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Topic: Hemolysis

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	Encyclopedia: Hemolysis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Hemolysis may cause interference with the test results for a patient, but this is mostly limited to biochemistry tests.
		Hemolysis is a complex process that has been used as an assay for the membrane- targeted action of many compounds [18,19].
		Figure 2 is a plot of percent hemolysis as a function of pressure for nitrogen and methane.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Hemolysis (527 words)

	Hemolysis - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Hemolysis is an important factor in medical tests, as a blood sample may become hemolysed with prolonged storage or when complications arise during venipuncture.
		The red cells in the blood are literally smashed on their way through the needle, often due to excessive suction.
		Hemolysis may cause interference with the test results for a patient, but this is mostly limited to biochemistry tests, such as an elevated potassium.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Hemolysis (193 words)

	Methane-induced hemolysis of human erythrocytes
		To further substantiate that the hemolysis is diffusion limited in the absence of stirring, the time required to produce 50% hemolysis (PBS buffer) was plotted as a function of the square of the volume since the volume V = h A.
		Detergent-induced hemolysis occurs close to the critical micellar concentration of the detergents, especially for the non-ionic detergents [28,29].
		Although the molecular mechanism of methane-induced hemolysis is unclear, these results suggest that the strong interactions of methane with membranes may have clear advantages for a number of biochemical procedures.
	www.sb.fsu.edu /~soma/Publications/bcjnew.html (4730 words)

	Hemolysis on Blood Agar (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Hemolysis on blood agar is used for the preliminary or confirmatory identification of many types of clinically important bacteria.
		While it is factored into the differential diagnosis of a specific infectious agent, hemolysis type is not specific enough to be a final diagnosis criterion.
		The three hemolysis conditions continue to be described by terms that are somewhat confusing.
	web.indstate.edu /thcme/micro/hemolys.html (219 words)

	THE MERCK MANUAL, Sec. 11, Ch. 127, Anemias
		Hemolysis may result (1) from intrinsic abnormalities of RBC contents (Hb or enzymes) or membrane (permeability, structure, or lipid content), or (2) from problems extrinsic to the RBC (serum antibodies, trauma in the circulation, or infectious agents).
		In chronic hemolysis, anemia may be exacerbated by aplastic crisis (temporary failure of erythropoiesis); this is usually related to an infection, often parvovirus.
		Hemolysis is identified in the older RBC population of affected fls and most affected whites after exposure to drugs or other substances that produce peroxide and cause oxidation of Hb and RBC membranes.
	www.merck.com /pubs/mmanual/section11/chapter127/127d.htm (6923 words)

	Effects of Hemolysis on Clinical Specimens
		Hemolysis due to the breakdown of red blood cells is important to the laboratory because it can have an effect on laboratory results.
		Hemolysis is graded as slight, moderate or gross.
		Gross hemolysis causes a slight dilutional effect on analytes present at a lower concentration in the red cells compared to plasma.
	www.calgarylabservices.com /HealthcareProfessionals/SpecimenCollection/HemolysisEffects.htm (235 words)

	hemolysis -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Apart from normal breakdown of aged red blood cells, hemolysis is abnormal in the living but may be caused by inherited defects...
		Laboratory tests in which hemolysis (destruction) of the red cells is the end point are not used frequently in blood grouping.
		In the former, fragility of red blood cells (hemolysis) is seen; in the latter, where deficiency is more prolonged, neuromuscular dysfunction involving the spinal cord and retina may result in loss of reflexes, impaired balance and...
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9039970?tocId=9039970 (464 words)

	eMedicine - Hemolytic Anemia : Article Excerpt by: Paul Schick, MD (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Clinical presentation depends on whether the onset of hemolysis is gradual or abrupt and on the severity of erythrocyte destruction.
		Hemolysis is associated with a release of hemoglobin and lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDH).
		Morbidity is dependent on the etiology of hemolysis and the underlying disorder such as sickle cell anemia or malaria.
	www.emedicine.com /med/byname/hemolytic-anemia.htm (505 words)

	Effects of hemolysis on plasma electrolyte and chemistry values in the common green iguana (Iguana iguana)
		Hemolysis of serum and plasma samples is a common problem in veterinary diagnostic laboratories.
		We measured the effects of hemolysis on nine plasma analytes in 10 clinically normal common green iguanas (Iguana iguana).
		Blood samples with moderate and marked hemolysis were produced from each iguana by freezing, centrifuging, and decanting plasma from a portion of each blood sample, and combining the nonhemolyzed plasma with different amounts of hemolyzed plasma from the same individual.
	www.anapsid.org /hemolysis.html (258 words)

	Blood Flow, Negative Pressure, and Hemolysis During Hemodialysis
		Hemolysis has been observed in high-flow single-needle dialysis [5], partial thrombotic occlusion of intravenous catheters [6], and with very low inflow pressures and complete collapse of the arterial line [7].
		Massive hemolysis is associated with a positive "pink test" (pink-appearing serum), due to the presence of free hemoglobin, a very high concentration of serum lactate dehydrogenase, and almost complete disappearance of haptoglobin [7_11].
		Multistate outbreak of hemolysis in hemodialysis patients—Nebraska and Maryland.
	www.multi-med.com /homehemo/twardows/main.html (3652 words)

	ACQUIRED HEMOLYTIC ANEMIAS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Immune hemolysis is typified by abundant spherocytes on the peripheral blood smear.
		This hemolysis is thought to result from the activation of complement as blood passes through the oxygenator.
		Hemolysis within the spleen is greatest when the splenomegaly is caused by inflammatory states or splenic congestion due to elevated portal pressure.
	www.heacamjournal.com /htdocs/pages/art/66-ah.html (4340 words)

	Dorlands Medical Dictionary
		hemolysis caused by repeated uncushioned shocks to some body part, such as in soldiers on long marches, in marathon runners, or in karate practitioners.
		hemolysis due to swelling of the erythrocyte when defective membrane permeability allows excessive sodium to enter followed by excessive water.
		a term used to indicate absence of hemolysis around a bacterial colony on blood agar, which indicates that the bacteria is nonhemolytic.
	www.mercksource.com /pp/us/cns/cns_hl_dorlands.jspzQzpgzEzzSzppdocszSzuszSzcommonzSzdorlandszSzdorlandzSzdmd_h_07zPzhtm (3759 words)

	CHEST: Evaluation of intravascular hemolysis with erythrocyte creatine in patients with cardiac valve prostheses (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Moreover, hemolysis is more pronounced in a malfunctioning prosthesis than that in normally functioning prosthesis, (4) and a malfunctioning valve has a potential of thromboembolic events.
		Therefore, a reliable marker to estimate the severity of intravascular hemolysis from mechanical and shear stresses on erythrocytes is desirable.
		However, erythrocyte creatine is regarded as a sensitive and quantitative marker of mean age of the erythrocyte population, because young erythrocytes contain considerably higher creatine levels than older erythrocytes, (8) and creatine contents in erythrocytes decrease gradually with advancing cell age.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0984/is_6_125/ai_n6151133 (1104 words)

	Hemolysis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		Hemolysis is the most useful characteristic used in the preliminary identification and classification of streptococci.
		The hemolytic reaction is also dependent on the type of mammalian erythrocytes used in the medium, the composition of the basal medium, and on the atmosphere of incubation.
		Alpha (a)-hemolysis occurs when streptococci modify hemoglobin to green pigments (biliverdin and other heme compounds) creating a zone of partially lysed red cells surrounding the colonies and frequently accompanied by a greenish discoloration.
	dentistry.ouhsc.edu /intranet-WEB/Courses/DMI_8351/Hemolysis.html (452 words)

	Hemolytic Anemias
		The sine qua non for the diagnosis of hemolysis is demonstration of an attempted marrow response to erythrocyte destruction.
		In addition, assuming hemolysis is brisk enough to overwhelm the haptoglobin hemoglobin salvage mechanism, intravascular hemolysis produces hemosiderin in the urine sediment, free hemoglobin in the serum (which may be grossly visible), and free denatured hemoglobin in the urine.
		It should be noted that not all hemoglobinopathies or thalassemias produce hemolysis, but in some of them, especially sickle cell anemia and hemoglobin C disease, hemolysis dominates the clinical presentation.
	web2.airmail.net /uthman/hemolytic_anemia/hemolytic_anemia.html (2214 words)

	Differential Media - Hemolytic Reactions & CAMP Test
		Alpha hemolysis: The colony is surrounded by a zone of intact but discolored erythrocytes that have a greenish color.
		Gamma hemolysis is simply a synonym for negative hemolysis in which there is no change in the medium surrounding the colony as seen here.
		Remember not to confuse the terms hemolysin (that which causes hemolysis) and hemolysis (also known as hemolytic reaction – i.e., the reaction seen in the blood).
	www.jlindquist.net /generalmicro/dfhemo.html (460 words)

	CDC - Ruling Out Bacillus anthracis
		Hemolysis types were determined by subculturing them on 5% horse, sheep, and human blood agar plates: α-, β-, and γ-hemolysis were defined, according to standard criteria (13).
		Strong β-hemolysis was characterized as hemolysis clearly extending the colony margin, and weak β-hemolysis was characterized by a narrower hemolysis zone or slight hemolysis below colonies.
		Although other genera are known to produce distinct hemolysis types on different blood agar plates (14), comparative studies for bacilli have not been reported.
	www.cdc.gov /ncidod/EID/vol10no4/03-0544.htm (2214 words)

	Hemocompatibility
		Hemolysis evaluation NIH hemolysis (in vitro) extract, device/material (human blood) ISO 10993-1, ISO 10993-4, ISO 10993-12
		Hemolysis evaluation ASTM hemolysis (in vitro) extract, device/material (rabbit blood) ISO 10993-1, ISO 10993-4, ISO 10993-12
		Hemolysis evaluation NIH hemolysis (in vitro) extract, device/material (rabbit blood) ISO 10993-1, ISO 10993-4, ISO 10993-12
	www.nelsonlabs.com /biocompatibility/hemoprice.htm (685 words)

	Coprecipitation of Nonoxynol-9 With Polyvinylpyrrolidone To Decrease Vaginal Irritation Potential While Maintaining ...
		The RBC hemolysis assay has been shown to be advantageous in the screening of new topical preparations for their local irritation potential.
		is the extent of hemolysis of the RBCs as a function of the concentration of N-9 in the incubation media.
		The observed reduction of hemolysis of RBCs by N-9 in the presence of PVP suggests a reduction in the irritation potential of N-9.
	www.aapspharmscitech.org /view.asp?art=pt040330&pdf=yes (3963 words)

	Nephrology Nursing Journal: Assessing Anemia Secondary to Hemolysis in Hemodialysis Patients.@ HighBeam Research (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		When hemolysis occurs, it can jeopardize the goal of maintaining hemoglobin levels in the range recommended by NKF/DOQI (11 to 12 g/dL).
		In extreme cases, hemolysis is a serious, potentially life-threatening medical condition.
		Causes of overt or occult hemolysis in hemodialysis patients include: (a) water-borne toxins, (b) patient-specific factors, (c) medications, (d) hypotonic or hypertonic dialysate, and (e) faulty dialysis machines or procedures.
	www.highbeam.com /library/doc0.asp?DOCID=1G1:74293617&refid=ip_encyclopedia_hf (206 words)

	Strep Test for B hemolysis
		HEMOLYSIS: Pathogenic strains produce the exotoxin streptolysin which causes the complete lysis of red blood cells.
		We will learn to perform a diagnostic test for beta hemolysis on blood agar in which a plate is inoculated with a throat swab (of the oropharynx and palatine tonsils) and incubated at 35C.
		pyogenes colonies, and the characteristic greenish turbidity of alpha hemolysis in the throat swab.
	biology.clc.uc.edu /fankhauser/Labs/Microbiology/Strep_Detection/Strep_Test.htm (662 words)

	Photosensitization of Red Blood Cell Hemolysis: A Brief Review
		In post-irradiation or delayed photohemolysis (DPH) the cells are exposed to a brief, non-hemolyzing irradiation and hemolysis is measured during incubation in the dark.
		S is not the slope of the steep part of a sigmoidal hemolysis curve when there is a delay period prior to the onset of hemolysis.
		The data were plotted as the integral of the gaussian error function and the rate was calculated from as the slope of the hemolysis curves when drawn on a probit plot.
	www.photobiology.com /reviews/5 (4873 words)

	different sugars have different effects on hemolysis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		This effect is probably the consequence of an ATP depletion of the red blood cells subsequent to inhibition of hexokinase, and thus the glycolytic pathway, by sorbose 1-phosphate.
		After incubation for 24 h at 34 degrees C, the suspensions were centrifuged, and the percentage of hemolysis was determined by measuring the hemoglobin in the sediment and the supernatant.
		Additional note by poster: The abstract fails to mention that the small amount of hemolysis induced by glucose itself was reduced by about 50% when tagatose was substituted.
	www.cryonet.org /cgi-bin/dsp.cgi?msg=14833 (298 words)

	Malaria Site: Hemolysis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		The intravascular hemolysis can be due to non-immune destruction of parasitized red cells in case of high parasitemia or due to immune mediated destruction of parasitized as well as non-parasitized red cells.
		The hemolysis can occur so rapidly that the hemoglobin may drop significantly within a few hours and it may recur periodically at intervals of hours or days.
		In cases with hemolysis following primaquine therapy, Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase assay should be done and the drug should be stopped.
	www.malariasite.com /malaria/Hemolysis.htm (389 words)

	Distant Mental Influence of Rate of Hemolysis
		In a novel approach to studying the possible mechanisms of psychic healing, 32 unselected subjects participated in a laboratory experiment in which attempts were made to psychically influence the hemolysis of blood in a test-tube at a distance.
		Half of the subjects were randomly assigned to a condition where the blood that they attempted to influence belonged to another person while half were assigned a condition in which the target blood was their own.
		All subjects attempted to slow down (protect) the rate of hemolysis (i.e., the breakdown of the blood) in a test-tube.
	www.goodsamiam.com /braud.htm (160 words)

	Hemolysis Risk (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		In one to two minutes per patient, a nurse can check that all dialysis pumps deliver the flow for which they are set.
		The laptop computer is not needed for this protocol; it may be left turned off and detached from the monitor.
		The incidence of hemolysis related to flow restriction could be higher than is clinically recognized.
	www.transonic.com /hemolysis_risk.shtml (1122 words)

	hemolysis on Encyclopedia.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-07)
		HEMOLYSIS [hemolysis], destruction of red blood cells in the bloodstream.
		Isoimmunization is unlikely to be the cause of hemolysis in ABO-incompatible but direct antiglobulin test-negative neonates.
		Erythropoietin therapy obviates the need for recurrent transfusions in a patient with severe hemolysis due to prosthetic valves.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/h1/hemolysi.asp (524 words)

	Hemolysis of Erythrocytes by Granulysin-Derived Peptides but Not by Granulysin -- Li et al. 49 (1): 388 -- ...
		Hemolysis was determined by measuring the OD Control cells (no peptide) were lysed to determine the total
		Granulysin and a subset of granulysin-derived peptides induce hemolysis.
		hemolysis and swelling of human red blood cells (data not shown).
	aac.asm.org /cgi/content/full/49/1/388 (4583 words)

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