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| | Portugal |
 | | Portugal traces its emergence as a nation to June 24, 1128, with the Battle of São Mamede by Afonso I. On October 5, 1143, Portugal was formally recognized. |
 | | Historically, the 19th century was a failure to Portugal as it was for Spain and other countries in southern Europe, and in the end of that century, Portugal entered a serious economic and financial crisis, thus it turned to colonial expansion in Africa, careless of internal reforms. |
 | | Portugal developed an increasingly service-based economy and it was one of the eleven founding countries of the Euro in 1999, with very restrictive criteria, and began circulating its new currency on January 1, 2002 along with 12 other EU members. |
| www.creekin.net /n150-portugal.html (4036 words) |
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