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	Henry Benedict Stuart
		Henry Benedict Maria Clement Thomas Francis Xavier Stuart (March 11, 1725 – July 13, 1807), born in Rome, Italy, was the second son of James Francis Edward Stuart, the ''Old Pretender'', to the thrones of England, Scotland, and Ireland.
		On the death of his brother, on January 31, 1788 Henry Stuart considered himself King Henry IX and I; he was the last of the direct male line of James II and VII and the last genuine pretender to publicly claim the thrones of Britain.
		Henry returned to Frascati and in September, 1803, he became Dean of the College of Cardinals and hence Cardinal Bishop of Ostia and Velletri, though he still lived in the episcopal palace at Frascati.
	www.seattleluxury.com /encyclopedia/entry/Henry_Benedict_Stuart (879 words)

	Drew Spencer Family Tree - aqwg239
		Henry of Gloucester Stuart Duke was born 8 Jul 1640 in Oatlands, Surrey, England.
		Henry Benedict Thomas Stuart Duke of York was born 6 Mar 1724/1725 in Rome, Italy.
		Henry Frederick Stuart Prince of Wales was born 19 Feb 1593/1594 in Stirling Castle.
	members.tripod.com /drewspen/genealogy/aqwg239.htm (1066 words)

	Henry IX and I
		Henry Benedict Maria Clement Thomas Francis Xavier Stuart was born March 6, 1725, in the Palazzo Muti (now Palazzo Balestra) in Rome.
		On March 13, 1758, Pope Benedict XIV named him, Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church; as such Henry was responsible for the administration of the Church from the death of Pope Benedict XIV until the election of Pope Clement XIII.
		Henry's remains lie in the crypt of the Basilica of Saint Peter in the Vatican, where a monument designed by Antonio Canova was raised to his memory.
	www.jacobite.ca /kings/henry.htm (1404 words)

	English Monarchs - Kings and Queens of England - Henry Benedict Stuart. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		The last scion of the Stuart dynasty and the second son of James Francis Edward Stuart and Maria Clementina Sobieski was born on 6th or 21st March, 1725, at the Palazzo Muti, Rome.
		Henry Stuart was a good-looking young man, with the same dark eyes as his brother Charles, but lacked Charles' height and in common with his father, he was more introverted, cautious and certainly less high spirited than his ebullient older brother.
		Henry, the last of the ancient royal House of Stuart, died on 13th July, 1807, at Frascati and was buried with his father and brother in St. Peter's Basilica within the Vatican.
	www.englishmonarchs.co.uk /stuart_13.htm (1006 words)

	Henry Benedict Stuart - Medbib.com, the modern encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		Henry Benedict Cardinal Stuart (March 11, 1725 – July 13, 1807) was the fourth and last Jacobite to publicly claim the thrones of England, Scotland, and Ireland.
		Henry Benedict Maria Clement Thomas Francis Xavier Stuart was born in exile at Rome, 37 years after his grandfather James II of England lost the throne, and ten years after his father's failed attempt to regain it.
		After its defeat, Henry Stuart returned to Italy, and in 1747 Pope Benedict XIV made him a Cardinal and in 1748 he was ordained a priest.
	www.medbib.com /Henry_Benedict_Stuart (847 words)

	AllRefer.com - Stuart, British royal family (British And Irish History, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		The Stuart lineage began in a family of hereditary stewards of Scotland, the earliest of whom was Walter (d.
		Several early Stuarts were regents of Scotland, and after Robert, seventh in the hereditary line of stewards, became king as Robert II (1371), the crown remained in the family succession.
		The parliamentary rule of succession was adopted because the claim to the throne of the Roman Catholic James II and his descendants, James Francis Edward Stuart (the Old Pretender), Charles Edward Stuart (the Young Pretender), and Henry Stuart (Cardinal York), was upheld by the Jacobites.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/S/Stuart.html (541 words)

	AllRefer.com - Henry Benedict Maria Clement Stuart (British And Irish History, Biography) - Encyclopedia
		Henry Benedict Maria Clement Stuart known as Cardinal York, 1725–1807, claimant to the British throne, b.
		Second son of James Francis Edward Stuart (the Old Pretender), he was the Jacobite duke of York until the death (1788) of his brother Charles Edward Stuart (the Young Pretender), when he became royal claimant as Henry IX.
		He was the last of the direct male line of James II and the last pretender to press a claim to the throne (see Stuart, family).
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/S/Stuart-Yrk.html (304 words)

	My Family
		Henry STUART (Lord Darnley) was born in 1545.
		Henry Benedict Thomas STUART (Duke of York) was born on 6 Mar 1725 in Rome, Italy.
		Henry Frederick STUART (Prince of Wales) was born on 19 Feb 1594 in Stirling Castle.
	sneakers.pair.com /roots/b152.htm (1720 words)

	Henry Benedict Stuart (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.cs.umd.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		Henry Benedict Stuart as Cardinal Duke of York Henry Benedict Maria Clement Thomas Francis Xavier Stuart (March 11, 1725 - July 13, 1807), born in Rome, Italy.
		After its defeat, Henry Stuart returned to Italy, and in 1747 the Pope made him a Cardinal and in 1748 ordained him a priest.
		On the death of his brother, Charles Edward Stuart on January 31, 1788 Henry Stuart considered himself King Henry IX and I; he was the last of the direct male line of James II and VII and the last pretender to publicly claim the thrones of Britain.
	henry-benedict-stuart.kiwiki.homeip.net.cob-web.org:8888 (705 words)

	Stuart Weitzman Resources & Information - stuart weitzman shoes
		The earliest known member of stuart weitzman chaps boots the House of Stewart was Flaald I (Flaald the Seneschal), an 11th century stuart weitzman dryice silver Breton noble who was a stuart weitzman evening shoe follower of the Lord of Dol and Combourg.
		His grandson Flaald II was a supporter of Henry I of England and made the crucial move from Brittany to Britain, which was where the future fortunes of the Stewarts lay.
		stuart weitzman bags Their son Robert was heir to the House stuart weitzman shoes and stuart weitzman diamond lil suspend of Bruce; he eventually inherited the Scottish stuart weitzman sandals stuart weitzman 'telstar' throne when his uncle David II of Scotland died childless in 1371.
	www.bizhisto.com /Biz-Retail-Companies-Se---Th/Stuart-Weitzman.html (799 words)

	English Monarchs - Kings and Queens of England - James I. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		The Stuarts, that highly romantic but luckless dynasty, suceeded to the English throne on the death of Elizabeth I in 1603 in the person of James I and VI, son of Mary Queen of Scots who became the first ruler of both England and Scotland.
		On the death of Queen Anne in 1714 the Stuart dynasty was displaced by its Hanoverian cousins.
		James I & VI, the son of that ill matched pair, Mary, Queen of Scots and Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley, was born at Edinburgh Castle after a difficult and protracted labour on 19th June 1566.
	www.englishmonarchs.co.uk /stuart.htm (1603 words)

	1807 - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		The Prussians are forced to cede more than half their territory, which is formed into the Duchy of Warsaw in their former Polish lands and the Kingdom of Westphalia in western Germany.
		July 13 - With the death of Henry Benedict Stuart, the last Stuart claimant to the throne of the United Kingdom, the movement of Jacobitism comes to an effective end.
		July 13 - Henry Benedict Stuart, claimant to the throne of the United Kingdom (b.
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/1807 (723 words)

	thePeerage.com - Catherine Laura Stuart and others
		She was the daughter of Jaques Louis Henry Sobieski, Prince of Poland and Hedwig Elizabeth Amelia von Pfalz-Neuburg.
		She married James Francis Edward Stuart, Duke of Cornwall, son of James II Stuart, King of Great Britain and Mary Beatrice Eleanora Anne Margaret Isabella d'Este, on 3 September 1719 in Monte Fiascone, Bologna, Italy.
		Henry Benedict Thomas Stuart was born on 6 March 1725 in Palazzo Muti, Rome, Italy.
	www.thepeerage.com /p10137.htm (2555 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Henry Benedict Maria Clement Stuart
		Cardinal, Duke of York, known by the Jacobites as "Henry IX, King of Great Britain, France, and Ireland"; born at Rome, 11 March, 1725; died at Frascati, 13 July, 1807.
		He was the second son of James Francis Edward Stuart, the Chevalier de St. George, and Clementina, daughter of Prince James Sobieski.
		At his death the Stuart papers in his possession were bought by George IV for the Royal Library, and others are now in the British Museum.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/14316b.htm (425 words)

	1807
		May 22 - Sufficient evidence is presented to a grand jury to indict former Vice President of the United States Aaron Burr for treason.
		July 13- With the death of Henry Benedict Stuart,the last Stuart claimant to the throne of the United Kingdom the movement of Jacobitism ends.
		July 13 - Henry Benedict Stuart, claimant to the throne of the United Kingdom as King Henry IX.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/18/1807.html (248 words)

	Scottish Political Timeline 1707 - 1832 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		The chances of a Stuart restoration suffer a setback after the Earl of Mar with 12,000 Royalist troops fails to defeat 4,000 government troops under the Duke of Argyll at the Battle of Sherrifmuir.
		He is succeeded by his brother Henry Benedict, known to his supporters as Henry I of Scots and IX of England.
		Henry Dundas, Viscount Melville is forced to resign as First Lord of the Admiralty following a vote in the Commons.
	www.alba.org.uk /timeline/1707to1832.html (2832 words)

	ipedia.com: House of Stuart Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		Their son Robert was heir to the House of Bruce; he eventually inherited the Scottish throne when his uncle died childless in 1371.
		Maragret Tudor later married Archibald Douglas, 6th Earl of Angus, and their daughter Margaret Douglas was the mother of Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley, who married his half-cousin Mary Queen of Scots.
		Henry Benedict Stuart, claimed throne as Henry IX of Britain, (1766-1807)
	www.ipedia.com /house_of_stuart.html (636 words)

	History of the Monarchy > The Jacobite Claimants > Prince Henry
		Henry Benedict tried to persuade Charles to stop drinking, consoled him when his wife ran away with the Italian poet, Alfieri, and gave him financial support.
		When in 1799, during the French Revolution, his palace at Frascati was sacked by the French, the British government arranged his escape to Venice and George III gave him a small pension.
		Henry was buried in St Peter's in Rome, with his father and his brother, and above them was placed a handsome marble monument by Canova, commissioned by the Prince Regent.
	www.royal.gov.uk /output/Page146.asp (304 words)

	FIFTEENTH GENERATION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		James Francis Edward STUART was born in 1688 in England (aka James the Old Pretender).
		Maria Clementina SOBIESKI Princess was born in 1702 in Poland - - grdtr King of Poland.
		HENRY BENEDICT Cardinal STUART Duke of York was born in 1725 in England (Cardinal York) - son of James III.
	home.att.net /~hamiltonclan/hamilton/gilbert/d6010.htm (103 words)

	Courtly Lives - House of Sobieski (gen 8 - 9)
		Henry was the son of Matthew, Earl of Lennox.
		Marie was the mistress of Charles Edward Stuart.
		Prince Charles Edward Stuart died January 31, 1788; at age 67, at the Muti Palazzo in Rome, Italy, of an apoplectic fit, and was buried at Frascati (his brother's cathedral), and was later buried in St. Peters.
	www.angelfire.com /mi4/polcrt/Sobieski.html (2426 words)

	Stuart, Henry Benedict Maria Clement - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-28)
		STUART, HENRY BENEDICT MARIA CLEMENT [Stuart, Henry Benedict Maria Clement] known as Cardinal York, 1725-1807, claimant to the British throne, b.
		Author not available, STUART, HENRY BENEDICT MARIA CLEMENT.
		Find newspaper and magazine articles plus images and maps related to "Stuart, Henry Benedict Maria Clement" at HighBeam.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-stuart-y1rk.html (279 words)

	NPG 129; Unknown Cardinal, formerly known as Henry Benedict Maria Clement Stuart, Cardinal York
		Henry Benedict Maria Clement Stuart, Cardinal York (1725-1807), Son of Prince James Francis Edward Stuart.
		This portrait was formerly thought to represent Henry Benedict Stuart, the younger brother of Bonnie Prince Charlie, the 'young pretender'.
		Henry Benedict grew up in Italy where he became a Cardinal, and this portrait, painted by an Italian artist, represents a man in cardinal's robes.
	www.npg.org.uk /live/search/portrait.asp?mkey=mw06985 (133 words)

	The Pillars of the Earth - Topic :
		King Henry (VIII) didn't ransack all the churches for their wealth under the guise of removing Protestantism from England,but dissolved the monastaries under the guise of removing Catholicism from England (although quite a bit of ransacking did go on).
		And, of course, of Henry, Duke of Richmond.
		Henry IX is actually Hank Hill, a native of Texas, who sells propane while awaiting his opportunity to ascend to the throne.
	answerpool.com /eve/ubb.x/a/tpc/f/436601891/m/198101355 (1095 words)

	Bonnie Prince Charlie and the Jacobites, Scotland - UK History.
		His son was born in 1688, James Francis Edward Stuart (the Old Pretender) was to have been James III of Britain.
		The Stuarts always looked to France first for aid as it was the strongest Catholic power, it had a long rivalry with England and it was close.
		Thirdly Jacobitism did not really stand for a noble cause, it sought to put the Stuarts back on the throne and they stood for the 'divine right of kings' which meant they believed the king was chosen by god and should have absolute authority.
	www.scotshistoryonline.co.uk /charlieb.html (1204 words)

	Chronology Of Events
		Henry_I Beauclerc and Matilda (Edith) of_Scotland are married in Westminster,Abbey,London,England
		Henry_I Beauclerc and Adeliza of_Louvain are married in Westminster,Abbey,London,England
		Henry the_Lion and Matilda (Maud) are married in Minden,Saxony,Germany
	gatheringleaves.org /uged/examples/chrono.htm (1826 words)

	The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church - Biographical Dictionary - Consistory of July 3, 1747
		STUART OF YORK, Henry Benedict Mary Clement (1725-1807)
		He was baptized by Pope Benedict XIII and received the names Henry Benedict Thomas Edward Maria Clement Francis Xavier.
		He was the son of James Francis Edward Stuart, son of King James II of England, de iure James III, called the Old Pretender, and Maria Clementina Sobieska, granddaughter of Jan Sobieski, King of Poland.
	www.fiu.edu /~mirandas/bios1747-ii.htm (496 words)

	The Frick Collection: Exhibitions: Future
		Dating from Liotard’s sojourn in Italy (1736–38), this miniature represents the grandsons of James II, the Stuart king who lost the British crown to William and Mary in 1688.
		Living in exile in Rome during the 1730s, the Stuart family commissioned several portraits of themselves from Liotard for distribution to their supporters.
		Henry Benedict, on the left, became a cardinal of the Roman Catholic church, while the elder Charles Edward Stuart, known as “Bonnie Prince Charlie,” spent his life fighting unsuccessfully to restore his family to the British throne.
	www.frick.org /exhibitions/liotard/exhibition.htm (1039 words)

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