated by red spruce (Picea rubens), and locally in southern Appalachian Mountains (Virginia, North Carolina and Tennessee) by Fraser fir (Abies fraseri), growing on podzol soils throughout the Appalachian Province areas.
		The Piceion rubentis forests could be also recognized in transitional ecotones with the mixed forests of Querco-Fagetea grandifoliae classes (deciduous mixed hardwood and coniferous Temperate forests of the North American Atlantic Region), growing in the upper supratemperate hyperhumid bioclimatic belt areas.
		Continental Temperate (eucontinental and subcontinental); orotemperate and hemiboreal; humid-hyperhumid and locally ultrahyperhumid; red spruce (Picea rubens) and balsam fir (Abies balsamea) climactical meso- and macroforests in the Appalachian Sector territories.
	www.telefonica.net /web2/globalbioclimatics/book/namerica2/namerica_04_05.htm (705 words)

	Helsinki Biodiversity (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		General species diversity is remarkably high, because of original mosaic like biotope combinations: archipelago, range of hemiboreal natural biotopes, and because of profitably slow urbanisation: ramparts, harbours, land dumping, allotments, manors and villas, railways, moderate trampling and eutrophication.
		A recent study on small carnivores in urban green areas shows how unnative minks and raccoondogs can be all too effective in their feeding on breeding ducks, especially in the coastal swamp and reed areas of Viikki nature conservation area.
		Like commonly in Europe, also in the hemiboreal (Köppenic intermediate climate between maritime and continental) Helsinki most of the climate policies have been concentrated to the polluter pays -rule, that means local source solutions for global problems (see http://www.ytv.fi/english/air/impacts_of_climate_change.pdf).
	www.map21ltd.com /COSTC11/Helsinki/hels-biodiv.htm (5856 words)

	GLOBAL ECOLOGICAL ZONING FOR THE GLOBAL FOREST RESOURCES ASSESSMENT 2000
		Today, dense canopy forests are strongly reduced and isolated after long exploitation for coppice with standards system, meadow and pasture cultivation, agricultural use as well as woodland pasture.
		The subcontinental forest steppe zone extends from southwest to northeast and forms a broad belt of deciduous forests intermixed with hemiboreal coniferous woods and true steppes on chernozem.
		Ratio between woodland and open land depends on relief and exposure; treeless patches on south-exposures were probably extended by human impact.
	www.fao.org /docrep/006/ad652e/ad652e21.htm (6114 words)

	TRN - Taiga Rescue Network - the Boreal forest
		There are dramatic changes of fire regimes in the whole boreal zone and the adjoining hemiboreal lands.
		The changes are driven by human activities, but in some regions also by the consequences of climate change.
		The situation in central Asia, including the hemiboreal forests of northern China, northern Mongolia and southern Russia, is suffering all the extremes of global change.
	www.taigarescue.org /index.php?view=taiga_news&tn_ID=1134 (1755 words)

	SYNTAXONOMICAL SYNOPSIS OF NORTH AMERICA II
		North American Continental Boreal (eucontinental and subcontinental); thermo-, meso- and supraboreal, hemiboreal and occasionally upper supratemperate; subhumid to hyperhumid; coniferous micro-, meso- or macroforests dominated by balsam fir (Abies balsamea), fl and white spruce (Picea mariana, Picea glauca var.
		Sphagno-Piceetum marianae (continental and subcontinental, thermo- and supraboreal, also Temperate hemiboreal, humid and hyperhumid growing in boggy soils and stagnic podzols in the Canadian Boreal Province and locally in the Appalachian and Great Lakes Sectors), 2d.
		Continental Boreal (eucontinental); thermo-, meso- and supraboreal and Temperate hemiboreal; subhumid; balsam fir (Abies balsamea) with white and fl spruce (Picea glauca var.
	www.ucm.es /info/cif/book/namerica2/namerica_04_04.htm (2539 words)

	IngentaConnect High Diversity of Saproxylic Beetles in a Hemiboreal Mixed Forest... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		IngentaConnect High Diversity of Saproxylic Beetles in a Hemiboreal Mixed Forest...
		High Diversity of Saproxylic Beetles in a Hemiboreal Mixed Forest Reserve in the south of Norway
		You will be able to remove this item from your shopping cart at any time before you have completed check-out.
	www.ingentaconnect.com /content/tandf/sfor/1999/00000014/00000003/art00001 (269 words)

	Fennoscandian distribution of the Caliciales
		Species in this group occur in the temperate, hemiboreal, and south boreal vegetation zones.
		Species in this group occur in the temperate, hemiboreal, south boreal, and middle boreal vegetation zones.
		High summer temperatures seem to be important for species belonging to the south-eastern element, although low winter temperatures cannot be disregarded.
	www.thavibu.com /caliciales/distribut.htm (647 words)

	Sara Cousins´ homepage (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Cousins, S. and Eriksson, O. Plant species occurrence in a rural hemiboreal landscape: effects of remnant habitats, site history, topography and soil.
		Cousins, S. and Eriksson, O. The influence of management history and habitat on plant species richness in a rural hemiboreal landscape, Sweden.
		Cousins, S. O., Lavorel, S. and Davies, I. Modelling effects of landscape patterns and grazing regimes on the persistence of plant species with high conservation value in grasslands in south-eastern Sweden.
	www.botan.su.se /Ecology/personal.htm/cousins.html (295 words)

	: : : : : Välkommen till HagmarksMISTRA : : : : :
		Cousins, S. and Eriksson, O., 2002: The influence of management history and habitat on plant species richness in a rural hemiboreal landscape, Sweden.
		Cousins, S.A.O. and Eriksson, O. Plant species occurrences in a rural hemiboreal landscape: effects of remnant habitats, site history, topography and soil.
		Cousins, S.A.O., Lavorel, S. and Davies, I. Modelling effects of landscape patterns and grazing regimes on the persistence of plant species with high conservation value in grasslands in south-eastern Sweden.
	www-hagmarksmistra.slu.se /publ/vetensk.htm (851 words)

	Finland 2006
		There is only sporadic permafrost in palsa mires and the highest treeless fell tops in northern Lapland.
		Phytogeographically Finland belongs to the boreal coniferous zone, which is subdivided into hemiboreal, southern, middle and northern boreal zones.
		July Field excursion to nearby Liesjärvi and Torronsuo national parks: large bogs, spruce mires, mire restoration.
	www.imcg.net /docum/fi06/fi06.htm (2586 words)

	iran, accommodates, cruise lines, oslo, cyprus, rhodes, venezuela, gulf traveller, cruiser linhas aereas, salamanca (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Its boundaries encompass many parks and open areas, giving it an airy and often very green appearance.
		Oslo has a hemiboreal/ humid continental climate (Dfb according to the KÃ¶ppen climate classification system).1anddeg;C and 21.5anddeg;C during the summer months (June-August).
		September is often as warm, with colder temperatures arriving at the end of October and into November.
	accommodates.info /iran.html (1029 words)

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