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Topic: Henrician Articles

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Religious freedom

	Science Fair Projects - Henrician Articles
		Henrician Articles, also known as Henrykian Articles (Polish Artykuły henrykowskie), contained the most important ideals of governance in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in form of 21 Articles written and voted for by the szlachta in 1573 during the times of interregnum in the town of Kamien near Warsaw.
		While pacta conventa contained only the personal vowes and promises of the king-elect, the Henrician Articles were a permanent statute that all king-elects had to swear to respect, from the times of first elected king, the Henry III of France.
		The Articles confirmed the informal tradition that the king could not call for pospolite ruszenie to serve outside of the Commonwealth boundaries for free and that he had to pay for the royal army (wojsko kwarciane).
	www.all-science-fair-projects.com /science_fair_projects_encyclopedia/Henrician_Articles (510 words)

	Henrician Articles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		While pacta conventa comprised only the personal undertakings of the king-elect, the Henrician Articles were a permanent statute that all king-elects had to swear to respect, beginning with the first elected Polish king, the later Henry III of France.
		The Henrician Articles created a Council comprising 16 senators (also known as "residents)." The Council was elected every two years during the Sejm session.
		The Articles upheld the informal tradition that the king could not call a levee en masse (pospolite ruszenie) to serve outside the Commonwealth's borders without compensation and that he must pay for the royal army (wojsko kwarciane).
	www.tocatch.info /en/Henrician_articles.htm (493 words)

	The Act of the six Articles
		Although the Injuntions of 1536 and 1538 suggest that Henry VIII was influenced by the New Learning, the Statute of the Six Articles, passed in 1539, shows that he was nevertheless prepared to enforce under heavy penalties the fundamental doctrines of the Church.
		Nothing was made heresy by the Statute of Six Articles which the bishop would not have held to be heresy under the Act of 1401, and the procedure was far less oppressive than that established by the Acts of 1401 and 1414.
		Formally titled "An Act Abolishing Diversity in Opinions", the Act of Six Articles reinforced existing heresy laws and reasserted traditional Catholic doctrine as the basis of faith for the English Church.The Act was passed by Parliament in Jun of 1539.
	www.tudorplace.com.ar /Documents/act_six_articles.htm (818 words)

	Anglicanism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Thus the chief note of Henrician settlement is the fact that Anglicanism was founded in the acceptance of the Royal, and the rejection of the Papal Supremacy, and was placed upon a decidedly Erastian basis.
		Although the negotiations thus formally came to an end, the Thirteen Articles on which agreement with the Germans had been made were kept by Archbishop Cranmer, and afterwards by Archbishop Parker, and were used as test articles to which the preachers whom they licensed were required to subscribe.
		The Articles, thus increased to Thirty-nine, were ratified by the Queen, and the bishops and clergy were required to assent and subscribe thereto.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/a/anglicanism.html (5243 words)

	Rex - Henry VIII
		Evangelical chords were already being struck in official religious documents, such as Cromwell's visitation articles for the monasteries in 1535, which inveighed against the superstition, hypocrisy and `idolatry' of much of what was then known as `religion' (that is, the `religious life' of monks and nuns).
		But the Henrician line was that religious images were in themselves harmless, even useful, and that royal policy was directed solely against images abused by idolatry.
		The fascinating feature about the Henrician interpretation of what was now the second commandment was that it did not read as a wholesale prohibition of religious images: `By these words we be utterly forbidden to make or to have any similitude or image to the intent to bow down to it or worship it'.
	gracewood0.tripod.com /henryrex.html (3213 words)

	Polish and Russian Political History - The First Elective Kings, 1572-1588
		Nevertheless, as the prospects of the Duke of Anjou had approached certainty, the more cool-headed of the electors had begun to feel some natural anxiety as to how far this foreign Prince, the offspring of a despotic House, would be likely to respect the liberties of the Republic.
		The articles were supplemented, a few days later, by pacta conventa, corresponding to our coronation oath, which Montluc signed on behalf of Henry.
		The new King bound himself thereby to maintain a fleet in the Baltic at his own expense, place 450,000 ducats at the disposal of the Republic, educate 100 young Polish nobles abroad, espouse the late King's sister, the Korolewna Anna, eighteen years his senior1, and confirm the Compact of Warsaw.
	www.oldandsold.com /articles11/slavic-europe-6.shtml (3318 words)

	(Poland: History of its Elective Democracy)
		The gentry presented their case in 39 articles, demanding reorganization of the treasury, prohibition of purchases of real estate by the queen, codification of laws, and release from church taxes.
		A bigger rokosz was led by Mikolaj Zebrzydowski, the Senator palatine of Cracow, in 1606, in response to the proposal of Sigismund ifi Vasa that the free election of his successor be abolished and his son Ladislaus be made king (he was elected later anyway).
		Considering it a gross breach of the first Henrician Article, the participants in the rokosz demanded that Sigismund III be dethroned.
	info-poland.buffalo.edu /JJ.html (11665 words)

	Informat.io on History Of Poland 1569 1795 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Each king had to sign the so called Henrician Articles, which were the basis of the political system of Poland, and pacta conventa which were various personal obligations of the chosen king.
		From that point, the king was effectively a partner with the noble class and constantly supervised by a group of senators.
		Commonwealth-Ottomans relations were never too warm, as the Commonwealth viewed itself as the 'bulwark of the Christendom' and together with Habsburgs and Republic of Venice was the thorn in the Ottoman plans of European conquest.
	www.informat.io /?title=history-of-poland-1569-1795 (4137 words)

	Banner of Truth Trust General Articles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Edward became king in 1547, aged nine, to a throne surrounded by a fellowship of Calvinists.
		The Duke of Somerset, John Dudley and Archbishop Cranmer had a firm agenda, uprooting the weeds of growing superstitions and obliterating the vestiges of Romishness that existed in the Henrician Church.
		The fl rubric was added which said that kneeling to receive communion did not imply adoration of the bread and wine.
	www.banneroftruth.org /pages/articles/article_detail.php?675 (733 words)

	Westminster Seminary California clark
		Five articles drafted and adopted by an international Reformed Synod convened at Dordtrecht by the Dutch Reformed Church in response to the five points of the Remonstrant (Arminian) theologians.
		Schmalkald Articles (1537) A confession of faith, in three parts, written by Luther in preparation for the Council to be convened at Mantua (eventually meeting at Trent).
		Schwabach Articles (1529) 17 articles revised from the articles drafted for the Marburg Colloquy.
	www.wscal.edu /clark/glossary.php (15175 words)

	SCJ Abstracts, Volume 29 (1998)
		The article's findings demonstrate that the elite status achieved by Henricians was not attributable to their ascribed status, and that the Henrician bishops were ideally suited to the society they represented.
		This article analyzes the royal entry festival held for Henri II by the city of Rouen in 1550.
		The article aims to explicate the manner in which these cannibals came to mediate the interests and identities of those who wrote, organized, and watched the entry.
	escj.truman.edu /vol29abs.html (3389 words)

	Cranmer as Reformer
		[47] The final articles, concerning images, saints, etc. are not commanded by God as necessary for salvation, but rather are commanded by the king as necessary for peaceful order in his realm.
		His ‘hard-core opposition’[63] meant that the word transubstantiation did not appear in the Six Articles, and auricular confession was weakened in its import, as we have already noted.
		The political background to Henry’s reversal of policy is the threat of a conservative invasion from the newly-allied France and Spain, and the conservative backlash within England itself.
	www.ans.com.au /~lwindsor/topical/Cranmer_Reformer.htm (4286 words)

	Thomas Cranmer Biography \| Encyclopedia of World Biography
		This commission published the Ten Articles, a statement of the beliefs of the Henrician Church, which it was hoped could be accepted by Lutherans as well as Catholics.
		In 1539 Cranmer opposed the Act of the Six Articles; he believed the act was too Catholic despite the fact that Henry VIII himself had drawn up the final text.
		Cranmer and others had worked on these articles for many years, and they were the prototypes of the famous Thirty-nine Articles established in Queen Elizabeth's reign.
	www.bookrags.com /biography/thomas-cranmer (856 words)

	AmericanHeritage.com / AMERICA: CURATOR OF BRITISH POLITICAL RELICS
		A second example, and perhaps a more striking one, of an old English institution thriving in the New World is the grand jury, dead and buried in England by the Administration of Justice (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act, 1933, and dying on the vine for some time before.
		This is the old jury of presentment, with origins stretching back to the Henrician reforms of the twelfth century, and even beyond: the group of neighbors specially empaneled to tell of mysterious crimes, hold special inquiries, and indict suspected persons—still the main form of indictment in the United States.
		This article is taken from a talk he gave over the B.B.C. some months ago on “The Third Program,” a kind of intelligent man’s radio service which unfortunately has no U.S. counterpart.
	americanheritage.com /articles/magazine/ah/1957/1/1957_1_12_print.shtml (2609 words)

	Zebrzydowski's Rebellion
		Demands of the konfederacja was outlined in 67 articles.
		They demanded Sigismund III's dethronement for breaching the Henrician Articles, and the expulsion of the Jesuits from the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.
		They further demanded that the Sejm was to be appoint state officials instead of the king; that local officials should be elected and not appointed and that protestant rights should be expanded and protected.
	www.tagate.com /wars/page/zebrzydowski.shtml (442 words)

	Henry of Valois (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		On the occasion of this first election, the so-called Henrician Articles were formulated.
		From then all, on ascending the Polish throne every king elect had to pledge to observe these articles.
		The articles listed the most important principles underlying the state system, including the superior role of the Seym.
	artyzm.com /matejko/poczet/e_walezy.htm (151 words)

	A wise head on young shoulders Spectator, The - Find Articles
		The Duke of Somerset, John Dudley (later the Duke of Northumberland) and Archbishop Cranmer were more than mere politicians adept at surviving Henry's court which had frequently see-sawed between protestants and traditionalists.
		Rather, MacCulloch shows, they had a firm agenda: uprooting the devotional landscape of the English and obliterating the remaining vestiges of Romishness that existed in the Henrician Church (despite Cranmer's best efforts, Henry never accepted the Reformation view of justification by faith alone).
		By the time of Edward's death in 1553 they had achieved much of this, despite John Knox's withering dismissal of Cranmer as a 'mild man of God'.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3724/is_200002/ai_n8895836 (925 words)

	The Nationalism Project: Competing National Ideologies Chapter V
		This is tied to the works of Hegel (1975) and the idea of the “dialectic of the spirit of peoples”, espousing that the highest form of collectivity manifests itself in the formation of statehoods; placing the path to heightened political formation for minorities within the attainment of the nation-state.
		The ratification of the right of all peoples to the “principle of equal rights and self-determination of peoples” in the United Nations Charter Article 1 (2) and 55 was to further solidify this, equating sovereignty with the control of the nation-state within the international order (ibid.: 2).
		Upwardly mobile commoners who reached the top of the social ladder, they found unacceptable the traditional image of society in which social mobility was an anomaly, and substituted a new image for it, that of a nation as it came to be understood in modern times.
	www.nationalismproject.org /articles/Pero/ch5.html (6763 words)

	Warsaw Confederation (1573) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		However, the articles signed by the Confederation gave official sanction to earlier custom.
		The people most involved in preparing the articles were Mikołaj Sienicki (leader of the "execution movement"), Jan Firlej and Jan Zborowski.
		The articles of the Warsaw Confederation were later incorporated into the Henrician Articles, and thus became constitutional provisions alongside the Pacta conventa also instituted in 1573.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Warsaw_Confederation_(1573) (679 words)

	RatherNotBlog » Blog Archive » Icons and Anglicans (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		The Church in the Articles (I): Article XIX (a) »
		If The Articles are authoritative then the doctrine of the Seventh Council and the Council of Trent on icons and images cannot be regarded as part of the Reformed Catholicism of the Anglican Way (see Article XXII and the Homily “On the Peril of Idolatry”, Article XXXV).
		If the test of a true council in Article XXI is its conformity to Scripture and reception by the church, then the seventh council is a true council—and so indeed has been taken by many, if not most, Anglicans for some time.
	rathernot.classicalanglican.net /?p=168 (2991 words)

	EDWARD R
		And of these two orders only, that is to say priests and deacons, scripture maketh express mention, and how they were conferred of the apostles by prayer and imposition of their hands.
		The medieval system continued, however, through the Henrician period, with few, if any, ordained to the diaconate except those who intended to advance to the priesthood.
		The establishment of the monastic churches, which were refounded as secular cathedrals in several cases, included a deacon and subdeacon, but this seems merely to mean minor canons who would be prepared to serve as readers of the Gospel and Epistle at High Mass.
	www.deaconsplace.org /~articles/nolan_richard/chapter_1.html (7151 words)

	Henry VIII's Divorce: Literature and the Politics of the Printing Press Canadian Journal of History - Find Articles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		Henry VIII's Divorce: Literature and the Politics of the Printing Press, by J. Christopher Warner.
		Although examinations of Henrician literature and propaganda are hardly new, Warner adds an interesting twist - that Henry was himself directing the literary campaign.
		Over the 1529-35 "divorce era," he takes the reader through a mary landscape of various publications, all supposedly aimed at developing or opposing, what he termed, Henry's "reticent delicacy" (feigned confusion and scholarly advice-seeking).
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3686/is_200112/ai_n9014653 (900 words)

	Up among the Yorkshire monks who pray for their enemies Spectator, The - Find Articles
		I tried to imagine how it must have seemed to a 15th-century peasant who came to York for the first, perhaps the only, time in his life, to gawp and wonder at its immensity.
		The Catholic Church, in its last century of glory before the Reformation destroyed all and the thieving upstarts of the Henrician court moved in to plunder, was ubiquitous and all-pervasive.
		It was much closer than the Crown, with more power at the local level, especially in remote provinces like Yorkshire.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_qa3724/is_199810/ai_n8815453 (933 words)

	Salvinorin-A (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		From that point, the king was effectively a partner with the noble class and constantly supervised by a group of senator s.
		This project is designed to improve the quality of all hip hop hip hop culture and hip hop music related articles.
		The code for placing is: This type of templates are generally rarely used and usually are placed on the most relevant articles directly connected to the portal.
	salvinorin.a.en.iwet.info (7674 words)

	Polish Socinians \| Page 2
		He calls the Statutes of Warsaw a "pact with death and hell" claiming that Franciszek Krasinski, the lone bishop who signed it, did so under the "the threat of sword." The future legal acts containing the articles of the Confederation were signed by bishops with the note: excepto articulo confoederationis.
		He points out the phony piety of a king who does not fulfill his obligations when he swore to respect the Henrician Articles.
		These conditions are known as the Henrician Articles: Pacem inter dissidentes de religione tuebor, nec quenquam offendi opprimique causa religionis permittam.
	www.socinian.org /polish_socinians2.html (5756 words)

	Tudor Church Reform: The Henrician Canons of 1535 and the 'Reformatio Legum Ecclesiasticarum'. (Reviews of Books).(Book ...
		Tudor Church Reform: The Henrician Canons of 1535 and the 'Reformatio Legum Ecclesiasticarum'.
		This hefty volume makes available two important sixteenth-century documents: the Henrician canons of 1535 and the Reformatio legum ecclesiasticarum.
		Access superior sources and sophisticated research tools, including the HighBeam Library archive of over 32,000,000 articles from thousands of business and consumer magazines and journals, transcripts of TV and radio news and entertainment broadcasts, maps, images and more!
	newssearch.looksmart.com /p/articles/mi_hb005/is_200206/ai_hibm1G193827461 (232 words)

	Amazon.fr : Wyatt, Surrey and Early Tudor Poetry: Livres en anglais: Elizabeth Heale (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-14)
		This study focuses primarily on the work of the two most successful courtier poets, Sir Thomas Wyatt (c.1503-1542) and Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey (1517-1547).
		Although Surrey admired and imitated Wyatt, each represents a significantly different element in the Henrician court.
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	www.amazon.fr /Wyatt-Surrey-Early-Tudor-Poetry/dp/058209352X (425 words)

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