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Topic: Henry Clay Frick

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	Henry Clay Frick - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Frick and Carnegie's partnership came to an end over Frick's aggressive anti-labor policies, beginning with actions taken in response to the Homestead Steel Strike, an 1892 labor strike at the Homestead Works of the Carnegie Steel Company.
		Frick was known for his ruthless anti-union policy and as negotiations were still taking place he ordered the construction of a solid board fence topped with barbed wire around mill property.
		The workers dubbed the newly fortified mill "Fort Frick." Frick's forcible repression of the strike, using a small army of Pinkertons, resulted in several deaths and was ultimately quelled by the additional action of 8,000 militia.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Henry_Clay_Frick (542 words)

	Henry Clay Frick Houses (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Henry Clay Frick, the world-famous art collector and steel tycoon, was a towering figure in America's "gilded age" of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.
		This elegant volume, written by Frick's great-granddaughter and biographer, features the four major houses purchased, built, and renovated for the steel magnate; each is described in exacting detail, with information about the architects and interior designers, furnishings and art, and decoration.
		The late-Victorian Clayton, in Pittsburgh, was Henry Clay Frick's first home as a married man and the chairman of the Carnegie Steel Company; it now houses the Frick Art and Historical Center.
	www.monacellipress.com /books/TheHenryClayFrickHouses.shtml (345 words)

	Henry Clay Frick - People of Pennsylvania
		Frick and his associates built coke ovens to heat the coal and extract the coke.
		Frick survived the attack, but it served as a reminder of the violent emotions that surfaced during the labor dispute.
		Henry Clay Frick : An Intimate Portrait is a huge work, a detailed biography luxuriously produced on heavy stock paper, full of marvelous illustrations and photographs.
	www.netstate.com /states/peop/people/pa_hcf.htm (713 words)

	History of Industrialist, Art Patron, and Philanthropist Henry Clay Frick
		Frick was a millionaire by the age of 30.
		Frick bequeathed this residence and the works of art for the formation of a public gallery for the purpose of “encouraging and developing the study of the fine arts...subject to occupancy by Mrs.
		In the 1990s, the Henry Clay Frick Educational Commission became the Henry Clay Frick Educational Fund, one of the specially-endowed funds of Pittsburgh's Buhl Foundation(better known for construction and operation of The Buhl Planetarium and Institute of Popular Science).
	johnbrashear.tripod.com /frick.html (1565 words)

	Henry Clay Frick (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Frick's forcible repression of the strike, using a small army of Pinkerton s, resulting in several deaths, and which was only ultimately quelled by the additional action of 8,000 militia, angered many radicals.
		Frick Art Reference Library Founded in 1920 as a memorial to Henry Clay Frick, "to encourage and develop the study of the fine arts, and to advance the general knowledge of kindred subjects." Maintains a large and diverse collection of works and reference materials e
		Henry Clay: An Introduction Profile of the man and his times.
	www.serebella.com /encyclopedia/article-Henry_Clay_Frick.html (819 words)

	HENRY CLAY FRICK, PENNSYLVANIA BIOGRAPHIES
		Henry Clay Frick was born in 1849 in West Overton, Pennsylvania.
		In 1871 he organized the H. Frick Coke Co. Coke was an important ingredient in the manufacture of steel, and the region in which Frick organized, the Connellsville Coke region, produced a very high quality.
		Frick made several major real estate investments in downtown Pittsburgh, formed the St. Clair Steel Company in 1900 in Clairton, Pa. with the largest coke works in the world, and when Carnegie sold the Carnegie Steel Company in 1901, Frick played a major role in the negotiations which formed the United States Steel Corp.
	www.geocities.com /Heartland/4547/frick.html (317 words)

	About Henry Clay Frick \| Abbeville Press
		Born in 1885 and the first daughter of Henry Clay Frick and Adelaide Howard Childs Frick, she was nicknamed "Rosebud" because of her creamy complexion and soft red curls.
		Martha was a mystery to me. Moreover, Henry Clay Frick had constructed the fortress of his privacy well: he was taciturn, brusque in his personal relationships, committed virtually nothing of a personal nature to paper, and guarded most of his feelings--although his anger was famous and never forgotten by those who experienced it.
		Those artworks now in the Frick Collection, or at Clayton, and those once owned by Henry Clay Frick but now in private collections or other museums, are not grouped by collection, nor are they presented by century, school, nationality, or even their date of acquisition.
	www.abbeville.com /Products/Excerpt/0789205009Excerpt.htm (3213 words)

	Welcome to the Frick
		Industrialist and art collector Henry Clay Frick (1849-1919) was born in West Overton, Pennsylvania, a rural village settled by Mennonites forty miles southeast of Pittsburgh.
		The Fricks' third child, Helen Clay Frick, was born in 1888.
		The Frick residence was opened to the public as a museum in 1935.
	frickart.org /history/henry (447 words)

	Henry Clay Frick: The Man (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		This is the engrossing story of Henry Clay Frick (1849-1919), the industrialist, art collector, and benefactor, who rose to have absolute control of the Carnegie Steel Company, the greatest steel company of its time.
		Henry Clay Frick was born in Pennsylvania in 1849 and named after the head of the Whig Party at the time.
		Frick, in which he was wounded, his approach to public affairs, and his role as a patriot.
	www.beardbooks.com /henry_clay_frick.html (321 words)

	Liz Eckman (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Henry Clay Frick was one of the most prominent businessmen during the industrial age of steel in Pittsburgh.
		Frick was born in 1849 in West Overton, Pa. By age 22, Frick had the beginnings of his empire when he established the H.C. Frick Coke Company.
		Frick was blamed for the bloodshed along the banks of the Monogohela River near “Fort Frick”.
	webpub.alleg.edu /employee/m/mmaniate/pittprogress/eckman.html (443 words)

	Henry Clay Frick (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Henry Clay Frick was born in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania of German-Swiss ancestry.
		Frick had built his own industrial empire by manufacturing coke, which was an ideal product for Bessemer conversion.
		It was a move that Frick would regret for the rest of his life, despite the additional wealth it brought him.
	www.bgsu.edu /departments/acs/1890s/carnegie/frick.html (270 words)

	Henry Clay -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Clay was twice the unsuccessful Whig candidate for president (1832, 1844).
		U.S. lawyer and business executive Henry Clay Folger is remembered as the founder of the Folger Shakespeare Library in Washington, D.C. The library serves as a research center for the study of William Shakespeare, his contemporaries, Elizabethan society and culture, and 16th- and 17th-century British drama, literature, and history.
		Henry Clay Frick was born in West Overton, Pa., on Dec. 19, 1849.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9024270 (740 words)

	"I Will Kill Frick": Emma Goldman Recounts the Attempt to Assassinate the Chairman of the Carnegie Steel Company During ...
		Henry Clay Frick, chairman of the Carnegie Steel Company, was demonized by labor for his role in the violent Homestead strike in 1892 in which a pitched battle was fought between strikers and company-hired Pinkerton detectives.
		Frick was also the owner of extensive coke-fields, where unions were prohibited and the workers were ruled with an iron hand.
		Frick curtly refused the peace advances of the workers' organization, declaring that there was “nothing to arbitrate.” Presently the mills were closed.
	historymatters.gmu.edu /d/99 (1912 words)

	American Experience \| Emma Goldman \| People & Events \| PBS
		Frick sued for the market value of his coke and the case was settled out-of-court.
		Frick's purchases today form the core of The Frick Collection, sixteen galleries of masterpieces by Western artists including Vermeer, Rembrandt, El Greco, Titian, and Bellini, housed in his former mansion at 79th and Fifth Avenue.
		Henry Clay Frick died on December 2, 1919, at the age of seventy.
	www.pbs.org /wgbh/amex/goldman/peopleevents/p_frick.html (773 words)

	Henry Clay Frick: "The Man" was a Businessman (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Frick gets a percentage in the new company that compensates him for the value of the coke company that he had created, but was now losing control of.
		Frick adroitly took control of the coal fields of Connellsville in the 1870s and expanded his control of mining and coking operations until he became a millionaire by the age of 30.
		To his 31-year-old daughter Helen Clay Frick he gave $6.5 million to be spent for charitable and educational purposes, and during her life the Frick Fine Arts building of the University of Pittsburgh was constructed.
	www.carnegiemuseums.org /cmag/bk_issue/1997/marapr/dept2.htm (1290 words)

	Meet You in Hell: Andrew Carnegie, Henry Clay Frick (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Dipping deeply into Carnegie’s personal correspondence with Frick (and vice versa), Standiford reveals a hypocrite who prided himself on being a friend of the working man, while at the same time planning and executing what turned out to be one of the bloodiest labor lock-outs in U.S. history, the Homestead Strike.
		Frick, who was shot by Russian anarchist Alexander Berkman during the strike, never forgave Carnegie for disowning his actions during the lock-out.
		Frick was hit twice in the neck, but the attack didn’t deter him from keeping the mill closed.
	www.calitreview.com /Reviews/meetyouinhell_053.htm (972 words)

	'Henry Clay Frick: An Intimate Portrait' by Martha Frick Symington Sanger
		Henry Clay Frick and daughter Helen’s philanthropy was considerable, benefiting many people and organizations in Pittsburgh and elsewhere.
		Frick’s early interest in fine things was stimulated by prints that he hung in his live-in work shack in Connellsville.
		Although Frick suffered intermittently but severely throughout his life from inflammatory arthritis which debilitated him for long periods, he made his first million from his coke works by 30 and was worth $600 million at his death.
	www.post-gazette.com /books/reviews/19981022review127.asp (1309 words)

	Homestead Strike 1892
		Frick curtly refused the peace advances of the workers’ organization, declaring that there was “ nothing to arbitrate.” Presently the mills were closed.
		Frick is the responsible factor in this crime,” he said; “ he must be made to stand the consequences.” It was the psychological moment for an Attentat; the whole country was aroused, everybody was considering Frick the perpetrator of a coldblooded murder.
		Frick was injured but survived and Berkman was overpowered and arrested at the scene, later sentenced to 22 years in prison.
	www.geocities.com /CapitolHill/Senate/7672/homestead.html (1873 words)

	Henry Clay Frick - Freepedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Henry Clay Frick (December 19, 1849 – December 2, 1919) was an American industrialist and art patron.
		Born in West Overton, Fayette County, Pennsylvania, in the Appalachians, he went into business producing steel from coal and was a millionaire by the age of thirty.
		Henry Clay Frick was an industrialist, and was very successful in his lifetime.
	en.freepedia.org /Henry_Clay_Frick.html (520 words)

	Reader's Companion to American History - -FRICK, HENRY CLAY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Born in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, the son of an impecunious farmer, Clay was determined to escape the poverty of his unambitious father and sought to emulate his maternal grandfather, Abraham Overholt, a successful whiskey distiller and the wealthiest man in the county.
		Frick was as taciturn and antisocial as Carnegie was voluble and gregarious.
		Although Frick was simply carrying out Carnegie's instructions to break the union at that plant, Carnegie never forgave him for the bloodshed that resulted when Pinkerton strikebreakers were brought in.
	college.hmco.com /history/readerscomp/rcah/html/ah_034000_frickhenrycl.htm (640 words)

	[No title]
		Frick was also the owner of extensive coke fields, where unions were prohibited and the workers were ruled with an iron hand." "The high tariff on imported steel had greatly boomed the American steel industry.
		Sasha broke the silence." "`Frick is the responsible factor in this crime,' he said; `he must be made to stand the consequences.' It was the psychological moment for an Attentat; the whole country was aroused, everybody was considering Frick the perpetrator of a coldblooded murder.
		Frick was the symbol of wealth and power, of the injustice and wrong of the capitalistic class, as well as personally responsible for the shedding of the workers' blood.
	dwardmac.pitzer.edu /Anarchist_Archives/goldman/frick.html (2674 words)

	Frick, Henry Clay. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Frick, in turn, was given large holdings in the Carnegie company, and because of his managerial ability, he was made (1889) chairman of the steel company.
		Frick, frequently over Carnegie’s protest, dealt in strong-handed fashion with the company’s workers, and his adamant stand resulted in a pitched battle in the strike (1892) at Homestead, Pa.—one of the bitterest strikes in U.S. history (see Homestead strike).
		Disputes between Frick and Carnegie led to a struggle between them for control, and in 1899 Frick resigned.
	www.bartleby.com /65/fr/Frick-He.html (326 words)

	Henry Clay Frick: An Intimate Portrait
		Frick, Martha Frick Symington Sanger, the book is a beautiful volume from its construction, to what is displayed and written within.
		Frick was a very tough businessman, at times brutal, and he never hesitated to employ these tactics when he perceived his business interests were threatened.
		Frick and others like him make easy targets, that they were flawed is not the issue, they were.
	www.centrasoft.net /b10/0789205009.htm (707 words)

	Henry Frick
		Henry Clay Frick, the grandson of a wealthy businessman, was born in Pennsylvania in 1849.
		Frick was criticised for causing the violence at Homestead by importing strikebreakers.
		Henry Clay Frick worked as a director of several large companies until his death in 1919.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /USAfrick.htm (489 words)

	Serebella Contents Henry Clark---Henry Clay Frick (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		It uses material from the Wiktionary page "Clay".
		In the International System of Units, the derived unit of electrical inductance; the inductance induced in a circuit by a rate of change of current of one ampere per second and a resulting electromotive force of one volt.
		It uses material from the Wiktionary page "Henry".
	www.serebella.com /encyclopedia/contains-189471-189474-Henry_Clark-Henry_Clay_Frick.html (150 words)

	Book celebrates homes of Henry Clay Frick - PittsburghLIVE.com
		The Fricks were wedded to the home as their first house, she says.
		Frick's frugal upbringing as a Mennonite probably had something to do with that, Sanger says, but it also shows his thinking about the houses.
		Sanger says she doesn't believe Frick strategized his actions because of that, but she does think the houses were some form of parallel biography.
	pittsburghlive.com /x/tribune-review/entertainment/books/s_3154.html (1099 words)

	Henry Clay Frick : An Intimate Portrait by Martha Frick Symington Sanger : Book (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Henry Frick, remembered by art lovers today for his splendid collection of old-master paintings by Rembrandt, Bellini, and others that make up New York's Frick Museum, was one of the 19th century's worst robber barons.
		Frick's was such a bloody and vicious climb to a pot of gold that his descendents have been understandably reluctant to allow historians full access to his papers.
		Finally, his great-granddaughter, Martha Sanger, a noted steeplechase and hunting enthusiast, decided to write about the life of her ancestor, and was allowed full use of the archives.
	www.crimsonbird.com /cgi-bin/a.cgi?j=0789205009 (322 words)

	Amazon.com: Henry Clay Frick: An Intimate Portrait: Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		How one of the most notorious turn-of-the-century robber barons, the "shoot-to-kill" strikebreaker Henry Clay Frick (1849-1919), amassed what is arguably the greatest collection of Old Master paintings in New York is a paradox that is difficult to explain.
		Sanger does an admirable job of detailing Frick's ascent to power; as the life of a tycoon, her biography is eminently readable and informative.
		Frick's life, his involvement with the steel industry of Pittsburgh in all of its ramifications, the accumulation of wealth and the intricacies of running a powerful corporation in those heady days.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0789205009?v=glance (2213 words)

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