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	Hemodialysis - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Hemodialysis is typically conducted in a dedicated facility, either a special room in a hospital or a clinic (with specialized nurses and technicians) that specializes in hemodialysis.
		In contrast to peritoneal dialysis, in which transport is between fairly static fluid compartments, hemodialysis utilizes counter current flow, where the diasylate is flowing in the opposite direction to blood flow in the extra-corporeal circuit.This mechanism maintains the concentration gradient across the membrane at a maximum, allowing the dialysis to be very efficient.
		Since hemodialysis requires access to the circulatory system, patients undergoing hemodialysis have a portal of entry for microbes, which could lead to septicemia or an infection affecting the heart valves (endocarditis) or bone (osteomyelitis).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Hemodialysis (2589 words)

	Kidney Options - Hemodialysis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Hemodialysis is the process of removing toxins and excess fluid from the blood and tissues by continually circulating your blood through a filter.
		Hemodialysis can be performed in a dialysis facility by nurses and trained technicians, or if you qualify, can be performed at home with the help of a partner.
		Nocturnal hemodialysis is a form of dialysis that is done at night for an average of eight hours while you sleep.
	www.kidneyoptions.com /hemo.html (1675 words)

	Daily Hemodialysis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Patients treated by daily hemodialysis are highly selected; either young healthy patients are selected for social reasons or patients are selected because they do poorly on regular dialysis often because of many associated medical problems.
		The greatest worry in daily hemodialysis is the influence on vascular access survival as the number of venipunctures or central catheter connecting doubles.
		Lastly, part of the shift to daily hemodialysis will result from the increasing recognition that peritoneal dialysis may only be sufficient for a minority of patients once residual renal function is lost.
	www.aksys.com /therapy/next_century.asp (4431 words)

	Renal Replacement Therapy - nephrologychannel
		Hemodialysis removes waste and excess fluid from the blood when the kidneys cannot do so sufficiently.
		Hemodialysis is usually performed three or more times a week for 4 hours or more.
		A catheter used for hemodialysis is a tube that has a needle at one end and two accessible ports at the other; it is shaped like a "Y." The needle end is inserted through the skin into a vein in the neck (internal jugular vein), chest (subclavian vein), or thigh (femoral vein).
	www.nephrologychannel.com /rrt/hemodialysis.shtml (765 words)

	Hemodialysis
		For hemodialysis, you are connected to a filter (dialyzer) by tubes attached to your blood vessels.
		Hemodialysis is often started when symptoms or complications of kidney failure develop.
		Choosing between treatment with hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis is based on your lifestyle, other medical conditions, and body size and shape.
	www.webmd.com /hw/kidney_failure/aa94578.asp (927 words)

	Treatment Methods for Kidney Failure: Hemodialysis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Hemodialysis is the most common method used to treat advanced and permanent kidney failure.
		But even with better procedures and equipment, hemodialysis is still a complicated and inconvenient therapy that requires a coordinated effort from your whole health care team, including your nephrologist, dialysis nurse, dialysis technician, dietitian, and social worker.
		In hemodialysis, your blood is allowed to flow, a few ounces at a time, through a machine with a special filter that removes wastes and extra fluids.
	kidney.niddk.nih.gov /kudiseases/pubs/hemodialysis (3512 words)

	BC Branch KFOC - Hemodialysis
		Hemodialysis is a process where the blood is slowly withdrawn from the body and circulated through a dialysis machine.
		Hemodialysis is a very specialized type of treatment, demanding an unique set of skills by the health care providers and consequently hemodialysis is not found in all hospitals.
		In some regions home hemodialysis, either daily or nocturnal, is offered but this varies greatly area to area and would need to be discussed with your nephrologist.
	www.kidney.bc.ca /kidneys/dialysis/hemodialysis.html (488 words)

	Home hemodialysis - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Home hemodialysis (HHD), or home hemo, is a form of renal replacement therapy.
		The dialysate was circulated by turning on the washing machine (which mixed the dialysate and resulted in some convection) and Nosé's experiments show that this indeed improved the clearance of toxins.
		Nocturnal hemodialysis increases arterial baroreflex sensitivity and compliance and normalizes blood pressure of hypertensive patients with end-stage renal disease.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Home_hemodialysis (1746 words)

	National Kidney Foundation: A to Z Health Guide Item
		Hemodialysis is a treatment that replaces the work of your own kidneys to clear wastes and extra fluid from your blood.
		In-center hemodialysis is usually done three times a week for about three to four hours or longer each session.
		Most home hemodialysis programs ask you to have a care partner who is willing to be with you to help during each treatment.
	www.kidney.org /atoz/atozItem.cfm?id=74 (1244 words)

	Recommendations for Preventing Transmission of Infections Among Chronic Hemodialysis Patients
		Recommendations for the control of hepatitis B in hemodialysis centers were first published in 1977 (19), and by 1980, their widespread implementation was associated with a sharp reduction in incidence of HBV infection among both patients and staff members (5).
		In 1999, an outbreak of Serratia liquefaciens bloodstream infections and pyrogenic reactions among hemodialysis patients was traced to contamination of vials of erythropoietin.
		Hemodialysis machines usually have both external (typically supplied with the blood tubing set) and internal protectors, with the internal protector serving as a backup in case the external transducer protector fails.
	www.cdc.gov /mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5005a1.htm (15765 words)

	National Kidney Foundation: A to Z Health Guide Item
		In hemodialysis, a dialysis machine and a special filter called an artificial kidney, or a dialyzer, are used to clean your blood.
		Hemodialysis can be done in a hospital, in a dialysis center that is not part of a hospital or at home.
		Hemodialysis treatments usually last about four hours, and they are done three times a week.
	www.kidney.org /atoz/atozItem.cfm?id=35 (1015 words)

	Post-Hemodialysis Hypoxia Occurs with Both Biocompatible and BioincompatibleDialyzers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		They were monitored continuously during hemodialysis and up to 8 hours post-hemodialysis on different days of scheduled therapy, once using biocompatible (low-flux) dialyzers and once using bioincompatible (low-flux) dialyzers.
		Whether repeated episodes of hypoxia during and/or after hemodialysis lead to pulmonary hypertension and cause morphological changes in the lungs is not clear at this time.
		In conclusion, hypoxia frequently occurs in hemodialysis patients, and this is most significant in the post-hemodialysis period.
	www.eneph.com /feature_archive/dialyzers/v28n11p666.htm (1975 words)

	MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Dialysis
		Hemodialysis works by circulating the blood through special filters outside the body.
		Hemodialysis requires a blood flow of 400-500 milliliters per minute (ml/min).
		It is important to adhere to the diet and medicines prescribed by the dialysis staff and your nephrologist.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/ency/article/003421.htm (1010 words)

	Dialysis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		There are two types, hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis.
		In hemodialysis blood is pumped from the body to a filter made of tiny plastic capillaries.
		Hemodialysis is performed in a dialysis center for 4 hours three times a week.
	www.nephron.com /dialysis.html (452 words)

	Vascular Access for Hemodialysis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		If you will be starting hemodialysis treatments in the next several months, you will need to work with your health care team to learn how the treatments work and what you can do to get the most from them.
		One important step before starting regular hemodialysis sessions is preparing a vascular access, which is the site on your body where blood will be removed and returned during dialysis.
		The AV fistula is considered the best long-term vascular access for hemodialysis because it provides adequate blood flow for dialysis, lasts a long time, and has a complication rate lower than the other access types.
	kidney.niddk.nih.gov /kudiseases/pubs/vascularaccess (1397 words)

	AAKP Advisory on Hemodialysis
		Recent research has revealed that many hemodialysis patients may not be receiving enough dialysis to prevent uremic symptoms, serious medical complications and, in some cases, premature death.
		This is a situation of such profound importance to the welfare and survival of kidney patients that AAKP has concluded a special advisory is necessary to inform and advise patients about the issues concerning the adequacy of dialysis.
		The hemodialysis treatments you are receiving replace only a small part (less than 15 percent) of the normal function of your kidneys.
	www.aakp.org /AAKP/hemoadvisory.htm (1735 words)

	Home Hemodialysis
		Home hemodialysis was pioneered in Boston, London, and Seattle in 1963 and 1964 as a means of providing dialysis to more patients at a time when funding for this treatment was minimal.
		Fees paid to the dialysis facility for home hemodialysis training were insufficient to cover the cost of this, and the 3-month waiting period for patients to become Medicare entitled meant that patients generally could not be started on home hemodialysis training until this waiting period was over.
		The financial disincentives for home hemodialysis were in part resolved by passage of Public Law 95-292 (1978), which included early Medicare entitlement for home hemodialysis training, reimbursement of the facility for home dialysis equipment purchase, and reimbursement for home dialysis at 70% of the outpatient per-dialysis rate.
	www.multi-med.com /homehemo/1300/main.html (2723 words)

	Hemodialysis definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms
		Hemodialysis: A medical procedure that uses a special machine (a dialysis machine) to filter waste products from the blood and to restore normal constituents to it.
		Although hemodialysis may be done for acute kidney failure, it is more often employed for chronic renal disease.
		Hemodialysis is frequently done to treat end-stage kidney disease.
	www.medterms.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=11433 (288 words)

	UpToDate Patient information: Hemodialysis
		For these individuals and for those who are suitable transplant recipients but must wait for an available kidney, the choice between hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis is influenced by a number of considerations such as availability, convenience, coexisting disorders, home situation, age, gender, and other considerations.
		In some patients, hemodialysis must be initiated prior to the placement and/or maturation of a permanent access.
		In general, hemodialysis takes between two and four hours and is done about three times a week.
	patients.uptodate.com /topic.asp?file=kidn_dis/4967 (1471 words)

	Daily Hemodialysis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The present, commonly used hemodialysis schedule, 3-6 hours three times per week, is a pragmatic comprise between: the observation that it sustains patients reasonably well for long periods of time while two times per week did not, the 7 day week of the old testament and the length of the work day.
		In the early 1970’s Kjellstrand and co-workers, studying factors leading to ill effects of dialysis, found that large oscillations in body weight and in blood chemistries, and osmolality and urea levels were more important then measured levels of small uremic toxins or calculated levels of middle molecule (1,2,3,4,5).
		One indication is for patients with severe underlying medical problems, particularly cardiovascular diseases and intolerance to the "unphysiology" and the rapid ultrafiltration of regular three times per week hemodialysis treatments.
	www.aksys.com /therapy/superior_method.asp (4652 words)

	Wadley Health System
		The primary function of this unit is to provide dialysis services to inpatients with acute renal failure and those chronic renal failure patients who have a condition requiring hospitalization.
		The Hemodialysis Unit is staffed by RN's trained in Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) and other clinical support personnel.
		The method of patient care delivery in the Hemodialysis Unit can best be described as "team nursing".
	www.wadleyhealth.com /hemo.asp (120 words)

	Hemodialysis Catheter Placement and Management -- Trerotola 215 (3): 651 -- Radiology
		A clustering of epidural abscesses in chronic hemodialysis patients: risks of salvaging access catheters in cases of infection.
		Tunneled hemodialysis catheters: use of a silver-coated catheter for prevention of infection—a randomized study.
		Replacement of failing tunneled hemodialysis catheters through pre-existing subcutaneous tunnels: a comparison of catheter function and infection rates for de novo placements and over-the-wire exchanges.
	radiology.rsnajnls.org /cgi/content/full/215/3/651 (5574 words)

	Home Hemodialysis
		The 7th Hemodialysis Symposium in conjunction with the 21st Annual Dialysis Conference will be held in New Orleans, Louisiana, February 18 _ 21, 2001.
		Also in conjunction with the Hemodialysis Symposium in San Francisco, professionals involved in interventional nephrology held a meeting to discuss the creation of a professional society.
		He concludes that daily hemodialysis "does not appear to have an adverse effect on blood accesses, including artificial grafts and catheters, and that blood access problems should not be the major stumbling block to the widespread adoption of more frequent hemodialysis."
	www.multi-med.com /homehemo/0100/main.html (1358 words)

	Potential Cross-Contamination Linked to Hemodialysis Treatment
		It is thus critically important that hemodialysis facilities be on the alert for signs of equipment contaminated by blood, and that they take corrective steps as necessary.
		It is important to note that under normal conditions of daily use, such internal contamination with blood of the hemodialysis machine would not be readily evident to staff members.
		While these incidents, taken separately, might be characterized as isolated malfunctions, we believe that the number of incidents, and their public health significance, makes it imperative that all future incidents of equipment contamination be reported without delay.
	www.fda.gov /cdrh/safety/althin.html (650 words)

	dialysis: Hemodialysis
		Known as hemodialysis, this procedure has saved the lives of many persons suffering from renal failure.
		Metabolic waste products such as urea and creatinine diffuse through the membrane into the dialysis fluid and are discarded, while loss by diffusion of substances necessary to the body (such as sodium chloride) is prevented by their presence in the dialysis fluid.
		In peritoneal hemodialysis, the dialysis fluid is introduced into the abdominal cavity.
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/sci/A0857744.html (191 words)

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